NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY

ACADEMIC VICE-RECTORATE
SUBPROGRAM ACADEMIC DESIGN
AREA: GENERAL STUDIES
MENTION

COURSE PLAN
IDENTIFICATION

Nombre:Temas de Ética

U.C.: 2 Study hours: 96

Career: All careers

Code: 119

Semestre: Variable

Priorities: None

Requirement: None

Autor (es): William Rodríguez

Academic Designer: Dr. Rebeca Estefano

Date - approval by Academic Council: July 16, 2019

Date - approval by the Board of Directors: July 25, 2019

Validity: from the year 2019 to the year 2021

1
FOUNDATION

The fundamental objective of this course on Ethics Issues, within the UNA curriculum, seeks to provide knowledge and
basic methods for each of today's students and tomorrow's professionals to take charge, thoughtfully and critically,
of the moral dimension that comes with being a person and exercising the profession for which each one prepares. In this sense,
This is a course that falls within the vision and mission that our University has with its students and with the
society for which they want to train them. That is why it is a mandatory course for students in all majors.

This ethics course does not have the direct purpose of making honest professionals, but to help reflect on what should
to be a good professional, one must be one. It is true that to act professionally in a competent and responsible manner is more
It is more important to live morally than to know a lot about morality; the lived morality is more important than the thought morality. There will be and there are many.
professionals who in certain situations act well without having taken any ethics courses. The claims
The goals of this course are modest, and we do not harbor great illusions: those who want to act poorly will not stop doing so just because they have...
I took an ethics course at university. And yet, it is neither useless nor superfluous to try to promote language and sensitivity about.
ethical themes.

The course you are about to start is an eminently theoretical course, although throughout the materials we will propose, practical elements are included.
references, many to specific topics and situations. Even within the course structure, we have introduced a series of topics
about what is today called 'applied ethics'. These topics, as their name indicates, refer to different subjects that today,
In our society and in the world, in general, they have a special relevance.

For this course, we have the instructional material from the National Open University developed by Professor Roberto Zapata:
Ethics Topics. This material has been created from many sources, from what many others have said and written. Therefore,
For each of the Units, in addition to the already printed material, we will suggest some complementary bibliographic references.
Since the topic of Ethics is a subject of constant reflection and every day we are presented with facts and situations that need to be
analyzed in light of ethical principles, we will also suggest some bibliographical references that may help you
to delve a little deeper into the different contents.

The course is divided into two parts: The First Part, consisting of four units, dedicated to the presentation of the great
topics of what is commonly called 'General Ethics': from an initial theme about ethics itself to aspects related to
ethical theories, the aspects related to moral action - consciousness, freedom, and values - and moral development. The Second
Part contains four topics of "Applied Ethics": two of them dedicated to the ethics of life; ecological ethics and two others.
relacionados con nuestro vivir en sociedad y con nuestro trabajo profesional.

2
 GENERAL GUIDELINES

Download the Instruction Guide and the Reading Selection at the following link:
[Link] Remember that only
You can access the instructional material using your Gmail account.

Study the materials that make up the Selection of Readings. Refer to the Dictionary of Philosophy as many times as
It is deemed necessary to read the selection several times.

Plan your study time. It is suggested that you spend at least one hour daily for 5 days a week.
study week for each objective. Take into account your personal, family, work, and environmental conditions.
to achieve structuring a schedule that adequately responds to these particularities so that you make the most of it
effective study time. For each objective to study, you should dedicate 10 hours of study.

Read the general objective of the course on ETHICS TOPICS (119), which will provide a global overview regarding
broad, descriptive, comprehensive and what is intended to be achieved in the development of the learning process.

Cada una de las Unidades descritas cuenta con un material básico y fundamental (Material Instruccional), en el cual
All and each of the specific aspects will be developed. This material can be purchased or consulted.
in the Local Center library or online.

For some specific topics or points, some references or supplementary readings will be indicated that you can
consult them at the Multiple Resources Center of your Local Center.

To achieve the proposed objectives for each of the Units, the student will perform the readings.
comprehensive of each of them, as well as the proposed exercises and evaluation activities.

BASIC INSTRUCTIONAL STRUCTURE

Nombre de la Asignatura:Temas de Ética
Code:119
Global Objective of the Subject: To critically analyze the conditions for a genuine change in the conception of modern life that
concretize the demands of morality and responsibility in each of the spheres of economic, social, and professional life
3
Thematic Units:
Unit I: Ethics and Morality
Objetivo de la Unidad:Explicarobjetivamente la ética, sus elementos, teorías y perspectivas.
I.1- Specific Objective: To analytically characterize various concepts in the field of ethics.
I.2- Specific Objective: To critically describe the evaluation criteria of ethics by comparing different traditions.
historical
Unit II: The Ethical Subject and Moral Development
Objective of the Unit: To describe, reflectively, the ethical subject in relation to moral consciousness, freedom, and values from the
philosophical and psychological theories
II.1- Specific Objective: To explain, objectively, the ethical subject and moral consciousness.
II.2- Specific Objective: To critically characterize the main psychological explanations of moral development in the
man.
Unit III: Bioethics
Objective of the Unit: To critically explain, based on the concept of bioethics, the aspects that an ethics of must take into account.
human life applied to some specific areas (Human genome, cloning and research in science and technology).
III.1- Objetivo Específico: Describir de forma objetiva, los conceptos de bioética y sus subdisciplinas
III.2- Specific Objective: To explain, with a critical sense and democratic vision, the current existential dilemmas in the social context of
based on the core elements of bioethics
Unit IV: Ecological, Citizenship, and Professional Ethics
Unit Objective: To objectively analyze the ethical issues of ecology, citizenship, and professional practice.
IV.1- Specific Objective: To identify, with analytical sense, the content and meaning of citizen ethics and the meaning of ethics
minimum.
IV.2- Specific Objective: To describe, reflectively, the human interaction of men with their peers in civic practice.
IV.3- Specific Objective: Critically analyze the contents of the three instances that underpin the ethics of professional life

Approved Adjustment by: C.A. 07/16/2019 C.D. 25/07/2019

4
 COURSE INSTRUCTION DESIGN ON ETHICS TOPICS

Course Objective: Critically analyze the conditions for a genuine change in the conception of modern life that
strengthen the demands of morality and responsibility in each of the spheres of economic, social, and professional life

Objective of Thematic Unit I Ethics and Morality: To objectively explain ethics, its elements, theories, and perspectives.

Evaluation Strategies
Objective * Content Instructional Strategies
(5.5%)
[Link], Ethics 1. Upon starting this basic ethics course, you should try to open yourself to a theoretical approach, but,
Ethics and morality at the same time, existential. For this reason, it is important to locate oneself in the interesting terrain Summative:
analytically Ethics and knowledge of human actions; of appropriate personal and social behavior. Create a comparative table
various Moral y 2. As an adult, locate and carefully read a good dictionary of Philosophy to pointing out, at least two,
concepts in Law that knows and understands the language to be used in the course. similarities and differences between
Moral y 3. Read the instructional material for subject 119, topics 1 and 2, in the following ethics, law, morality, and religion.
the ethical area.
Religion address: [Link]
Moral y 2bVFtv6XVjpAN4A-p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharing Take into account the date of
Norma delivery established by the Advisor
4. Take your personal notes in preparation for creating comparative synthetic tables. from your Local Center.
Moral y that link the concepts of ethics, morality, religion, and law.
Person
For the realization of this
the panel must review the instruction manual
of evaluation inserted at the end
of this course plan.
I.2. Describe Theories 1. Find a good text on the History of Ethics focusing on the various approaches, summative access.
ethics and historical traditions related to the subject of human behavior. I recommend you Prepare a written report in the
with sense that describes at least two,
Tradition next:[Link]
critical the Aristotelian 2. Then read topic 2 of the Instructional Material for subject 119, at the address already scope and two limits of the
criteria of Tradition indicated:[Link]
different historical traditions
hedonist developed ethics.
evaluation of p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharing
Tradition
ethics Kantian 3. Compare, contrast, and complete all the information studied in both sources. Take into account the date of
comparing Tradition 4. Record the scope and limits of the different historical ethical traditions studied and delivery established by the Advisor
the different dialogical present them in a written report. from its Local Center.
Pluralism For the realization of this
traditions ethical report must review the instructions
historical. evaluation inserted at the end
of this course plan.

5
Objective of Thematic Unit II The ethical subject and Moral Development: Reflexively describe the ethical subject in relation to the
moral conscience, freedom, and values from philosophical and psychological theories
Objective Content Instructional Strategies Evaluation Strategies (5.5%)
II.1. Moral and 1. In this unit, I tried to locate the social dimension of human behavior. Notice in Summative
Explain, society the important thing that can help to guide one's own life. Create a mind map in
objectively, the Moral and Dedicate time to study the basic terms of the proposed content by consulting that it be explained clearly
ethical subject and society a dictionary of Philosophy. the relationships between morality,
Consciousness in 3. Read carefully topic 3 (Pages 89-146) of the instructional material at: awareness freedom y
moral. Venezuela [Link] will.
The p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharing
[Link], seguidamente, el siguiente texto: Take into account the date of
moral: [Link] delivery established by the
principles 5. Compare and contrast the different sources studied and then write it down. Advisor of your Local Center.
standards and Your notes, organize all the information in the form of a mind map. For the realization of this
training. concept map, must
Freedom review the instructions for
and the evaluation inserted at the end
will. of this course plan.
The
values
II.2. Characterize, The The development of the topic of moral development in the being is broad and very varied. Summative
with sense development human. If you pay attention, you can gain immense theoretical wealth and obtain tools Develop a critical essay, of
critic the moral. de orientación personal. a length no greater than 5
main The 2. Research online on the websites of national and foreign universities pages, about the diverse
explanations Sociologist about moral development. theories of moral development
psychological me 3. Read and critically judge the following link: with their own positions
about the The [Link] based
moral development psychoanalysis4. Identify the scope and gaps of the various theories presented there. argumentatively.
in the man sis. 5. Read, with a critical sense, the instructional material of the subject: Take into account the date of
The [Link] delivery established by the
conducts p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharingP(arts. 147-2012) attempted to make a balance of the Advisor of your Local Center.
mo. theories of moral development that are presented there. For the realization of this
The [Link] compare the contributions and positions of the two texts studied. essay must review the
cognitive 7. Write down your own position, based on reasoning, in a written critical essay. instruction manual
of evaluation
mo. a length not exceeding 5 pages. inserted at the end of this Plan
The of Course.
cognitive
me
evolution
smo.

6
Objective of Thematic Unit III Bioethics: Critically explain, based on the concept of bioethics, the aspects that it should have.
tell an ethics of human life applying it to some concrete areas (Human genome, cloning, and research in
science and technology.
Assessment Strategies
Objective * Content Instructional Strategies
(5.5%)
[Link] Ethics 1. In this unit, I tried to locate the socio-vital dimension of human behavior. Take note of it. Summative
applied. important that can be useful to guide one's own life.
of form Ethics of the 2. Spend time studying the basic terms of the proposed content by consulting a Prepare a summary table in which
objective, the life. dictionary of Philosophy. clearly describe the relationships
concepts of The 3. Read carefully pages 203-231 of the instructional material at: between ethics, bioethics, genomey
bioethics and its areas of [Link] cloning.
ethics. p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharing
subdisciplines Bioethics Take into account the delivery date
. special. 4. Then, read the following link: [Link] established by the Advisor of your
The Genome Local Center. For the realization of
The 5. Compare and contrast the different sources studied and, after writing down your this frame must review the instruction manual
cloning. notes, organize all the information in the form of a summary table. evaluation inserted at the end of
this Course Plan.
III.2. Explain, Health and life Summative
human. The development of the topic of biological ethics in humans is broad and very varied. If
with sense Ethical challenges you will be able to gain immense theoretical wealth and obtain orientation tools Create a comparative chart
critic and vision of science and personal. Research online on websites of national and foreign universities that explain the various dilemmas.
democratic, the technology. about bioethics. existential issues related to bioethics
2. Read and critically judge the following text in the link: that is presented in the texts.
the dilemmas
[Link]
existential
general bioethics and deontology/bioethics a Take into account the delivery date
current in the established by the Advisor of your
new-definition/
context Local Center. For the realization of
3. Locate the similarities and differences between the various historical positions
this table must review the instructions
social from found. evaluation inserted at the end of
of the 4. Read, with critical sense, the instructional material of the subject: this Course Plan.
elements [Link]
own of the p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharing. (Pages 232-247) trying to take stock of the
existential dilemmas that are presented there.
bioethics. 5. Critically compare the contributions and positions of the two studied texts.
6. Write down your own position in a comparative table of no length
more than 3 pages.

7
Objective of Thematic Unit IV Ecological, Citizen, and Professional Ethics: To objectively analyze the ethical problems of the
ecology, citizenship, and professional work.

Evaluation Strategies
Objective * Content Instructional Strategies
(5.5%)
IV.1. Identify, Ecological crisis 1. In this unit, I tried to locate the social dimension of human behavior. Summative
with meaning y pathology Notice how important it can be to guide one's own life.
analytical, the humana. 2. Dedicate time to studying the basic terms of the proposed content - Create a mind map in which
content and consulting a dictionary of Philosophy. are clearly detected the
meaning of the Ecology y 3. Read carefully Topic 3 (Pages 89-146) of the instructional material on: relationships between ecology, ethics and
citizen ethics challenges [Link] human freedom.
and the meaning of the ecological.
p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharing
minimum ethics. Lea, next, the next link: Take into account the date of
Ecology y [Link] delivery established by the
man 4. Compare and contrast the different sources studied and thenAdvisor placeof your
by Local Center. For
modern. I wrote my notes, organized all the information in the form of a map. the creation of this map
mental. mental should review the instructions
Ecological ethics. evaluation inserted at the end
de este Plan de curso.
IV.2. Describe Ethics of the The development of the topic of citizen ethics is broad and very varied in being.
of form citizens. human. If you pay attention, you could gain immense theoretical wealth and obtain summative tools.
reflexive, the Civic ethics. of personal orientation. Locate and read carefully a good dictionary of Prepare a summary table
interaction Minimum ethics. Philosophy that explains the meanings of the basic terms of the content. with the diverse positions on
human of the The attitude [Link] y judge critically the next link: the citizen ethics and the
men with their communicative. [Link] human attitudes of dialogue
pairs in the 2. Identify the scope and gaps of the various definitions presented there. ethical.
practice 3. Read, with a critical sense, the instructional material of the subject:
citizen. [Link] Take into account the date of
p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharing (Pages 291-322) trying to make a summary delivery established by the
of the various topics presented there. Advisor to your Local Center. For
the realization of this painting
4. Critically compare the contributions and positions of the two studied texts.
you should review the instructions for
5. Write down your theoretical synthesis in a summary table written in a
no more than 3 pages. evaluation inserted at the end of
this course plan.
IV.3. Analyze, The work. In this unit, I tried to close all ethical reflection on personal, social, and summative life.
critically, the The profession. professional of the human being. Notice how important it can be for
contents of Ethical value of to orient one's own life. Spend time studying the basic terms of -Writing a critical essay
the three work and the proposed content by consulting a dictionary of Philosophy (professional ethics, about the various contributions and
instances that profession. work, employment, conviction, responsibility. postures ethical-professionals
foundational the Ethics of the 2. Read carefully the pages 323-360) of the instructional material in: founded
ethics of life conviction. [Link] argumentatively.
professional Ethics of the p9WdhDlbwA?usp=sharingLand then, the next link:
responsibility [Link] Take into account the date of
ad. 4. Critically compare the contributions and positions of the two studied texts. delivery established by the
Advisor of your Local Center. For
8
5. Write down your own position, justified, in a written critical essay on the completion of this essay.
a length not exceeding 5 pages. you must review the instructions for
evaluation inserted at the end of
this Course Plan.

9
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Mandatory

Zapata, R. (2000).Temas de É[Link] Nacional Abierta. Caracas.

Supplementary
Unit 1: What is Ethics? Ethical Theories and Moral Pluralism
Etxeberría, X. (2002):Temas básicos de ética. Bilbao, Desclée.Cáp. 1: “Tema introductorio”, pp.13-28.

Etxeberría, X. (2002):Temas básicos de ética. Bilbao, Desclée. Cáp. 2: “La ética como horizonte de plenitud: a) La aspiración a la felicidad”, pp.29-38 y
Cáp.3: “La ética como ideal de convivencia: B. Autonomía, pp. 87-93; C. El deber y las normas, pp. 93-107.

Unit 2: THE ETHICAL SUBJECT and MORAL DEVELOPMENT

Payá Sánchez, M. (1997),Educación en valores para una sociedad abierta y plural: aproximación conceptual. Bilbao, Desclée. Cap. 2: “Axiología y ética”,
pp. 37-63.

Savater,F.(1999):Las preguntas de la vida. Barcelona, Ariel. Cáp. 6: “La libertad en acción”, pp.139-162.

Delval, J. and Enesco, I. (1994): Moral, Development, and Education. Madrid, Anaya. Chapter 5: 'Moral Development According to Piaget', pp. 79-117; Chapter 6: The Stages
on moral development, according to Kohlberg, pp. 119-143; Ch. 7: "Other conceptions of the genesis of morality", pp. 145-161.

Pérez-Delgado, E. y García-Ros, R.l (eds.) (1991):La psicología del desarrollo moral. Madrid, Siglo XXI, Cap. “La moral en las diferentes teorías
psicológicas”, pp. 23-50; Cáp. 3: “Psicología sociocognitiva: de Jean Piaget a Lawrence Kohlberg”, pp. 51-70.

Puig Rovira, J. M. (1996):La construcción de la personalidad moral. Barcelona, Piados. Cáp. 1: “principales tendencias en educación moral”, pp. 13-56.

Unit 3: ETHICS OF LIFE

Abrisqueta, J. A. (2002): 'Bioethics and genomic medicine', in Jorge José Ferrer and Julio Luis Martínez (eds.), Bioethics: A plural dialogue. Madrid,
University of Comillas, pp. 323-329.

Elizari, F.J. (2002), "Reproductive human cloning by nuclear transfer. Justifications for its ethical rejection," in Jorge José Ferrer and Julio Luis
Martínez (eds.), Bioethics: A Plural Dialogue.” Madrid, Comillas University, pp. 61-82.

Flecha, J. R. (2000):La fuente de la vida. Manual de Bioética. Salamanca, Sígueme. Cáp. 2:”Estatuto de la bioética”, pp. 55-71.

10
Gafo, J. (2000): “Bioética. Historia y fundamentación”, en Javier Gafo (ed.),10 palabras clave en bioética. Estella, Ed. Verbo Divino, pp. 11-40.

Unit 4: ECOLOGICAL, CITIZEN AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS

Giró, J. (2002): “From love for one's neighbor to love for the distant. Rights, obligations and responsibilities towards future generations”, in José [Link].
Gómez-Heras (ed.): Ethics at the Border. Madrid, Biblioteca Nueva, pp. 83-122.

Gómez-Heras, J. M. Ga. (2002): "Proposals for the foundation of environmental ethics", in José [Link]. Gómez-Heras (ed.): Ethics in the
frontier. Madrid, New Library, pp. 13-46.

Guerra, M. J. (2001):Breve introducción a la ética ecológica. Madrid, Machado Libros. Cáp. 1: “Enfoques antropocéntricos: ajustead hocde las éticas
traditional”, pp. 33-50; Chap. 2: “Bio and ecocentric ethics: Extraordinary proposals”, pp. 51-93.

Cortina, A. (1994): The Ethics of Civil Society. Madrid, Anaya. Chapter 3: 'The Magic Formula of Moral Pluralism', pp. 35-58; Chapter 6: 'Will to
understanding", pp. 101-118.

Cortina, A. (2001):Alianza y contrato. Política, ética y religión. Madrid, Trotta. Cap. 9: “Semblanza de la ética cívica”, pp. 133-144.

Hortal, A. (2002):Ética general de las profesiones. Bilbao, Desclée. Cap. 2: “¿Qué son las profesiones”, pp. 33-51; Cap. 5: “El principio de beneficencia”,
pp. 113-130; Cap. 6: “El principio de autonomía”, pp. 131-137; Cáp. 8: “El principio de justicia”, pp. 151-161.

11
EVALUATION PLAN
SUBJECT: Topics in Ethics MODALITY OBJETIVO CONTENIDO
Semestre: I Código: 119
Carrera: Área de Estudios Generales Créditos: 2
Period: 2019-II
Responsable: William Rodríguez Jobs All the All the
Evaluador: Enrique García practical objectives units
Opening hours: 9:00 am-4:00 pm
Mail
electronic: wirodriguez@[Link]

U O OBJECTIVES
I.1 Analyze and characterize various concepts in the field of ethics.
I
I.2 Critically describe the evaluation criteria of ethics by comparing different historical traditions.

II.1 Objectively explain the ethical subject and moral conscience.

II
II.2 Critically characterize the main psychological explanations of moral development in humans.

III.1 Objectively describe the concepts of bioethics and its subdisciplines.

III Explain, with critical sense and democratic vision, the current existential dilemmas in the social context based on its own elements.
III.2
bioethics.
IV.1 Identify, with analytical sense, the content and meaning of citizen ethics and the meaning of minimal ethics.

IV IV.2 Reflectively describe human interaction among men with their peers in civic practice.

IV.3 Critically analyze the contents of the three instances that underpin the ethics of professional life.

Objective I.1 I.2 II.1 II.2 III.1 III.2 IV.1 IV.2 IV.3
Weight 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Maximum possible weight: 9
Subject Mastery Criterion: 7

Approval Criterion: 75% (Art. 44 Chapter IX of Grades and Passing Levels)

Accumulated Weight 1-4 5 6 7 8 9
Rating 1 2 4 6 8 10

12
 NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY
ACADEMIC VICE-RECTORATE
SUBPROGRAM DESIGN
ACADEMIC
GENERAL STUDIES AREA

EVALUATION INSTRUCTION

Dear students and advisors, in this instruction you will find the guidelines for the development of the various activities.
evaluative activities of the subject Ethics Topics (Code 19). The proposed evaluative activities will allow the student to relate and integrate the
theoretical aspects studied with your reality as a student and future professional. With this practice, you will be able to reinforce and validate what the theory says.
The evaluative activities will be submitted to the course advisor in the following way:
Assessment Objectives Evaluative activity

I.1. Analyze and characterize various concepts in the area of ethics. Comparative Chart
WORK I.2. Describe, with critical sense, the evaluation criteria of ethics comparing the different [Link] report
PRACTICAL NO. 1 historical traditions.
II.1. Explain, objectively, the ethical subject and moral conscience. Mind Map
II.2. Critically characterize the main psychological explanations about the Essay
WORK moral development in man.
PRACTICAL NO. 2
III.1. Objectively describe the concepts of bioethics and its sub-disciplines. Summary Table
III. 2. Explain, with critical sense and democratic vision, the current existential dilemmas in the Comparative table
social context based on the inherent elements of bioethics.
IV.1. Identify, with analytical sense, the content and meaning of citizen ethics and the Mind map
sense of minimal ethics.
IV.2. Reflectively describe the human interaction of men with their peers in the Summary table
citizen practice.
IV. 3. Critically analyze the contents of the three instances that underpin ethics of the Essay
professional life.
Below are the guidelines for the activities to be carried out for each objective:
Read the Unit materials and reflect on the topics to compare in the comparison chart. Remember that you must read very well the
suggested texts in the Course Plan to be able to compare their elements.

13
 Guidelines for the preparation of the Chart
Comparative:

Read and follow the guidelines you will find at the following link to create the comparative chart regarding the various concepts.
of ethics. Point out their similarities and differences. (Objectives 1 and 6):[Link]
information-and-examples/

Guidelines for the preparation of the Report

Written:

Read and follow the guidelines you will find in the following link to prepare the written report regarding the different traditions.
ethics. (Objectives 2):[Link]

Guidelines for the Development of the Mind Map:

Read and follow the instructions you will find in the following link to create mind maps and apply it to the ethical subject, consciousness.
moral and civic ethics (goals 3 and 7): [Link]
explained step by step

14
 INSTRUMENT FOR FORMATIVE EVALUATION OF THE MENTAL MAP OR
OBJECTIVE SCHEME II.1 and IV.1.

Elements that must be present in the mind map or outline Yes No Observations
Presents the elements of the ethical subject, moral conscience, minimum ethics, and citizenship.
Creatively present the elements of ethical and civic conceptions
Build the mind map or outline with shapes, figures, and key words.

INSTRUMENT FOR THE SUMMATIVE EVALUATION OF THE MIND MAP OR

ESSAY
OBJECTIVE II. 1
Y 7Correction date
Responsible advisor for the correction
Datos del estudiante Identity Card
Last Names V
Names E
FEATURES TO EVALUATE 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Present the elements of the ethical subject, conscience, and minimal ethics.
citizen
Creatively present the elements of the ethical and civic conception
knowledge
Build the mind map or diagram with shapes, figures, and key words.
Oral presentation of the mind map or outline
Maximum score 22 Minimum score 17

A maximum score of twenty-two (22) points is contemplated for the mind map or outline corresponding to Objective 2. The minimum score
The passing score for the objective is seventeen (17) points.

Before writing the final essay, it is important that you create a preliminary version and present it to the advisor. This preliminary version will
It will allow to improve the writing, spelling, and verify if the topic corresponds with the content of the objective that will be evaluated.
The title must correspond with the content of the essay, as it will inform the reader about the topic to be discussed.

15
 Guidelines for writing the essay
(Objective II.2 and IV.3)
Outline of the work that must be submitted to the advisor:
The essay must contain the following aspects:
Datos de identificación de la Universidad, título del ensayo, datos de identificación del estudiante (nombre, apellido, cédula de identidad),
identification of the subject and the advisor, submission date.
Introduction: presents the topic, justifies its importance.
Development of the topic: it contains the exposition and analysis of the topic, personal ideas are presented and supported with information from other sources.
Conclusiones:se resume en forma breve la idea principal y se expresan las propias ideas sobre el tema.
Bibliographic references: the references of the consulted sources that were used to gather information and support the ideas or
criticism. These sources can be books, magazines, online documents, videos, interviews, among others.
Plan your writing so that you can successfully complete the essay. You can follow the following outline:
Guide for planning in essay writing
Rhetorical situation or of
Planning
communication
Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5
Definition of the situation
List of ideas Organization Schematization Draft of the writing (sketch)
rhetoric or communication
5. Select the topic a) Make a list of 6. Group the ideas 5. Create a diagram with Prepare a written
[Link] the topic ideas: the list can through its: the information. script of the text.
7. Prepare a thesis outline include words, classification The starting point will be the It must be done based on
phrases and sentences categorization thesis. the thesis.
8. Delimit the
briefs. hierarchization There must be an arrangement There must be a structure
audience hierarchical of ideas.
Who will the reader be? What Note: the ideas (among other methods of
8. The
of defined composition
scheme does not imply (cause-effect,
a
knowledge and expectations come from of two grouping). problem
sources: Note: they must remain composition structure
it is supposed to possess the solution comparison
reader? What information is Use of fonts delimited ideas
Recommendation: no
contrast, from the general to the
should it include? what kind of From memory main and secondary. particular...)
From the review of There must be a continue if the scheme does not
thesis
What language should be used? it has been achieved in a way
various authors. preliminary. Note: the script is shared
9. Specify the Recommendation: do not leave satisfactoria.
purpose: fundamental of the essay.
this step if it has not been
What is the purpose of the has successfully proposed a thesis.
writer? (analyze, 7. Formulate the objectives of
demonstrate explain content (the information
inform... what should be included in the
[Link] the objectives document.
procedural (what is)
needs to do to elaborate
the essay).
Taken from: López, M., Huerta, J., Ibarra, J., Almazán, K. (2015). Basic manual for essay writing. p. 105. Retrieved from
[Link] la_apa.pdf

16
The essay must be structured in the following way, you can refer to either of the two schemes (see appendix 1 and 2).
Annex 1
ORGANIZATION OF THE ESSAY
According to Oviedo (2003)

GENERAL PARTS OF THE ESSAY The introduction is made from a title,

which according to Oviedo (2003) "is done in the form
de pregunta”, no obstante cabe la posibilidad
Title to be carried out based on an opinion, a
hypothesis or a metaphorical thought.
In this section, Vargas (1996) indicates that
Problem statement the important thing is the 'motivation' that consists
INTRODUCTION in capturing the reader's interest.
Distinctions that must be made The introduction states the purpose of
to better understand the writer, the approach to the topic and the
problem organization that will follow the essay. Always
it is important to limit the topic and focus it, it is
to say, to organize it according to a certain
perspective and through a series of
questions.

The aspects that were indicated are developed in the 1

Trends that are emerging introduction. In this section, the author demonstrates
Transitions: they tend to be,
according to Gamboa (n.d.),
his/her organizational and argumentative ability by expressions, words or phrases
Proposals to solve the the proper use of transitions1and the that connect the ideas and the
good handling of logic. arguments of the author and are of
problem fundamental importance both
In this section, a process is carried out. to maintain the logic
DEVELOPMENT
What is required to solve argumentative of the main ideas, secondary of the essay (as they provide fluency the

the problem and peripherals, accompanied by quotes, examples, what the author wants to communicate and

tests and records to support the main thesis they make more clear the
organization of essay),
the
of the essay. in order to guide the reader.
Conditions for the solution

In this section, it should be gathered (or recapped)

the ideas that were presented in the introduction.
Conclusions Moreover, Vargas (1996) adds that it is a
space to review the aspects
CONCLUSION fundamentals of essay development” Oviedo
Conditions to obtain the
(2003) indicates that 'it must be indicated what
conclusion
difficulties remain to be solved.

Recovered [Link]/.../116-guide-for the preparation of an [Link]

17
Annex 2

STRUCTURE OF THE ESSAY

PART OF THE
STRUCTURE CRITERIA OF
VALUATION
It is a suggestive invitation to reading.
Title It is suggestive but also manages to give a clear and precise idea of the topic.
Go beyond simply stating the subject.
Summarize the general idea of the essay.
They are creative and eye-catching,
Paragraph(s) They place the reader in the theme and context of the essay.
introductory Establish the importance of the topic.
Briefly present the points that will be developed in detail in the essay.
Present a clear and direct point of view.
Statement of the point A judgment is perceived in which the author exposes their thoughts.
view or thesis The thesis presents the fundamental stance that the author will develop and defend.
He manages to announce a stance in which he explains, suggests, evaluates, or predicts regarding the central theme.
Provides valid reasoning and examples.
The arguments (analogies, assumptions, quotes, probabilities, etc.) manage to support the central thesis.
Expository body The arguments are convincing or persuasive.
argumentative of the It relies on relevant and representative sources and authors in the field of study.
essay Cohesize the reasoning to give greater fluency and consistency to the argumentation.
Consider the possible rebuttals to your thesis, but provide counterarguments to undermine them.
Concluding paragraph(s) It is consistent with the point of view and the argumentative body.
Summarize the key points of the essay.
Recovered from[Link] Writing/OTHER MATERIALES/Structure%20of%20the%20argumentative%[Link]

The essay must be submitted following these guidelines: font type Arial No. 12, the line spacing must be 1.5 lines, bottom margins,
superior and right 2.54 cm. The text must be justified. The writing must be continuous, that is, avoid placing titles related to the structure.
of the essay: introduction, development, and conclusions.
The bibliography of the essay must include those that you cited within the text, do not include as part of the bibliography those documents.
that you have read for the preparation of the essay. On the contrary, these complementary readings will help you generate ideas that you can
incorporate it into the writing. The bibliographic references must be arranged in alphabetical order, according to APA or UPEL standards.
If you include quotes from authors who discuss the topic in your essay, you must format them according to APA or UPEL standards. You can
consult the regulations at the following addresses:

18
 -APA sixth edition standards. Retrieved from
[Link]
UPEL (2006). Manual for specialization and master's degree theses and doctoral dissertations.
Caracas: FEDUPEL. Recovered from[Link]
-De Nóbrega, J. (2015). Proposal for the unification of criteria regarding: Guidelines
general guidelines for the preparation and presentation of written work.
Summary of standards APA – UPEL (2015). Recovered of
[Link]

Remember:
Number the pages of the essay.
Submit a preliminary version of your written work to the local center advisor so they can verify the progress of your work and review if it meets the requirements.
with the structure of an essay.
After completing your essay, you will submit it to the subject advisor on the date you have agreed upon, and you will present it in a formal manner.
oral.

Even if you write in your own words, when you use concepts derived from the
reading of some author, always provide the reference or references
corresponding. If you don't do it, it would be plagiarism.

Ayora and Iturriaga (2015)

19
Below is a checklist for the essay writing process, so you can review your writing formatively.
before handing it over to the advisor:

No. Elements that must be present in the essay Yes No Observations

1 The title is related to the theme

2 Use of citations according to APA or UPEL standards

3 Include bibliographic references

4 The writing is clear, concise, and concrete.
5 Correct use of spelling and punctuation marks

6 Clearly present the structure of an essay

7 Propose the essay topic
8 Indicate the purpose of the essay
9 Present the sequence of the development of the topic
10 The ideas presented are directly related to the topic.
11 Present personal and coherent contributions.
12 Organize and progress the facts and ideas in a structured manner.
13 Shows understanding and mastery of the topic addressed
14 Summarize the proposed idea and the arguments that were used to
support it
15 Present final reflection on the developed topic

20
 INSTRUMENT FOR SUMMATIVE EVALUATION OF
ESSAY
OBJECTIVE II.2 and IV.3
Correction date
Responsible advisor for the correction
Student data Identity Card
Surnames V
Names E
WEIGHTING
FEATURES TO EVALUATE 0 1 2 3 4 Total score
PRESENTATION
The title relates to the topic
Use of citations according to APA or UPEL standards
Include bibliographic references
The writing is clear, concise, and concrete.
Correct use of spelling and punctuation marks
Clearly present the structure of an essay
INTRODUCTION
Propose the topic of the essay
Indicate the purpose of the essay
Present the sequence of development of the topic
DEVELOPMENT
The ideas presented are directly related to the topic.
Present personal and coherent contributions
Organizes and progresses the facts and ideas
Demonstrates understanding and mastery of the topic addressed
CLOSURE
Summarize the idea presented and the arguments used to support it.
Present a final reflection on the developed topic
Oral presentation of the essay
Maximum score 36 Minimum score 24

A maximum score of thirty-six (36) points is contemplated for the essay corresponding to Objective 1. The minimum passing score of
the objective is twenty-four (24) points.

Instructions for creating summary or synoptic tables

21
 Read and follow the instructions you will find in the following link and create a synoptic chart that synthesizes the central aspects of bioethics.
professional ethics (Objectives 5 and 8): [Link]

INSTRUMENT FOR FORMATIVE EVALUATION OF THE SYNOPTIC CHART

OBJECTIVES III.1 and IV.2

Elements that must be present in the synoptic chart Yes No Observations

The writing is clear, concise, and concrete.
Correct use of spelling and punctuation marks
The ideas presented are directly related to the topic.
Presents personal and coherent contributions
Shows understanding and mastery of the topic addressed

INSTRUMENT FOR THE SUMMATIVE EVALUATION OF THE FRAME

SYNOPTIC
OBJECTIVE II.1
Correction date
Responsible advisor for the correction
Student data Identity Card
Surnames V
Names E
FEATURES TO EVALUATE 0 1 2 3 4 5
The writing is clear, concise, and concrete.
Correct use of spelling and punctuation marks
The ideas presented are directly related to the topic
Presents personal and coherent contributions
Shows understanding and mastery of the topic addressed
Maximum score 19 Minimum score 15

22
 A maximum score of nineteen (19) points is considered for the corresponding synoptic table for Objective 3. The minimum score...
The passing score for the objective is fifteen (15) points.
INSTRUMENT FOR SUMMATIVE EVALUATION OF
ESSAY
OBJECTIVE II.2 and IV.3
Correction date
Responsible advisor for the correction
Student data Identity Card
Surnames V
Names E
WEIGHTING
FEATURES TO EVALUATE 0 1 2 3 4 Total score
PRESENTATION
The title relates to the theme
Use of citations according to APA or UPEL standards
Include bibliographic references
The writing is clear, concise, and concrete.
Correct use of spelling and punctuation marks
Clearly present the structure of an essay
INTRODUCTION
Propose the topic of the essay
Indicate the purpose of the essay
Present the sequence of the development of the topic
DEVELOPMENT
The ideas presented are directly related to the topic.
Present personal and coherent contributions
Organize and progressively establish the facts and ideas.
Demonstrates understanding and mastery of the subject addressed.
CLOSURE
Summarize the proposed idea and the arguments that were used to support it.
Present final reflection on the developed topic
Oral presentation of the essay
Maximum score 36 Minimum score 24

A maximum score of thirty-six (36) points is contemplated for the essay corresponding to Objective 4. The minimum passing score of the
The objective is twenty-four (24) points.

23
 INSTRUMENT FOR SUMMATIVE EVALUATION OF
ESSAY
OBJECTIVE II.2 and IV.3
Correction date
Responsible advisor for correction
Datos del estudiante Identity Card
{"English":"Surnames"} V
Names E
WEIGHTING
FEATURES TO EVALUATE 0 1 2 3 4 Total score
PRESENTATION
The title relates to the topic.
Use of citations according to APA or UPEL standards
Include bibliographic references
The writing is clear, concise, and concrete.
Correct use of spelling and punctuation marks
Clearly present the structure of an essay
INTRODUCTION
Propose the essay topic
State the purpose of the essay
Present the sequence of the development of the topic
DEVELOPMENT
The ideas presented are directly related to the topic.
Presenta aportes personales y coherentes
Establish the facts and ideas in an organized and progressive manner.
Demonstrates understanding and mastery of the subject matter addressed.
CLOSING
Summarize the proposed idea and the arguments used to support it.
Present a final reflection on the developed topic
Oral presentation of the essay
Maximum score 36 Minimum score 24

A maximum score of thirty-six (36) points is considered for the essay corresponding to Objective 5. The minimum passing score of the
the objective is twenty-four (24) points.

24