DevOps Unit wise questions:

UNIT –I:- Introduction

Introduction, Agile development model, DevOps, and ITIL. DevOps process and Continuous
Delivery, Release management, Scrum, Kanban, delivery pipeline, bottlenecks, examples.
PART A:
1) Explain briefly about SDLC?
2) What is waterfall model?
3) What is agile model?
4) Why Devops ?
5) What is Devops?
6) What is IITL?
7) What is continuous development?
8) What is continuous Integration?
9) What is continuous Testing?
10) What is continuous delivery?
11) What is continuous deployment?
12) What is Scrum?
13) What is Kanban?
14) What is Release Management?
PART B:
1) What is the difference between agile and Devops?
2) What are the differences between agile and waterfall model?
3) Explain Devops process flow in detail?
4) What is continuous delivery and how it works?
5) Explain components of delivery pipeline?
UNIT-II:- Software development models and DevOps
DevOps Lifecycle for Business Agility, DevOps, and Continuous Testing. DevOps influence
on Architecture: Introducing software architecture, The monolithic scenario, Architecture
rules of thumb, The separation of concerns, Handling database migrations, Microservices,
and the data tier, DevOps, architecture, and resilience.
PART A:
1) What are different software development lifecycle models?
2) What is datatier in Devops?
3) What is monolithic architecture?
4) What are benefits of monolithic architecture ?
5) What is Business Agility?
PART B:
1) Explain Devops lifecycle iin detail?
2) What are Devops components?
3) Explain about Devops architecture in detail?
4) What are microservices and how does microservices architecture work?
5) Explain architecture rules of thumb?
6) Explain data base migration?
7) What are the advantages of migration tools?
 UNIT-III:- Introduction to project management:
Introduction to project management: The need for source code control, The history of source
code management, Roles and code, source code management system and migrations, Shared
authentication, Hosted Git servers, Different Git server implementations, Docker
intermission, Gerrit, The pull request model, GitLab.
PART A:
1) What is the need for source code control in Devops?
2) What are the roles and codes in devops?
3) What are the benefits of source code management in Devops?
4) What is shared authentication in Devops?
5) What is pull request model in Devops ?

PART B:
1) What is version control, Explain types of version control systems and benefits
of version control systems?
2) What is Gerrit and explain the architecture of gerrit?
3) What is docker intermission and what are the differences between Docker and
machine?
4) Explain gerrit and its architecture?
 UNIT-IV:- Integrating the system

Integrating the system: Build systems, Jenkins build server, Managing build dependencies,
Jenkins plugins, and file system layout, The host server, Build slaves, Software on the host,
Triggers, Job chaining and build pipelines, Build servers and infrastructure as code, Building
by dependency order, Build phases, Alternative build servers, Collating quality measures.

PART A:

1) What is Git plugin?

2) What is managing build dependencies in Devops?
3) What is buildpipelines?
4) What is job chaining?
5) Explain collating Quality measures?
6) What are alternative build servers?

PART B:

1) What is Jenkin and explain its workflow?

2) Explain Jenkin master slave architecture and Jenki applications?
3) What are build slaves in Devops?
4) What is infrastructure as a code in Devops?
5) What are different build phases in Devops ?
 UNIT-V:- Testing Tools and automation and Deployment of the system
Testing Tools and automation: Various types of testing, Automation of testing Pros and cons,
Selenium - Introduction, Selenium features, JavaScript testing, Testing backend integration
points, Test-driven development, REPL-driven development Deployment of the system:
Deployment systems, Virtualization stacks, code execution at the client, Puppet master and
agents, Ansible, Deployment tools: Chef, Salt Stack and Docker.
PART A:
1) What is java script testing?
2) What are the different tools used for backend testing?
3) Explain TDD vs Traditional Testing?
4) What is acceptance TDD and Developer TDD?
5) What is REPL driven development?
6) What is deployment of the system?
7) What is virtualization of the stack?
PART B:
1) What is testing and Explain different types of testing?
2) Pros and cons of testing?
3) What is selenium and Explain selenium features?
4) What are backend integration points and explain backend testing validation?
5) What are advantages and disadvantages of backend testing?
6) What is TTD and how it is performed?
1 What is the primary purpose of a Source Code Management (SCM) system?
b) To track and control changes in the
a) To manage server configuration [ ]
codebase
c) To test applications
d)To handle user authentication
2 Which of the following is a Git server implementation?
a) Puppet [ ]
b) GitLab
c) Ansible d) Jenkins
3 What is Gerrit used for?
[ ]
a) Continuous integration b) Code review and collaboration
c) Container management
d) Build automation
4 In a Jenkins build pipeline, what is the primary objective?

a) Server monitoring b) Job chaining and task automation [ ]

c) File system management

d) Container orchestration
5 Which of the following is a containerization platform?
 a) Docker b) Puppet [ ]

c) Gerrit d) Chef

6 Which testing type ensures that individual modules work as expected?

[ ]
a) System Testing b) Integration Testing

c) Unit Testing d) Regression Testing

7 What is the Puppet Master in a Puppet setup?

[ ]
b) The central control server
a) A database server
d) A build server
c) A test automation tool
8 Which of the following is a configuration management tool?

a) Jenkins b) Git [ ]

c) Ansible d) Docker
9 What does Docker primarily manage?

b) Virtual machines [ ]
a) Continuous deployment pipelines
c) Containers
d) Source code
10 Which phase in a build pipeline involves deploying the application to a production-
like environment?
[ ]
a) Compilation b) Testing

c) Staging d) Monitoring

[1] _____________________systems allow developers to clone the repository to their own local server
or machine so they have the complete history of the project.

[2] ________ refers to the process of transferring data or applications between systems or platforms

[3] ________ authentication allows multiple services to share a common authentication system.

[4] ________ is a Git-based code collaboration tool used for code review.

[5] The ________ is the central server in the Puppet architecture that manages configuration data.

[6] ________ is a CI/CD tool that allows job chaining and build pipelines for software development.

[7] ________ testing ensures that changes in code do not break existing functionality.
 [8] A ________ is a platform-independent containerization tool for deploying and running
applications.

[9] ________ is a configuration management tool that uses YAML files for automation tasks.

[10] ____________________ can be used to increase the efficiency of parallel builds.

Unit 3,4,5 Previous Question papers

[11] Discuss key milestones in the history of source code control.
[12] Explain about Different Git Server Implementations.
[13] Explain the features of GitLab as a DevOps platform. How does it support CI/CD, issue
tracking, and code management?
Define the role of Gerrit in source code review.
[14] Explain the role of a build system in software development?
[15] Explain the features and functionality of Jenkins as a build server.
[16] What is meant by Infrastructure as Code (IaC)? Discuss its relevance in managing build
server environments.
[17] What is job chaining?Explain
[18] Explain the different types of software testing.

[19] What is Selenium?Explain about Pros and cons Of Automation of Testing

[20] Discuss the role of REPLs in enhancing developer productivity.
[21] Explain deployment tools like Chef, SaltStack, Ansible, Docker, Puppet Master and
Agent

Basics of DevOps

1. What does DevOps stand for?

→ Development and Operations.
2. What is the main goal of DevOps?
→ To improve collaboration between development and operations teams and automate software
delivery.
3. Which methodology combines Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment?
→ CI/CD.
4. Name two cultural aspects of DevOps.
→ Collaboration and Continuous Improvement.
5. What are the three main phases of DevOps lifecycle?
→ Continuous Development, Continuous Testing, Continuous Deployment.

2️⃣ Version Control & Source Code Management

6. What is the purpose of Version Control Systems (VCS)?

→ To track changes in code and manage versions collaboratively.
 7. Which command initializes a Git repository?
→ git init.
8. Which command is used to clone a repository?
→ git clone <repo_url>.
9. What is a pull request (PR)?
→ A request to merge code changes from one branch to another.
10. Mention any two Git-based platforms.
→ GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket.

3️⃣ Continuous Integration / Continuous Delivery

11. What is Continuous Integration (CI)?

→ Frequently merging code changes and automatically testing them.
12. What is Continuous Deployment (CD)?
→ Automatically deploying tested code to production.
13. Name one CI/CD tool.
→ Jenkins, GitLab CI, or CircleCI.
14. What is the configuration file for GitLab CI?
→ .[Link].
15. Which Jenkins file defines the CI/CD pipeline?
→ Jenkinsfile.

4️⃣ Containers and Virtualization

16. What is Docker used for?

→ Containerizing applications to run them consistently across environments.
17. Which command creates a Docker image?
→ docker build.
18. What is the default network mode in Docker?
→ Bridge network.
19. Name one difference between virtual machines and containers.
→ Containers share the OS kernel, VMs have separate OS instances.
20. What file defines a Docker image configuration?
→ Dockerfile.

5️⃣ Configuration Management & IaC

21. What does IaC stand for?

→ Infrastructure as Code.
22. Name any two IaC tools.
→ Terraform, Ansible, Chef, Puppet.
23. What language does Ansible use for playbooks?
→ YAML.
24. What is the primary configuration unit in Puppet?
→ Manifest.
 25. Which tool uses the term cookbook and recipe?
→ Chef.

6️⃣ Monitoring & Logging

26. What is the purpose of monitoring in DevOps?

→ To ensure system performance and detect failures early.
27. Name one open-source monitoring tool.
→ Prometheus, Grafana, Nagios, Zabbix.
28. What is log aggregation?
→ Collecting and centralizing logs from multiple systems.
29. What is the ELK Stack used for?
→ Log management (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana).
30. Which metric type measures system resource usage?
→ Performance metrics (CPU, memory, network).

7️⃣ Cloud & Deployment Automation

31. What is CI/CD pipeline automation?

→ Automating build, test, and deploy processes.
32. Which cloud providers support DevOps pipelines?
→ AWS CodePipeline, Azure DevOps, Google Cloud Build.
33. What is a rolling deployment?
→ Gradually replacing old instances with new ones.
34. What is blue-green deployment?
→ Running two environments and switching traffic after testing.
35. What is canary release?
→ Deploying updates to a small subset of users before full rollout.

8️⃣ Collaboration and DevOps Tools

36. Name any two issue tracking tools.

→ Jira, Redmine, Trello, Asana.
37. What does CI/CD stand for?
→ Continuous Integration / Continuous Deployment.
38. Which DevOps tool is used for container orchestration?
→ Kubernetes.
39. What is Helm used for?
→ Managing Kubernetes packages (charts).
40. Which DevOps tool supports pipeline as code?
→ Jenkins, GitLab CI.

9️⃣ Testing Automation

 41. What is Selenium used for?
→ Automating web application testing.
42. What is unit testing?
→ Testing individual code modules.
43. What is test coverage?
→ The percentage of code tested.
44. What does JUnit test framework support?
→ Java-based unit testing.
45. What is test-driven development (TDD)?
→ Writing tests before writing code.

🔟 Miscellaneous / Advanced

46. What is Gerrit used for?

→ Source code review and approval in Git workflows.
47. What is Prometheus used for?
→ Monitoring and alerting system for DevOps.
48. What is Kubernetes pod?
→ The smallest deployable unit in Kubernetes.
49. What is container registry?
→ Repository for storing Docker images.
50. What are the three key pillars of DevOps success?
→ Automation, Collaboration, and Continuous Improvement.

Category Example Topics

Source Control Git, GitLab, Gerrit

CI/CD Jenkins, Pipelines

Containers Docker, Kubernetes

IaC Terraform, Ansible

Testing Selenium, JUnit

Monitoring Prometheus, ELK Stack