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1 The diagram shows a U-tube manometer containing three liquids: mercury, liquid X and liquid Y.
Neither liquid X or liquid Y mixes with mercury.

Which row compares the pressure exerted by liquid X and by liquid Y on the mercury, and the
density of liquid X and the density of liquid Y?

pressure exerted by X and densities of

by Y on the mercury X and of Y

A pressure of X is greater than Y density of X is greater than Y

B pressure of Y is greater than X density of Y is greater than X
C pressure of X and of Y is the same density of X is greater than Y
D pressure of X and of Y is the same density of Y is greater than X

2 Which diagram shows an athlete exerting least pressure on the ground?

A B C D
3 A car tyre runs over a nail which makes a hole in it. The air in the tyre leaks out.

Why does the air leave the tyre?

A The pressure inside the tyre is greater than the pressure outside.
B The pressure inside the tyre is less than the pressure outside.
C The temperature inside the tyre is greater than the temperature outside.
D The temperature inside the tyre is less than the temperature outside.

4 The extension / load graph for a spring is shown. The unstretched length of the spring is 15.0 cm.

3
extension / cm

0
0 1 2 3 4 5
load / N

When an object of unknown weight is suspended on the spring, the length of the spring is
16.4 cm.

What is the weight of the object?

A 0.55 N B 0.67 N C 3.5 N D 4.1 N

5 Gas molecules exert a pressure when they collide with the walls of a container.

Which statement is correct?

A They experience a change in force which exerts a pressure equal to momentum × area on the
walls.

B They experience a change in force which exerts a pressure equal to momentum on the
area
walls.

C They experience a change in momentum which exerts a pressure equal to force × area on the
walls.

D They experience a change in momentum which exerts a pressure equal to force on the
area
walls.

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 ************************** 2019 May/June **************************

6 A spring is suspended from a stand. Loads are added and the extensions are measured.

spring
stand

loads rule

Which graph shows the result of plotting extension against load?

A B

extension extension

0 0
0 load 0 load

C D
length of spring
extension extension

0 0
0 load 0 load
7 A wooden bar is pivoted at its centre so that it can rotate freely. Two equal forces F are applied to the
bar.

In which diagram is the turning effect greatest?

A B

pivot pivot

F F F
F

C D
F
pivot pivot

FF
F

8 Which object is in equilibrium? Equilibrium means that no turning effect and no resultant force.

A B C D
2N 2N

2N 2N 2N
2N

2N 2N
 9 The diagrams show a block of wood on a frictionless surface. In each diagram, the block has two
forces acting on its sides.

E F G H
2N
2N 2N 2N 2N 2N 2N
2N

Which diagrams show the block in equilibrium?

A E, G and H only
B E and F only
C G and H only
D E, F, G and H

10 Four identical submarines P, Q, R and S are lowered from one depth to another in water of a
constant density.

The initial and final depths of each submarine are shown in the diagram.

water surface
submarine submarine
P R
10 m
submarine
S
30 m
submarine
Q
50 m

70 m

Which row is correct for the difference in pressure from the initial to final depth of each submarine?

least change greatest change

in pressure in pressure

A submarines P and Q submarines R and S

B submarines P and Q submarine R only
C submarine P only submarines R and S
D submarine P only submarine R only
11 The diagram shows a simple mercury barometer.

vacuum

glass tube

mercury h

A change is made and the vertical height h of the column increases.

Which change causes this increase?

A A liquid with a lower density than mercury has been used.

B Atmospheric pressure decreases.
C A narrower glass tube is used.
D The glass tube is tilted.

12 The diagram shows a stone suspended on a string under the surface of a liquid. The stone
experiences a pressure caused by the liquid.

string

stone

liquid

What would increase the pressure on the stone?

A decreasing the surface area of the stone

B increasing the mass of the stone
C lowering the stone deeper into the liquid
D using a liquid with a lower density
13 An experiment is done to determine the spring constant for a spring.

Different loads are hung from the spring and its length is measured for each different load. The graph

shows how its length varies with load.

weight of
load / N 4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0

0
0 4 8 12 16 20
length of
spring / cm

What is the value of the spring constant?

A 0.20 N / cm B 0.25 N / cm C 4.0 N / cm D 5.0 N / cm

14 A beam is pivoted at its centre of mass.

It is acted upon by two forces, 10 N and 5.0 N, as shown.

25 cm
15 cm

pivot
10 N 5.0 N

What is the resultant moment about the pivot?

A 25 N cm anticlockwise
B 25 N cm clockwise
C 175 N cm anticlockwise
D 175 N cm clockwise
15 A beam of weight 6.0 N is suspended from two strings P and Q.

String P is 30 cm from the left-hand end of the beam, as shown. String Q is not shown.

2.0 N
string P
30 cm

20 cm
beam

6.0 N
The tension in string P is 2.0 N.

What is the tension in string Q and where is it attached so that the beam is in equilibrium?

A 4.0 N at 10.0 cm from the left-hand end

B 4.0 N at 15.0 cm from the left-hand end
C 6.0 N at 10.0 cm from the left-hand end
D 8.0 N at 7.5 cm from the left-hand end

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 *************************** 2019 October/November ***************************

16 A student measures the length of a spring. She then attaches different weights to the spring. She
measures the length of the spring for each weight.

The table shows her results.

weight / N length / mm

0 520
1.0 524
2.0 528
3.0 533
4.0 537
5.0 540

What is the extension of the spring with a weight of 3.0 N attached to it?

A 4 mm B 5 mm C 12 mm D 13 mm

17 Which statement gives a complete description of any object that is in equilibrium?

A There are no forces acting.

B There is no resultant force.
C There is no resultant force and no resultant turning effect.
D There is no resultant turning effect.

18 The diagram shows a lamp.

lampshade
lower CG
Wider base of support

pole

centre of mass
ground
base

Changing which feature increases the stability of the lamp?

A a larger lampshade
B a longer pole
C a heavier base
D a higher centre of mass
19 A drawing pin (thumb tack) has a sharp point at one end and a flat surface at the other end.

sharp point flat surface

The pin is pushed into a wooden board.

How do the pressure and the force at the sharp point compare with the pressure and the force on the
flat surface?

force at the sharp point pressure at the sharp point

A greater than on the flat surface greater than on the flat surface
B greater than on the flat surface less than on the flat surface
C the same as on the flat surface greater than on the flat surface
D the same as on the flat surface less than on the flat surface

20 The table shows four forces. Each force acts on a different surface.

Which row shows the least pressure?

size of the area of the surface

force / N / m2

A 0.30 0.040
B 10 2.0
C 60 15
D 1200 40
21 What is the unit of the moment of a force?

A N B N / kg C N/m D Nm

22 A metal block of weight W rests on a table. In order to calculate the pressure that the block exerts on
the table, one other quantity must be known.

What is the other quantity?

A the area of contact between the block and the table

B the density of the block
C the mass of the block
D the volume of the block

23 The diagram shows a uniform metre rule. The rule is pivoted at its mid-point. A downward force of
4.0 N acts on the rule at the 5 cm mark. The rule is held by a string at the 30 cm mark. The rule is in
equilibrium.

0 cm mark string metre rule

100 cm mark
5 0
30
pivot

4.0 N

What is the upward force that the string exerts on the rule?

A 0.67 N B 4.0 N C 6.0 N D 9.0 N

24 Two forces P and Q act on a metre rule as shown. The metre rule is pivoted at one end. The rule
starts to rotate in a clockwise direction.

a b metre rule

pivot

P
Which statement is correct?

A P equals Q
B P is less than Q

C (P × a) is equal to (Q × b)

D (P × a) is greater than (Q × (a + b))

25 Pressure is related to force and area.

Which situation cannot be explained using this relationship?

A Using a longer spanner than normal to undo a tight nut.

B Hammering a nail into a piece of wood.

C Tractors using wide tyres in a muddy field.
D A sharp kitchen knife cutting vegetables more easily than a blunt one.

26 An object is 20 cm below the surface of a liquid. The density of the liquid is 1200 kg / m3.

What is the pressure on the object due to the liquid?

A 600 Pa B 2400 Pa C 60 000 Pa D 240 000 Pa

27 A bubble of gas is formed deep under water. The bubble has a volume of 40 cm3 and the
pressure inside the bubble is P.

The bubble rises up through the water. The volume of the bubble increases to 56 cm3 and the
pressure becomes 100 kPa. The temperature of the gas does not change.

What is the initial pressure P ?

A 71 Pa B 71 kPa C 140 Pa D 140 kPa

28 A hook is used to lift a metal plate, as shown.

100 N

hook

50 cm 40 cm

pivot metal plate

An upward force of 100 N is needed to lift the metal plate about the pivot, as shown. What is

the weight W of the metal plate?

A 80 N B 100 N C 180 N D 225 N

29 The density of mercury is 13 600 kg / m3.

What is the pressure at the bottom of a column of mercury that has a height of 75.0 cm?

A 1.02 × 104 Pa

B 1.02 × 105 Pa

C 1.02 × 106 Pa

D 1.02 × 107 Pa

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30 The diagram shows a wooden beam with two forces acting on it.

5.0 N

5.0 N

Which way will the beam move?

A accelerate up the page

B accelerate down the page
C turn anticlockwise
D turn clockwise