B.P.

Mandal College of Engineering

Madhepura, (Bihar) - 852128
Affiliated to
Bihar Engineering University Patna,(Bihar), India
A
Project Report
On
“ENHANCEMENT OF CONCRETE PROPERTIES USING FIBERS”

Submitted by-

Rahul Kumar Rathor

(20101128057)

Under the Supervision

of
Prof. Nishikant Kumar
Assistant Professor
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

B.P. MANDAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING MADHEPURA -852128

August,2024
 B.P. Mandal College of Engineering
Madhepura, (Bihar) - 852128

Affiliated to
Bihar Engineering University Patna,(Bihar), India
A
Project Report
On
“ENHANCEMENT OF CONCRETE PROPERTIES USING FIBERS”

Submitted by-

Rahul Kumar Rathor

(20101128057)

Under the Supervision

of
Prof. Nishikant Kumar
Assistant Professor
CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

B.P. MANDAL COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING MADHEPURA – 852128

August,2024
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the major project entitled “ENHANCEMENT OF CONCRETE
PROPERTY USING FIBERS” which is done by Rahul Kumar Rathor (20101128057) for the
partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of degree of Bachelor of Technology (B. Tech.)
in Civil Engineering is a record of the student’s own work carried out at Department of Civil
Engineering, B. P. Mandal College of Engineering Madhepura, Bihar, under supervision and
guidance of prof. Nishikant Kumar. The matter embodied in this thesis has not been submitted
elsewhere for the award of any other degree or diploma.

External Examiner

Head of Department Project Guide

[Link] Kumar [Link] Kumar
(Assistant Professor) (Assistant Professor)
Department of Civil Engineering Department of civil Engineering
B.P. Mandal College of Engineering, B.P. Mandal College of Engineering,
Madhepura Madhepura

Dated ………………….
Place ………………….

ii
 DECLARATION

I certify that

a. The work contained in this report is original and has been done by own self under the general
supervision of my supervisor/s.

b. The work has not been submitted to any other Institute for degree or diploma.

c. I have followed the Institute norms and guidelines and abide by the regulation as given in the
ethical Code of Conduct of the Institute.

d. Whenever I have used materials (data, theory and text) from other sources, I have given due
credit to them by citing them in the text of the thesis and giving their details in the reference
section.

Name of the student Registration Number Signature

Rahul Kumar Rathor 20101128057

Dated: …………….
Place: ……………..

iii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I feel immense pleasure and privilege to express own deep sense of gratitude,
indebtedness and thankfulness towards my supervisor, Prof. Nishikant Kumar, (Assistant
Professor), Civil Engineering Department for his invaluable guidance, constant supervision,
continuous encouragement and support throughout this work. His suggestions and critical views
have greatly helped me in successful completion of this work.

I would like to thank our Head of Department Prof. Kunal Kumar for his dedication and the
valuable time as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project during the
completion of project.

I want to thank our honourable principal Prof. Arbind Kumar Amar for his dedication and
the valuable time which he has spent with us during the completion of project.

I am really thankful to entire faculty of the Department of Civil engineering for the help and
support, we have got from them.

I feel most obliged to my parents and all my family members for their affection and constant
support for my education and overall well-being.

Lastly, I express thanks to the Almighty for his generous blessings and giving me courage to
complete the project with great satisfaction.

Rahul Kumar Rathor

(20101128057)

Date: …………..

Place: ………….

iv
 ABSTRACT
Concrete is a composite material composed of water, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and
cement. Plain Cement Concrete is brittle and has low tensile strength. This Brittleness can avoid
by adding fiber. Fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is concrete containing fibrous material
which increases its structural integrity. It contains short discrete fibers that are uniformly
distributed and randomly oriented. Addition of fibers to concrete makes it an isotropic material
and converts its brittle behavior to ductile behavior. Fibers include steel fibers, plastic Fiber,
carbon fibers, glass fibers, synthetic fibers and natural fibers, etc. Fibers are usually used in
concrete to control cracking due to plastic shrinkage and to drying shrinkage and also reduce
the permeability of concrete thus reduce bleeding of water. FRC has low impact strength, So
we are using different types of fibers to increase impact strength. A Fiber Reinforced Concrete
(FRC) is formed from a combination of different types of fibers, which differ in material
properties, remain bonded together when added in concrete and retain their identities and
properties.

In a Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC), two or more different types of fibers are rationally
combined to produce a cementitious composite that derives benefits from each of the individual
fibers and exhibits a synergistic response. The main aim of the present experimental
investigation was to use different Weight fractions of plastic fiber and continuously crimped
steel fibers to produce SFRC and PFRC, thus to evaluate its performance under compression,
tension, flexure, shear and impact types of loading. Based on I.S. Code method of mix design,
proportion of different ingredients was obtained to get M25 grade concrete. Samples were
prepared with by varying the weight fraction of fibers from 0.15 to 1.25%. Two different types
of FRC matrices were considered for performance evaluation. The result shows that
replacement of optimum steel content with 1% Plastic yields improved strength.

Key Words: Concrete, mix design, slum test, flexural strength, split tensile test, compression
test, steel fiber, plastic fiber.

v
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page

Certificate ii

Declaration iii

Acknowledgements iv

Abstract v

Table of Contents vi-vii

List of figures viii

List of Tables ix

Notation x

1. Introduction 1-7

1.1 General

1.2 Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC)

1.3 Types of fibre reinforced concrete (FRC)

1.3.1 Steel Fibers reinforced concrete

1.3.2 Plastic Fibers Reinforced Concrete

1.4 Objective

1.5 Scope

2. Literature Review 8-9

3. Methodology of Work 10-20

3.1 General

3.2 Material used

3.2.1 Plastic Fibre

vi
 3.2.2 Steel fibre

3.2.3 Mix of Steel and Plastic fibre

3.3 Material properties

3.4 Mix proportion

3.5 Test apparatus

4. Test Conduct on Materials 21-33

4.1 Workability Test

4.2 Compressive Test

4.3 Split Tensile Test

4.4 Flexural Strength

5. Future scope 34-36

5.1 Steel fibre

5.2 Plastic fibre

6. Results and Conclusion 37-40

7. Discussion 41-43

8. References 44-45

vii
 List of Figure
Figure 1: Ingredient of concrete

Figure 2: Ductility behaviour of concrete after using fibres

Figure 3: Different types of Fibre

Figure 4: Gradient curve of aggregate

Figure 5: Investigation by faculty during work

Figure 6: Mixing of plastic fibre concrete

Figure 7: Slump test

Figure 8: Compression test

Figure 9: Split tensile test

Figure 10: Flexural test

Figure 11: Compression test data

Figure 12: Flexural strength variation of HFRC

Figure 13: Load vs time curve for normal concrete

Figure 14: Load vs time curve of steel reinforced concrete

Figure 15: Load vs time curve of plastic fibre reinforced concrete

Figure 16: Load vs time curve of mix fibre reinforced concrete

viii
 List of Table

Table 1: properties of cement

Table 2: Properties Of Fine Aggregate

Table 3: properties of coarse aggregate

Table 4: properties of steel fibres

Table 5: mix proportion for conventional concrete grade M25

Table 6: Details of test specimens

Table 7: cube compressive strength for SFRC specimens

Table 8: Flexural strength of SFRC

Table 9: split tensile strength

ix
 NOTATIONS

MEANING
SYMBOL

T Temperature

SP Special Publication

t Time

°C Degree Celsius

α Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

E Elastic Modulus

σ Stress

F.A Fine aggregate

C.A Coarse aggregate

mm Milli metre

S Specific Gravity

W/C Water Cement ratio

kg Kilogram

SFRC Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete

FRC Fibre Reinforced Concrete

PFRC Plastic Fiber Reinforced Concrete

PPC Portland Pozzolanic Cement

ASTM American Society of tools and machine