NAME: - Atulya Singh
ROLL NO.: -25CSU303
GROUP: - CS11
SECTION: - F
SUBJECT: - MATHEMATICS
INDEX
S. TOPIC PAGE DATE SIGNATURE
NO NO. SUBMITTED
1. MATRIX 1-4 9/11/25
2. GAUSS JORDAN 5-9 12/11/25
3. PARTIAL 10 10/11/25
4. CIRCLE 11-12 9/11/25
5. DIFFERENTIATIVES 13-14 9/11/25
6. CERTIFICATES 15-19 12/11/25
%Practical 1
% how to enter a matrix,algebra of matrices;addition, subtraction and
% different ways of matrix multiplication ,determinant, inverse,row and
% column operations, echeleon form , rank of matrix
clc;
clear all;
A = [1 2 3;4 2 1;1 3 5]
B = [2 1 1;3 4 2;2 1 2]
C = A + B %addition
D = A - B %subtraction
E = A*B %multiplication
F = A.*B %rowmultiplication
G = det(A) %determinant
H = det(B)
I = inv(A) %inverse
J = inv(B)
K = rank(A) %rank
L = rank(B)
M = rref(A) %row reduced echlor form
N = rref(B)
% extracting
row2 = A(2,:)
% extracting the second column
col2 = A(:,3)
%swapping of rows
A([1 2],:) = A([2 1],:)
%scaling a row
A(1,:) = 2 * A(1,:)
1
A =
1 2 3
4 2 1
1 3 5
B =
2 1 1
3 4 2
2 1 2
C =
3 3 4
7 6 3
3 4 7
D =
-1 1 2
1 -2 -1
-1 2 3
E =
14 12 11
16 13 10
21 18 17
F =
2 2 3
12 8 2
2 3 10
G =
-1.0000
H =
I =
2
-7.0000 1.0000 4.0000
19.0000 -2.0000 -11.0000
-10.0000 1.0000 6.0000
J =
1.2000 -0.2000 -0.4000
-0.4000 0.4000 -0.2000
-1.0000 0 1.0000
K =
L =
M =
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
N =
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
row2 =
4 2 1
col2 =
3
1
5
A =
4 2 1
1 2 3
1 3 5
3
A =
8 4 2
1 2 3
1 3 5
4
%practical 2
%Solution of linear equation: Gauss-Jordan and Gauss elimination method,
%how to find out Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of a matrix
clc;
clear all;
A=[1 -1 1; 2 1 -3; 1 1 1]
B= [4; 0; 2]
X=inv(A)*B
X1=A\B
%Use a suitable of row operation on B to bring B to upper triangular Form
%and lower triangular Form
B= [1 -1 0; 2 3 1; 4 1 5]
C=triu(B)
D=tril(B)
E= [1 1 2 -1; 2 5 -1 -9; 2 1 -1 3; 1 -3 2 7]
F= [3; -3; -11; -5]
Y1=inv(E)*F
Y2=E\F
%Verify for matrices G and H that inv(GH)= inv(H)*inv(G)
G=[1 2 3; 2 1 3; 3 2 1]
H= [5 6 7; 6 5 7; 7 6 5]
Z1= inv(G*H)
Z2=inv(H)*inv(G)
%Gauss-Jordan Elimination Method:
% Input matrix I and vector j (Augmented matrix [I | j])
I= [2 -1 1; 3 3 9; 3 3 5]
j= [2; -1; 4]
Aug= [I j];% Augmented Matrix
[n,m] = size(Aug);
%Gauss-Jordan elimination
for i = 1:n
% Make the diagonal element 1
Aug(i, :) = Aug(i, :) / Aug(i, i);
% Make other elements in the column 0
for j = 1:n
if i ~= j
Aug(j, :) = Aug(j, :) - Aug(i, :) * Aug(j, i);
end
end
end
% Display Results
disp('The reduced row echolen form is:');
disp(Aug);
% Extract the solution vector from the augmented matrix:
solution = Aug(:, end);
disp('The solution system is:');
disp(solution);
5
% Find Sigma Values and eigenvectors:
[V,D] = eig(A)
% D is a diagonal matrix with eigenvalues
% V contains eigenvectors as a column
disp('Eigenvalues:');
disp(diag(D));
disp('Eigenvectors:');
disp(V);
A =
1 -1 1
2 1 -3
1 1 1
B =
4
0
2
X =
2
-1
1
X1 =
2
-1
1
B =
1 -1 0
2 3 1
4 1 5
C =
1 -1 0
0 3 1
6
0 0 5
D =
1 0 0
2 3 0
4 1 5
E =
1 1 2 -1
2 5 -1 -9
2 1 -1 3
1 -3 2 7
F =
3
-3
-11
-5
Y1 =
-5
2
3
0
Y2 =
-5.0000
2.0000
3.0000
-0.0000
G =
1 2 3
2 1 3
3 2 1
H =
5 6 7
6 5 7
7 6 5
7
Z1 =
0.4074 -0.3148 -0.0833
-0.5926 0.6852 -0.0833
0.1574 -0.3148 0.1667
Z2 =
0.4074 -0.3148 -0.0833
-0.5926 0.6852 -0.0833
0.1574 -0.3148 0.1667
I =
2 -1 1
3 3 9
3 3 5
j =
2
-1
4
The reduced row echolen form is:
1.0000 0 0 2.2222
0 1.0000 0 1.1944
0 0 1.0000 -1.2500
The solution system is:
2.2222
1.1944
-1.2500
V =
-0.7845 + 0.0000i -0.0845 + 0.3684i -0.0845 - 0.3684i
0.1961 + 0.0000i 0.8452 + 0.0000i 0.8452 + 0.0000i
-0.5883 + 0.0000i 0.0845 - 0.3684i 0.0845 + 0.3684i
D =
2.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i
0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.5000 + 2.1794i 0.0000 + 0.0000i
0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.0000 + 0.0000i 0.5000 - 2.1794i
Eigenvalues:
8
2.0000 + 0.0000i
0.5000 + 2.1794i
0.5000 - 2.1794i
Eigenvectors:
-0.7845 + 0.0000i -0.0845 + 0.3684i -0.0845 - 0.3684i
0.1961 + 0.0000i 0.8452 + 0.0000i 0.8452 + 0.0000i
-0.5883 + 0.0000i 0.0845 - 0.3684i 0.0845 + 0.3684i
9
%practical 3
clc;
clear all;
syms x y
% define the function
f = x^2 * y + y^3;
%first order partial derivatives
fx = diff(f,x)
fy = diff(f,y);
% second order partial derivatives
fxx = diff(fx,x);
fyy = diff(fy,y);
fxy = diff(fx,y);
% Display symbolic derivatives
disp('first order partial derivatives:');
disp(['df/dx = ', char(fxx)]);
disp(['df/dy = ', char(fyy)]);
disp('second order partial derivatives:');
disp(['d^2f/dx^2 = ', char(fxy)]);
disp(['d^2f/dy^2 = ', char(fxy)]);
disp(['d^2f/dxdy = ', char(fxy)]);
fx =
2*x*y
first order partial derivatives:
df/dx = 2*y
df/dy = 6*y
second order partial derivatives:
d^2f/dx^2 = 2*x
d^2f/dy^2 = 2*x
d^2f/dxdy = 2*x
10
%practial 4
clc;
clear all;
syms x
syms y
%f= -4+8*x^2+4*x^3;
% fplot(f)
% parabola
%x = [-1: 01: 1];
%y = x.^2
%plot (x,y,'r')
% multiple plots
%x=[-10: .01: 10];
%y1=sin(x)
%y2=cos(x)
%plot(x,y1,'r',x,y2,'g')
%sin x graph
x=[-10: .01: 10];
y=sin(x)
plot(x, y, 'r')
xlabel('x axis');
ylabel('y axis');
title('Graph of sin(x)');
r=5
theta = linspace(0, 2*pi, 100);
x = r * cos(theta);
y = r * sin(theta);
plot(x, y);
axis('equal')
11
12
%practical 5
clc;
clear;
% Define symbolic variables
syms x y;
% Define the function
%f = x^3 - 3*x*y^2;
%f x*y+9/x+3/y;
f=x.^3+y.^3-3*x-12*y+20;
% Compute first order partial derivative
fx = diff(f,x);
fy = diff(f,y);
% solve for stationary points
[solx,soly] = solve([fx == 0,fy == 0],[x,y]);
% display stationary points
disp("stationary points:");
points = [solx,soly]
%compute second order derivatives
fxx = diff(fx, x);
fyy = diff(fy, y);
fxy = diff(fx, y);
%loop through stationary points
for i = 1:length(solx)
x0 = double(solx(i));
y0 = double(soly(i));
%evaluate second order derivatives at point
D = double(subs(fxx,[x,y],[x0,y0]))*double(subs(fyy,[x,y],[x0,y0]))
-double(subs(fxy,[x,y],[x0,y0]))^2;
fxx_val = double(subs(fxx,[x,y],[x0,y0]));
fprintf('\nPoint(%.2f,%.2f):' ,x0,y0);
if D >0
if fxx_val > 0
end
end
end
stationary points:
13
points =
[-1, -2]
[ 1, -2]
[-1, 2]
[ 1, 2]
D =
72
Point(-1.00,-2.00):
D =
-72
Point(1.00,-2.00):
D =
-72
Point(-1.00,2.00):
D =
72
Point(1.00,2.00):
14
