MEMBERSHIP
FUNCTIONS
Membership Function
• The curve representing the mathematical function is
a membership function that determines the degree of
belonging of member x to the fuzzy set T.
• Maps elements of a fuzzy set to real numbered values
in the interval 0 to 1.
CRISP MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS
Crisp membership functions () are either one or zero.
Consider the example: Numbers greater than 10. The membership
curve for the set A is given by
REPRESENTING A DOMAIN IN FUZZY LOGIC
FUZZY MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS
Linguistic Variable
A variable whose values are words or sentences in
natural language.
Example 1: Temperature is linguistic variable if it takes
values hot, cool, warm, comfortable etc.
Example 2: the values of the fuzzy variable height could
be tall, very tall, very very tall, somewhat tall, not
very tall, tall but not very tall, quite tall, more or less
tall.
LINGUISTIC VARIABLE
Let x be a linguistic variable with the label “speed”.
Terms of x, which are fuzzy sets, could be “positive low”, “negative
high” from the term set T:
T = {PostiveHigh, PositiveLow, NegativeLow,
NegativeHigh, Zero}
Each term is a fuzzy variable defined on the base variable which
might be the scale of all relevant velocities.
MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS
FEATURES OF MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS
core(A) is set of all points x in X such that {(x∣ µA(x) =1 }
Support(A) is set of all points x in X such that {(x∣ µA(x) > 0 }
Boundary (A) is set of all points x in X such that {(x∣ 0≺µA(x) ≺ 1 }
Core of a fuzzy set may be an empty set.
Fuzzy set whose support is a single point in X with µA(x) =1 is called
fuzzy singleton
CORE:
SUPPORT:
BOUNDARY:
Normal and subnormal fuzzy set
• Normal fuzzy set : whose membership function has
atleast one element in the universe whose membership
value is unity.
• Prototypical element : the element for which the
membership is equal to 1.
• Subnormal fuzzy set: whose membership function has no
element in the universe whose membership value is unity.
Convex and non convex fuzzy set
• Convex fuzzy set has a membership function whose
membership values are strictly monotonically increasing or
strictly monotonically decreasing or strictly monotonically
increasing than strictly monotonically decreasing with
increasing values for the elements in the universe.
Nonconvex fuzzy set: possessing the characteristics opposite to the convex
fuzzy set.
FEATURES OF MEMBERSHIP FUNCTIONS
• Crossover point of a fuzzy set A is a
point x in X such that {(x∣ µA(x) = 0.5 }
• There can be more than one crossover
point in a fuzzy set.
• Height of fuzzy set : maximum value of
the membership function.
• For a normal fuzzy set, height =1
• For a subnormal fuzzy set, height < 1
Fuzzification
The process of transforming crisp(bivalued) input values
into linguistic values is called fuzzification
Steps of Fuzzification:
Step 1: Input values are translated into linguistic
concepts, which are represented by fuzzy set.
Step 2: Membership functions are applied to the
measurements, and the degree of membership is
determined
FUZZIFICATION
Use crisp inputs from the user.
Determine membership values for all the relevant classes (i.e., in
right Universe of Discourse).
EXAMPLE - FUZZIFICATION
FUZZIFICATION OF HEIGHT
FUZZIFICATION OF WEIGHT
REPRESENTING FUZZY LOGIC IN CONTINUS DOMAIN
Membership functions for fuzzy logic can be described through continuous
functions.
Different shapes of membership functions exist for example: triangular,
trapezoidal, curved etc.
REPRESENTING FUZZY LOGIC IN CONTINUS DOMAIN
21
The set B of numbers approaching 2 can be represented by the
membership function
