FRAGILITY ANALYSIS

OF
RCC BUILDING
PRESENTED BY:
SONIK PRADHAN
074 MEEQ 17
FRAGILITY ANALYSIS

 Statistical tool representing the probability of exceeding a given

damage state (or performance) as a function of an engineering
demand parameter that represents the ground motion (preferably
spectral displacement at a given frequency)
 Plot between earthquake intensity and damage grade in terms of
the conditional cumulative probability of reaching a certain
damage state.
PROBABILITY OF BEING OR EXCEEDING
A DAMAGE STATE-HAZUS-MH MR3
 For structural damage, given spectral displacement Sd, the
probability of being in or exceeding a damage state, ds is modeled
as:

– Sd,ds is median value of spectral displacement at which building

reaches threshold of damage state, ds
– βds is standard deviation of natural logarithm of spectral
displacement of damage state,
– Φ is standard normal cumulative distribution function
CALCULATION OF SPECTRAL
DISPLACEMENT -Sd
1. Time history analysis of selected building from past earthquake data
2. Select Target spectrum
3. Match time history data with target spectrum
4. Time history data is scaled to 10 different level
5. Determine Peak Displacement of structure from all time history
6. Plot graph of peak displacement and corresponding acceleration
7. Fit the curve of graph and find spectral displacement for required PGA
1. Time history analysis of a
Residential Building using
Gorkha Earthquake data.
Peak Ground Acceleration-PGA
Gorkha Earthquake used for the time history analysis of building
Parameters
Max Aceleration (g) 0.15655
Max Velocity (cm/sec) 36.67622
Max Displacement (cm) 67.66489
Vmax/Amax (sec) 0.23881
Acceleration RMS (g) 0.01961
Velocity RMS (cm/sec) 5.27729
Displacement RMS (cm) 12.97524
Arias Intensity 0.59228
Characteristic Intensity 0.02745
Specific Energy Density (cm2/sec) 2784.97814
Cum. Abs. Velocity (cm/sec) 1135.50363
Acc Spectrum Intensity (g*sec) 0.15027
Vel Spectrum Intensity (cm) 57.15140
Sustained [Link] (g) 0.13005
Sustained [Link] (cm/sec)24.53173
Effective Design Acceleration (g) 0.15805
Predominant Period (sec) 0.26000
Significant Duration (sec) 38.22000
TIME HISTORY DATA-GORKHA
EARTHQUAKE
2. Select Target spectrum
TARGET SPECTRUM- IS 1893:2002
3. Match time history data
with target spectrum
TIME HISTORY MATCHING-SEISMOMATCH
2018
4. Time history data is scaled
to 10 different levels
TIME HISTORY MATCHED SCALED
PARAMETER
Max Acceleration (g)
 Scale 1 0.10395
 Scale 2 0.1219
 Scale 3 0.14341
 Scale 4 0.48302
 Scale 5 0.60378
 Scale 6 0.72453
 Scale 7 0.84529
 Scale 8 0.96604
 Scale 9 1.0868
 Scale 10 1.20756
BUILDING SELECTION
 Building type :Residential (C1M)
 Structural System :RCC
 Number of storey : 2.5
 Floor Height :10’
 Column :12”*12”
 Beam :9”*14”
 Plinth Area :1227.33 [Link].
 Length :46’-2”
 Width :27’-0”
 Wall :9” & 4”
 Concrete Grade :M20
 Steel Grade :Fe 500
STRUCTURAL MODEL & LOADING-
ETABS-2016.2.1

 Beam, column as Line Element

 Slab as shell element
 Dead Load as per IS 875 part I
 Live load as per IS 875 part II
 Earthquake Loading IS 1893:2002
TIME HISTORY LOAD CASE IN ETABS

...
 5. Determine Peak
Displacement of structure
from all time history
STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
MAXIMUM ACCELERATION CORRESPONDING TO
TTME PERIOD COREESPONDING TOMAXIMUM
DISPLACEMENT

Time (s) Acc (g) Time (s) Vel (cm/sec) Disp (cm)

0 0 0 0 0

0.01 0.00013 0.01 0.00064 0

0.02 -0.00002 0.02 0.00117 0.00001

0.03 -0.00002 0.03 0.00095 0.00002

0.04 0.00009 0.04 0.00129 0.00003

0.05 -0.00002 0.05 0.00163 0.00005

34.28 0.0314 34.28 -0.88905 -5.73717

34.29 0.02516 34.29 -0.61164 -5.74463

34.3 0.01191 34.3 -0.42982 -5.74973

34.31 -0.00889 34.31 -0.41498 -5.75378

34.32 -0.01943 34.32 -0.55391 -5.75854

34.33 -0.01417 34.33 -0.71876 -5.76494

6. Plot graph of peak
displacement and
corresponding
acceleration
MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT AND
CORRESPONDING ACCELERATION
FROM ETABS
Displacement

PGA Gorkha

0.01191 2.971149

-0.0186 2.94971

-0.0312 2.857972

0.03436 11.602

0.04295 14.5025

0.05153 17.4029

0.06012 20.3035

0.06871 23.30397

0.0773 26.10449

0.08589 29.00489
7. Fit the curve of graph and
find spectral
displacement for required
PGA
MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT VS CORRESPONDING PGA
DAMAGE STATE-EMS-98

 Slight Damage:
– no structural damage, slight non structural damage
 Moderate Damage:
– slight structural damage, moderate non structural damage
 Substantial to heavy damage:
– moderate structural damage, heavy non structural damage
 Very heavy damage:
– heavy structural damage, very heavy non structural damage
 Destruction:
– very heavy structural damage
HAZUS Damage Grade

• Slight Structural Damage: Diagonal (sometimes horizontal) hairline

cracks on most infill walls; cracks at frame-infill interfaces.
• Moderate Structural Damage: Most infill wall surfaces exhibit larger
diagonal or horizontal cracks; some walls exhibit crushing of brick
around beam-column connections. Diagonal shear cracks may be
observed in concrete beams or columns.
• Extensive Structural Damage: Most infill walls exhibit large cracks;
some bricks may dislodge and fall; some infill walls may bulge out-of-
plane; few walls may fall partially or fully; few concrete columns or
beams may fail in shear resulting in partial collapse. Structure may
exhibit permanent lateral deformation.
• Complete Structural Damage: Structure has collapsed or is in
imminent danger of collapse due to a combination of total failure of
the infill walls and nonductile failure of the concrete beams and
columns.
 Capacity Displacement mm (Sc) Displacement (mm),Sd

PGA(g) Gorkha (Sd)

Slight Moderate Extensive Complete
0 0 0 0 0 0
0.05 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 17.8747
0.1 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 29.7272
0.15 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 41.5797
0.2 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 53.4322
0.25 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 65.2847
0.3 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 77.1372
0.35 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 88.9897
0.4 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 100.8422
0.45 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 112.6947
0.5 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 124.5472
0.55 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 136.3997
0.6 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 148.2522
0.65 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 160.1047
0.7 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 171.9572
0.75 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 183.8097
0.8 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 195.6622
0.85 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 207.5147
0.9 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 219.3672
0.95 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 231.2197
1 7.6454 16.383 71.374 131.826 243.0722
PROBABILITY OF FAILURE
Probability of failure
Gorkha

Slight Moderate Extensive Complete

0 0 0 0
0.90775 0.55415 0.0152569 0.0009
0.98307 0.82406 0.0855702 0.00998
0.99593 0.9272 0.1992642 0.0357
0.99881 0.96764 0.3254994 0.07912
0.9996 0.98462 0.4445918 0.1361
0.99985 0.99226 0.5482857 0.2012
0.99994 0.99591 0.6348277 0.26961
0.99997 0.99774 0.705414 0.33774
0.99999 0.99871 0.7622843 0.40323
0.99999 0.99924 0.8078289 0.46464
1 0.99954 0.844222 0.52125
1 0.99971 0.8733059 0.57279
1 0.99982 0.8965858 0.61931
1 0.99988 0.9152675 0.66102
1 0.99992 0.930306 0.69826
1 0.99995 0.942454 0.7314
1 0.99996 0.9523031 0.76082
1 0.99997 0.9603187 0.7869
1 0.99998 0.9668667 0.81001
1 0.99999 0.9722363 0.83048
FRAGILITY CURVE
1.00

0.90

0.80

0.70

0.60
Probability

0.50
Slight
0.40 Moderate

Extensive
0.30
Complete

0.20

0.10

0.00
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1
PGA(g)
CONCLUSION
 Probability of slightly damage of structure by 0.16g is 99%.
 Probability of moderately damage of structure by 0.16g is 95%.
 Probability of extensively damage of structure by 0.16g is 20%.
 Probability of completely damage of structure by 0.16g is 5%.
THANK YOU