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Understanding Compound Data Types

Tuples are immutable ordered sequences that can contain mixed data types and are accessed using indexes. Tuples are commonly used to return multiple values from functions and to swap variable values. Lists are mutable ordered sequences that can contain mixed data types and are accessed using indexes. List elements can be modified, added to, or removed from the list. Dictionaries contain key-value pairs and are defined using curly braces. Values in a dictionary are accessed using their associated key. Arrays provide constant time access to elements stored in contiguous memory locations that are indexed by integers.

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99 views17 pages

Understanding Compound Data Types

Tuples are immutable ordered sequences that can contain mixed data types and are accessed using indexes. Tuples are commonly used to return multiple values from functions and to swap variable values. Lists are mutable ordered sequences that can contain mixed data types and are accessed using indexes. List elements can be modified, added to, or removed from the list. Dictionaries contain key-value pairs and are defined using curly braces. Values in a dictionary are accessed using their associated key. Arrays provide constant time access to elements stored in contiguous memory locations that are indexed by integers.

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argwaa fompi
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Compounded Data Types

TUPLES
• an ordered sequence of elements, can mix element types
• cannot change element values, immutable
• represented with parentheses

t = ()
t = (2,"mit",3)
t[0]  2
t[1:2]  (“mit”)
t[1:3]  (“mit”,3)
len(t)  3
t[1]=4  gives error, can’t modify object
• conveniently used to swap variable values
(x, y) = (y, x)

• used to return more than one value from a function

def quotient_and_remainder(x, y):


q = x / y
r = x % y
return (q, r)

(quot, rem) = quotient_and_remainder(4,5)


Iterating through Tuples
• t=(1, ‘Ajay’, 2.423)

for item in t: for index, item in enumerate(t):


print(item) print(index, item)

Output:
Output: 0 1
1 1 Ajay
Ajay 2 2.423
2.423
Lists
• ordered sequence of information, accessible by index
• a list is denoted by square brackets, []
• a list contains elements
• usually homogeneous (i.e, all integers)
• can contain mixed types (not common)
• list elements can be changed so a list is mutable
list = []
list = [2, ‘a’, 3.2,[1,2]]
len(list)  4
list[0]  2
list[0:3] 2, ‘a’, 3.2

list[1:] ‘a’, 3.2, [1,2]

list[:-1] 2,‘a’, 3.2

list[0]+5 7

i=2
‘a’
list[i-1]
CHANGING ELEMENTS

• lists are mutable!

• assigning to an element at an index changes the value


L = [2, 1, 3]
L[1] = 5

• L is now [2, 5, 3], note this is the same object L


ITERATING OVER A LIST
L=[1,2,3,4,5]

total = 0 total = 0
for i in L: for i in range(len(L)):
total += i total += L[i]
print(total) print(total)
OPERATIONS ON LISTS
• Add elements
L=[2,1,3,4,3]
[Link] (5)
L is now [2,1,3,4,3,5]

• Remove elements
del(L[1])  [2,3,4,3,5]
[Link] ()  5
[Link](2)  [3,4,3,5]
[Link](3)  [4,3,5]
ALIASES
a=[1, ‘Vishal’, 56] Output:
b=a 56
[Link]() [1, ‘Vishal’]
print(a) [1, ‘Vishal’]
print(b)
CLONING A LIST
a=[1, ‘Vishal’, 56] Output:
b=a[:] 56
[Link]() [1, ‘Vishal’]
print(a) [1, ‘Vishal’,56]
print(b)
DICTIONARY
• Student
Name: Vishal
Age: 20
Course: [‘Math’, ‘Physics’]

• Key Value Pair


• Defined in {}
• Values separated by ‘:’
Student={‘Name’: ‘Vishal’, ‘Age’: 20, ‘Course’:[‘Math’, ‘Physics’]}

print(Student[‘Name’])

Output:
Vishal

UPDATES VALUES
[Link]({‘Name’: ‘Vishal’, ‘Age’: 20, ‘Course’:[‘Math’, ‘Physics’]}}

REMOVING VALUES
[Link](‘Age’)
[Link]()
[Link]()
[Link]()
ARRAYS
• Contiguous area of memory broken down into equal sized elements
indexed by contiguous integers.
• Constant time access
import array
arrayName = array(typecode, [Initializers])
• array1 = array. array ('i', [10,20,30,40,50])
• [Link](1,60)
• [Link](40)

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