Defining Networks
with the OSI model
Objective
Key terms
• Address Resolution Protocol • Transmission Control
• ARP table Protocol
• Inbound ports • User Datagram Protocol
• Internet Protocol • Virtual LAN
• Layer 3 switch
• MAC
• Outbound ports
• Port
Understanding OSI Basic
- The Open Systems Interconnecton (OSI) model
is used to define how data communication
occurs on computer networks.
- This model is divided into layers, each of
which provides services to the layers above
and below.
- These layers are associated with protocols and
devices.
Layers in the OSI Model
• The OSI model was created as a set of seven
layers or levels, each of witch houses different
protocols within one of several protocol
suites, the most common of which is a TCP/IP.
Layer 1 – Physical layer
• Describes electrical and
physical specification for
devices
• Cable, connectors, hubs,
repeaters
• Data is called Bits
Layer 2 – Data link layer (DLL)
• Provides connection
between hosts on the
same network
– Ethernet
– MAC addresses
• Datagrams are called
Frames
Layer 3 – Network layer
• Network Layer
– Provides connection
between hosts on diffrent
network
• IPv4 and IPv6
– Routing of packets
– Datagrams are called
Packets
Layer 4 – Transport layer
• Provides transparent
transfer of data
– TCP and UDP
• End-to-end connection
• Reliability
• Flow control
• Datagram are called
Segments
Layer 5 – Session layer
• Control the dialog betwen
computer
• Control duplexing,
termination, and restarts
• Datagram are called Upper
Layer Data
Layer 6 – Presentation layer
• Provides a context for
communication betwen
layers
– ASCII Characters
• Encryption and decryption
• Compression
• Datagram are called Upper
Layer Data
Layer 7 - Application layer
• Network application
– Mail
– Web
– File Transfer
– Management
– Remote connection
– Datagram are called Upper
Layer Data
OSI Model
Defining the TCP/IP model
• TCP/IP or DoD or Internet model
– Layer 1 - Data link layer
– Layer 2 - Network layer
– Layer 3 - Transport layer
– Layer 4 – Application layer
TCP/IP Model vs OSI Model
Exercise 1
• Define the physical layer by showing a data
transfer
– Speed test
Exercise 2
• Define the data link layer by showing the MAC
address of a network adapter
– cmd
– ipconfig /all (find MAC addresss)
Exercise 3
• Define the network by using ipconfig, ping and
protocol analyzers
– ipconfig
– apr –a
– ping
Exercise 4
• Define layer 2 and layer 3 switches
– MAC table
– MAC Flood
– Virtual LAN - VLAN
Ports
Inbound/Outbounds port
Ports and associated protocols
Ports and associated protocols
Ports and associated protocols
Exercise 5
• Define the transport and session layer
– Netstat (show basic connection)
– Netstat –a (show in depth TCP and UDP
connection)
– Netstat –an (show TCP and UDP connection
numerically
Exercise 6
• Define the sesion and presentaction layer
Exercise 7
• Define the application layer
The OSI model layer and
corresponding components
