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FPGA: History, Pros, and Cons

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) were introduced in 1985 and allow users to configure logic structures after manufacturing. An FPGA contains an array of programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can implement combinational and sequential logic functions. FPGAs provide advantages like low power consumption, upgradeability via software, and lower costs compared to hardware replacement. However, FPGAs also have limitations like higher costs for new chip fabrication and size constraints.

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221 views11 pages

FPGA: History, Pros, and Cons

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) were introduced in 1985 and allow users to configure logic structures after manufacturing. An FPGA contains an array of programmable logic blocks and interconnects that can implement combinational and sequential logic functions. FPGAs provide advantages like low power consumption, upgradeability via software, and lower costs compared to hardware replacement. However, FPGAs also have limitations like higher costs for new chip fabrication and size constraints.

Uploaded by

anupnaskar naskar
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Field Programmable Gate

Array(FPGA)

SUBMITTED
Debosmita Dey(15602817011 of 2017-18)

Anup Naskar(171560110044 of 2017 -2018)


Manish [Link]( )
Rajdee Ghosh( )
Brief history
the invention of the very first
computers in the 1940's and 1950's
A Xilinx co-founder, Ross Freeman, invented
the field programmable gate array in 1984
FPGA come after many earlier devices
Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
 Introduced in 1985 by XILINX Company.
 Since then many different companies developed it: Actel, Altera, Algotronix,
Quick Logic, AMD, Cross Point Solutions etc.
 PLAs: 100s of gate equivalents
 FPGAs: 1000-few hundred 1000s gates
 Logic blocks(CLB)
 Implement combinational
and sequential logic
 Interconnect
 Wires to connect inputs and
outputs to logic blocks
 I/O blocks
 Special logic blocks at
periphery of device for
external connections
Field-Programmable Gate Array
(FPGA)
⮚An array of programmable logic blocks connected
with programmable interconnects.
⮚A device in which the logic structure can be
directly configured by the end user without the use
of an IC fabrication facility.
⮚ A device who's function is specified by the user after
the device is manufactured.
⮚FPGAs can have medium-to-high capacity(equivalent
to that of thousands to millions of logic gates).
⮚Speed: up to 200MHz or more.
Structure of a FPGA
CLB(Configurable Logic Blocks)
Number of ways defining CLB that it varies from simple
AND gate to very complex structure consisting MUX or
LUT & so many PLA kind structure.
FPGA LOGIC BLOCK

4-input look up table


(LUT)
 Implements
combinational logic
functions

 Register
Optionally stores output
of LUT
"Pros" and "Cons"

Pros
Low power consumption; ideal for portable electronics
devices.
Upgradeable using software, instead of extensive
hardware replacement .
Low cost of overhead .
Sometimes replaces as many as twenty traditional PALs.
Parallel computing possibilities .
"Pros" and "Cons"
Cons
High cost of fabricating a completely new chip
Size constraints / limitations
More difficult to code & debug
Many applications still are, and may remain, in the
theoretical phase
IOB Functionality

IOB provides interface between the package pins and


CLBs
Each IOB can work as uni- or bi-directional I/O
Outputs can be forced into High Impedance
Inputs and outputs can be registered
advised for high-performance I/O
Inputs can be delayed
APPLICATIONS OF FPGA
□Prototyping

-Ensemble of gate arrays used to emulate a circuit to be manufactured


-Get more/better/faster debugging done than with simulation

□ Reconfigurable hardware

-One hardware block used to implement more than one function

□ Special-purpose computation engines

-Hardware dedicated to solving one problem (or class of problems)

-Accelerators attached to general-purpose computers (e.g., in a cell

phone!)

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