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Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Management

Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) results from exposure to loud sounds and can be either acute from a single exposure or gradual from repeated exposure over time. NIHL typically affects higher frequencies initially and then spreads to lower frequencies. About 10-16% of hearing loss in adults is caused by occupational noise exposure. Prevention efforts include public education, workplace noise regulations, and hearing conservation programs involving noise measurement, controls, testing, hearing protection, and worker training. Diagnosis is made through audiogram which often shows a characteristic notch at 4kHz, and treatment focuses on prevention of further noise exposure and use of hearing aids.

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Prerna Sangwan
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140 views15 pages

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Management

Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) results from exposure to loud sounds and can be either acute from a single exposure or gradual from repeated exposure over time. NIHL typically affects higher frequencies initially and then spreads to lower frequencies. About 10-16% of hearing loss in adults is caused by occupational noise exposure. Prevention efforts include public education, workplace noise regulations, and hearing conservation programs involving noise measurement, controls, testing, hearing protection, and worker training. Diagnosis is made through audiogram which often shows a characteristic notch at 4kHz, and treatment focuses on prevention of further noise exposure and use of hearing aids.

Uploaded by

Prerna Sangwan
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NOISE INDUCED

HEARING LOSS AND


ITS MANAGEMENT
BY PRERNA SANGWAN
ROLL NO. 90
DEFINITION
NOISE INDUCED HEARING LOSS(NIHL) is a hearing impairment resulting from high decibel(loud)
sound.
Typical NIHL is of sensorineural type
Involves injury to the inner ear
Usually bilateral and symmetrical
affects the higher frequencies (3k,4k or 6k Hz)and then spreading to the lower
frequencies(0.5k,1k or 2k Hz)
About 10% of world population work in hazardous level of noise
Worldwide 16% of the disabling hearing loss in adults is attributed to
occupational noise
NIHL is the second most common form of acquired hearing loss after age
related loss with studies showing the people who are exposed to noise levels
higher than 85db are at risk of developing NIHL.
Types of NIHL
ACUTE ACOUSTIC TRAUMA
Refers to permanent cochlear damage from one time exposure to excessive sound pressure.
Commonly results from exposure to high intensity sound such as explosion, gun fire.

GRADUAL DEVELOPING NIHL


Caused by multiple exposure to excessive noise in workplace or any source of repetitive, frequent
exposure to sound of excessive volume such as personal media player.
oTemporary threshold shift: Hearing is temporarily impaired and recovers after sometime.
oPermanent threshold shift:Hearing impairment is permanent and does not recover at all.
NIHL
DEPENDENT ON INTESNSITY ,DURATION, AND TYPE OF NOISE EXPOSURE
The greater the intensity of the noise ,the less exposure time is required for
damaging effects to occur
Impulse noise has the potential to physically break the hair cells with the
potential for little to no recovery, whereas a steady-state noise (i.e. humming
factory noise )may temporarily stress the hair cells,which then recover after a
period of rest

A noise of 90db ,8h a day for 5 days per week is the maximum safe limit as
recommended by Ministry of labour ,Govt of India.
Outer hair cells are more susceptible to noise exposure than inner
hair cells.
Outer hair cells are more susceptible to noise exposure than inner
hair cells. Temporary threshold shift (TTS) decreased stiffness of the
stereocilia of outer hair cells. The stereocilia become disarrayed and
[Link] respond poorly
Permanent threshold shift (PTS)are associated with fusion of
adjacent stereocilia and loss of stereocilia
MANAGEMENT
DIAGNOSIS
PREVENTION
TREATMENT
Diagnosis By Audiogram
The audiogram in NIHL shows a typical notch at 4kHz
◦ At this stage patient complains of high pitched tinnitus and
difficulty in hearing in noisy surrounding but no difficulty in day to
day hearing
•As duration increase the notch deepens and widens
•Hearing impairment becomes clinically apparent to patient when
frequencies of 500,1000,and 2000 hz(speech frequencies) are
affected
PREVENTION
Public education /Awareness
Labour regulations with the use of protective devices.
Hearing conservative programme
PUBLIC EDUCATION
The best first option for protecting hearing is lowering the volume of sound at its source
Seconly, limiting the time of exposure to loud noise can reduce injury.
Workers in general industry are exposed to noise level above 85dB are required by the
occupational safety and health administration (OSHA) TO BE IN A HEARING CONSERVATIVE
PROGRAM WHICH INCLUDES NOISE MEASUREMENT,NOISE CONTROL PERIODIC AUDIOMETRIC
TESTING ,HEARING PROTECTION,WORKER EDUCATION.
PROTECTIVE DEVICES
AURAL REHABILITATION
THANK YOU

THANK YOU

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