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Bionic Eye: Revolutionizing Vision Restoration

This document presents information on bionic eyes. It begins by explaining how the human eye works and then discusses common eye diseases like retinitis pigmentosa and macular degeneration that can cause blindness. It introduces artificial silicon retina (ASR) technology, which involves a microchip that detects light and converts it into electrical signals. The document then describes the components and functioning of bionic eyes, which involve a camera, processor, transmitter and electrodes to stimulate the optic nerve. In conclusion, bionic eyes could help restore vision for those suffering from blindness, though the technology still faces challenges in terms of cost, repair, and suitability for some patients.

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hardik
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237 views17 pages

Bionic Eye: Revolutionizing Vision Restoration

This document presents information on bionic eyes. It begins by explaining how the human eye works and then discusses common eye diseases like retinitis pigmentosa and macular degeneration that can cause blindness. It introduces artificial silicon retina (ASR) technology, which involves a microchip that detects light and converts it into electrical signals. The document then describes the components and functioning of bionic eyes, which involve a camera, processor, transmitter and electrodes to stimulate the optic nerve. In conclusion, bionic eyes could help restore vision for those suffering from blindness, though the technology still faces challenges in terms of cost, repair, and suitability for some patients.

Uploaded by

hardik
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PRESENT

ATION ON

BIONIC EYE
Prepared By:
Hardik makkar(21csu032)
Under Guidance Of:
Sharda vashisht(Faculty)

KGRCET
ECE DEPT
CONTENTS:
How human eye works?
Diseases related to eye
What is Artificial Silicon Retina?
Working of ASR
What is Bionic Eye & Components used in it?
Working of Bionic Eye
Advantages & Disadvantages
Conclusion
References.
WORKING OF HUMAN EYE:
 The eye is one of the most important
organ in our [Link] we learn
about ASR, it is important to know
about natural retina.
 The light sensitive cells of the gets activated
with incidence of light and generate electric
[Link] electric signals are sent to the
brain by optic nerves and the brain interprets
the electric signals in such a way that we see
an image.
DISEASES RELATED TO EYE:
 There are mainly two kinds of diseases related to eye:

i. Retinitis Pigmentosa
ii. Macular Degeneration
RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA
 It is a Hereditary Genetic
Disease
 Gradually progesses towards
centre of the eye
 Spares the foveal region
 Ex:Night Blindness(nyctalopia),
Photophobia etc.
MACULAR DEGENERATION
 Genetically related
 Cones in Macula region
degenerate
 Loss of central vision
 common among old people
 Ex:Blurred Vision,Low Visuality
etc.
 A visual prosthesis, is an experimental visual device
WHAT IS ASR?
intended to restore functional vision in those suffering
from partial or total blindness.

 In 1983 Joao Lobo Antunes,a world renowned


potuguese doctor, implanted a bionic eye in a person
born blind.

 The brothers Alan Chow & Vincent Chow have


developed a microchip containing 3500 photo diodes,
which detect light and convert it into electrical
impulses which is called as ASR.
WORKING OF ASR:
 The ASR microchip is a 2mm diameter silicon
chip which contains 5,000 microscopic solar
cells called “Microphotodiodes”.

 It detects light & convert it into electrical


impulses, which stimulate healthy retinal
ganglion cells and these cells are sent to Brain
by optic nerve.
BELOW IMAGES SHOWS WHICH TYPE OF IMAGES ARE SEEN
TO A BLIND PERSON USING A ASR TECHNOLOGY:
HISTORY OF BIONIC EYE:
 [Link] Humayun, [Link] Dejuan along with few more scientists demonstrated that a visually
impaired person could be made to see light by stimulating the optic nerves behind the retina with
electrical impulses .This test proved that the nerves behind retina sill functioned even when the
retina had degenerated.
 Based on this scientists set out to create a device that could translate images to electrical pulses
that could restore vision.

 The main target of the research was:


i. Small enough to be implanted in the eye.
ii. Supplied with a continous source of power.
iii. Bio-compatible with eye tissues and its surroundings.
COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR BIONIC EYE
WORKING OF BIONIC EYE:
 The camera mounted on a pair of eyeglasses, captures the scene in front of the wearer and sends to
VPU on the patient's belt.
The processor translates the image into a series of signals that the brain can understand.

 Now the RF transmitter sends the signal to the RF receiver which is near the eye implant wirelessly.

 Receiver attains the transmitted signal and demodulation is done which is sent to the microelectrode
strip.
These electrodes converts it into electrical pulses and provide it to the optic nerve.
ADVANTAGES:
 It identifies the location or movement of 
DISADVANTAGES:
Repairing is difficult if any of the devices got
objects and people. damaged.

 Helps in other activities of daily life, such  Those who lost their visions due to other
as detecting street curbs and walking on reasons could not use this device.
a sidewalk without stepping off.
 It may not work for people blinded as children
 Upgradable external hardware & or as infants.
software to benefit from future
innovations.
 The cost of the device is too high as $70,000.
CONCLUSION :
 Revolutionary piece of Technology.

 It is the first useful artificial eye is now helping a blind man walk
safely around and read large letters.

 Good news for the patients who ever suffering from Macular
Degeneration & Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Hope in INDIA also we will acquire this technology soon.......


REFERENCES:
 Wikipedia
 [Link]
 Encyclopedia
 [Link]
THANK YOU

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