Introduction to .
NET Framework Architecture
Rajkumar Waghmode
.NET What Is It?
Software platform Language neutral In other words:
.NET is not a language (Runtime and a library for writing and executing written programs in any compliant language)
What Is .NET
.Net is a new framework for developing web-based and
windows-based applications within the Microsoft environment. The framework offers a fundamental shift in Microsoft strategy: it moves application development from clientcentric to server-centric.
Influences
.NET is the result of many influences
OOP JVM
GUI
.NET
Web
.NET is multi-language
.NET supports VB, C# (C-sharp), C++ etc.
[Link] [Link] [Link] ...
Development Tools
FCL
[Link]
Framework Architecture
VB VC++ VC# JScript
Visual [Link]
Common Language Specification [Link]: Web Services and Web Forms Windows Forms
[Link]: Data and XML Base Class Library Common Language Runtime
The .NET Framework Components
Common Language Runtime Windows Forms [Link]
Web Forms Web Services
[Link], evolution of ADO Visual [Link]
Languages
.Net supports following Languages: VB C# C++
Common Language Specification
CLS is a set of specifications that language and library designers need to follow This will ensure interoperability between languages CTS is a rich type system built into the CLR
Implements various types (int, double, etc) And operations on those types
[Link]
[Link] the platform services that allow to program Web Applications and Web Services in any .NET language [Link] Uses .NET languages to generate HTML pages. HTML page is targeted to the capabilities of the requesting Browser [Link] is control based and event execution model
[Link] Web Forms
Allows Code-behind Web Forms Easier for tools to generate Code within is compiled then executed Support for [Link] server controls
[Link] Web Services
A technical definition
A programmable application component accessible via standard Web protocols
It is just an application that exposes its features and capabilities over the network using XML It uses SOAP and HTTP to make data available on web
[Link] (Data and XML)
Set of classes that expose data access .NET programmer Separates connected / disconnected issues Language neutral data access Uses same types as CLR Great support for XML Some classes used in .NET are sqlconnection, sqlcommand,sqldatareader
.NET
Class Library
In traditional environments different categories of services are provided to the programmer via libraries such as: C run time library, Win32 APIs, I/O and database access libraries, statistical libraries, etc. These libraries are language dependent, operating system dependent. In .NET all services fall into a single, hierarchy organized, language independent Class Library.
Some .NET Base Class Libraries
[Link]
Services Description Discovery Protocols Caching Configuration Security SessionState Imaging UI HtmlControls WebControls Design
[Link]
ComponentModel
[Link]
Drawing2D Printing Text
[Link]
ADO Design SQL SQLTypes XSLT XPath
[Link]
Serialization
System
Collections
Configuration Diagnostics Globalization IO Net Reflection Resources Security ServiceProcess Text Threading Runtime InteropServices Remoting
Serialization
Common Language Runtime (CLR)
CLR works like a virtual machine in executing all languages. All .NET languages must obey the rules and standards imposed by CLR. Examples:
Object declaration, creation and use Data types,language libraries Error and exception handling Interactive Development Environment (IDE)
Compilation in .NET
Code in [Link] Code in C# Code in another .NET Language
[Link] compiler
C# compiler
Appropriate Compiler
IL(Intermediate Language) code
CLR just-in-time execution
Intermediate Language (IL)
.NET languages are not compiled to machine code. They are compiled to an Intermediate Language (IL). CLR accepts the IL code and recompiles it to machine code.
Assembly
An Assembly is a logical unit of code Assembly physically exist as DLLs or EXEs Assembly has two types Private assembly Shared aasembly
CLR-based execution
CLR must be able to locate all assemblies:
.EXE .DLL .DLL .DLL
OS Process
JIT Compiler
other FCL assemblies
obj code obj code obj code obj code
Core FCL assembly
CLR
Underlying OS and HW
Visual [Link]
Development tool that contains a rich set of productivity and debugging features
Summary
The .NET Framework
Dramatically simplifies development and deployment Provides robust and secure execution environment Supports multiple programming languages
