CABLE INSTALLATION

MODULE 5
 C A B L E I N S TA L L AT I O N I S

Cable Installation means all actions

necessary to install the cables
necessary to operate the AV System
in the building, but not including
connecting the cables to
theEquipment.
OPEN- WIRE
Open-wire construction consists
of uninsulated conductors on insulators
which are mounted on poles or structures.
The conductor may be bare or it may have a
thin covering for protection from corrosion
or abrasion. The attractive features of this
method are its low initial cost and the fact
that damage can be detected and repaired
quickly. Proper vertical clearances over
roadways, walkways, and structures are
critical. Exposed open-wire circuits are also
more susceptible to the effects of lightning
than other circuits, however, these effects
may be minimized by the use of overhead
ground wires and lightning arresters.
AERIAL CABLE
Aerial cable consists of fully insulated
conductors suspended above the ground.
This type of installation is used
increasingly, generally for replacing open
wiring, where it provides greater safety and
reliability and requires less space.
Properly protected cables are not a safety
hazard and are not easily damaged by casual
contact.
ABOVE GROUND CONDUITS

Rigid steel conduit systems afford the

highest degree of mechanical protection
available in above-ground conduit
systems. Unfortunately, this is also
a relatively high-cost system. For this
reason their use is being superseded,
where possible, by other types of conduit
and wiring systems.
UNDER GROUND DUCTS

ducts are used where it is

necessary to provide a high
degree of safety and mechanical
protection, or where above-
ground conductors would
be unattractive
UNDER GROUND DUCTS

Rigid steel conduit systems afford the highest

degree of mechanical protection available in
above-ground conduit systems. Unfortunately,
this is also a relatively high-cost system. For
this reason their use is being superseded, where
possible, by other types of conduit and wiring
systems.
UNDER GROUND DUCTS

Cables may be buried directly in the ground where

permitted by codes and only in areas that are rarely
disturbed. The cables used must be suitable for this
purpose, that is, resistant to moisture, crushing, soil
contaminants, and insect and rodent damage.
While direct-buried cable cannot be readily added to
or maintained, the current carrying capacity is usually
greater than that of cables in ducts
SUBMARINE CABLE

Submarine cable is used only when no other cable system can

be used. It supplies circuits that must cross expanses of water
or swampy terrain
Submarine cable generally consists of a lead sheathed
cable and is usually armored. Insulation material should be
XLP or EPR, except when paper insulation is justified
because of its high resistance to, and freedom from, internal
discharge or corona.
PROPER HANDLING, USE, AND MAINTINANCE OF
TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
When you work with appliance repair, you need to b
Familiar with working of the tools. You may
already be familiar with the typical wrenches
and screwdrivers, but you will need to know
more, such as about voltage meters and even
single and multiphase compressor testers.
Therefore, it is necessary to be sure that
you are equipped with enough knowledge to
properly use the tools that will be needed.
Always remember to take them when you are
TOOLS
a) Screw driver: It is used to turn, tighten or remove
screws (c) Spanner: It is used to provide grip to apply torque
for turning objects such as nut or a bolt. A spanner
is available with variable diameter to tighten nuts and
bolts of various sizes

b) Ratchet: It is used to allow rotary motion in only one

direction and preventing the motion in opposite direction.
It is used to tighten nuts of various sizes
 TOOLS
d) Wrench: It is a hand tool used for tightening and
loosening of the nuts and bolts. These tools
hold slippery or small nuts and bolts for loosening or
tightening it.

(e) Wire cutter and Plier: A wire cutter is used for

striping and cutting wires whereas a plier is used to
hold objects like nuts and bolts firmly also used for
cutting metal wires

f) Tester: It is used to verify the presence of electric

voltage in electrical equipment
 TOOLS
(g) Hammer: It is used to fix nails in walls and
wood, fit parts, or forge metal and breaking different
Materials

(h) Ladder: It is used to climb upwards to reach

higher places (6 to 7 feet) in tall units of a control
panel

(i) Utility Knife: It is used to cut various objects, such

as wires, cords, tapes and so on
 TOOLS
(j) Soldering or Desoldering Iron: It is used to embed/
remove the components on/from the panel

k) Soldering or Desoldering Station: It is used to

hold the hot iron when it is not in use and adjust the
temperature of the tip

( L )Crimping Tool: It is used to cut various objects such

as wires, cords, tapes and so on. It is also used to join
wires with metal or plastic objects
 TOOLS
(m) Voltmeter: It is used to measure potential difference
between two points in the electric circuit

(n) Ammeter:
It is used to measure current flow in
a circuit

(o) Watt meter: It is used to measure electrical power of

any given circuit (in watts
 TOOLS
(p) Megohmmeter or Megger: It is used to measure
leakage in wires and earth resistance

(q) Multimeter: It is used to measure various electrical

quantities like resistance, voltage, current, etc
 INSTALLATION WORKS OF CABLES

INSTALLATION WORKS OF CABLES

1. LOW VOLTAGE CABLE WITH DAMAGED OUTER JACKET SHOULD BE CLEANED AND FREE

FROM ACCUMULATION OF DUST, OIL, AND MOISTURE USING REQUIRED CABLE CLEANING

SPRAY AND MATERIALS.

2. MAKE SURE THAT THE LOW VOLTAGE CABLE WITH DAMAGED PORTION IS FREE OF SHARP

EDGE IN ORDER TO AVOID DAMAGE WHEN NEW WRAPPED AROUND JACKET SLEEVE IS

INSTALLED.

3. NEW WRAPPED AROUND CABLE SLEEVE SHOULD BE CHECKED IF IT IS CLEANED AND FREE

FROM ACCUMULATION OF DUST, OIL AND MOISTURE. CLEANED THE NEW CABLE SLEEVE

WHEN REQUIRED.

4. IN THE DAMAGED PORTION, WRAP AROUND THE CABLE OF 3M ELECTRICAL TAPE, AFTER

THEN WRAP THE CABLE WITH RUBBER TAPE AND AGAIN WRAP THE CABLE OF 3M
 \

CABLE CONNECTION AND TERMINATIONS

CABLE CONNECTION AND TERMINATIONS

1. Compression (crimped) type connectors shall be used for splicing and terminating stranded conductors, except as
indicated in paragraphs 8.2.3 to 8.2.5 below, and except as specified in SAES-P-111 for grounding conductors. The use
of solder lugs is prohibited. Compression terminal connectors for 4/0 and larger conductors shall be two hole NEMA
design. All compression connectors for 8 AWG and larger conductors shall have a manufacturer’s reference
compression die number and conductor size printed or stamped on the connector.

2. Compression in compression connectors is accomplished by means of a compression or crimping tool. Connectors in

which compression is accomplished by means of bolts, set screws, etc., are mechanical, not compression connectors.

3. All compression connectors shall be tinned copper.

4. Spring pressure type twist-on connectors, and pressure set screw connectors with insulating caps are permitted (a) for
lighting and receptacle circuits in non-hazardous locations, and (b) in non-industrial applications.

5. Cable terminators relying on inwardly protruding flat springs or tines for grounding the metallic sheath or
armor are prohibited.
 \

CABLE CONNECTION AND TERMINATIONS

CABLE CONNECTION AND TERMINATIONS

1. Compression (crimped) type connectors shall be used for splicing and terminating stranded conductors, except as
indicated in paragraphs 8.2.3 to 8.2.5 below, and except as specified in SAES-P-111 for grounding conductors. The use
of solder lugs is prohibited. Compression terminal connectors for 4/0 and larger conductors shall be two hole NEMA
design. All compression connectors for 8 AWG and larger conductors shall have a manufacturer’s reference
compression die number and conductor size printed or stamped on the connector.

2. Compression in compression connectors is accomplished by means of a compression or crimping tool. Connectors in

which compression is accomplished by means of bolts, set screws, etc., are mechanical, not compression connectors.

3. All compression connectors shall be tinned copper.

4. Spring pressure type twist-on connectors, and pressure set screw connectors with insulating caps are permitted (a) for
lighting and receptacle circuits in non-hazardous locations, and (b) in non-industrial applications.

5. Cable terminators relying on inwardly protruding flat springs or tines for grounding the metallic sheath or
armor are prohibited.