WOOD AND WOOD Building Technology 1
PRODUCTS
WOOD
Wood is traditional building material,· it
is easily worked, has durability and
beauty. It has great ability to absorb
shocks from sudden load. In addition,
wood has freedom from rust and
corrosion, is comparatively light in
weight, and is adaptable to a countless
variety of purposes.
PHILIPPINE TIMBER
4 Groups
FIRST GROUP
Narra
Most expensive, used for furniture
and panelling, for expensive
floorings, door panels, stairs and
plywood veneer or facings.
FIRST GROUP
Yacal and Guijo
Both hardwoods, used for posts and
girders, or jambs attached to
concrete and also for wooden decks
having flooring and railings exposed
to weather.
FIRST GROUP
Pine Benguet
Softwood, used for panelling,
sidings, flooring and furniture. Also
used for framings trusses.
FIRST GROUP
Tanguile and Apitong
The most common lumber in the
market. Used generally for framings,
joists, trusses, nailers, etc.
FIRST GROUP
White and Red Lauan
For framings, chests, jewel boxes
FIRST GROUP
White and Red Lauan
For framings, chests, jewel boxes
Kamagong
Hardwood for chests, jewel boxes,
stair frames.
FIRST GROUP
Dao
Used for panelling and plywood
veneer.
Ajmaciga
Similar to pine for panelling.
FIRST GROUP
Mahogany
lpil
Kalantas
Kalamansanai
Supa
SECOND GROUP
Acacia (rain tree) for wood carvings
Agoho
Dita
Oak
Philippine Chestnut
Pili
Malabayabas
THIRD GROUP
Bakawan
Malakamias
Malasaging
Matamata
Nangka
Santol
MOISTURE IN WOOD
The moisture content of wood is
usually expressed as a percentage of
the oven-dry weight and can be
determined by the oven-dry method
or by an electric-moisture meter
method.
THREE (3) CATEGORIES OF
LUMBER
Yard Lumber
Used for ordinary light construction and
finishing work arid consists of 1 and 2”
material manufactured into common boards,
shiplap, shelving dimension lumber (2x2” to
2x12”) Center match, flooring, roof plank,
siding, V-joint, trim and moulding of all kinds.
These are usully found in retail lumberyards.
THREE (3) CATEGORIES OF
LUMBER
THREE (3) CATEGORIES OF
LUMBER
THREE (3) CATEGORIES OF
LUMBER
THREE (3) CATEGORIES OF
LUMBER
Shop Lumber
Usually left in 1” and 2” rough thickness
often containing knots or defects not
ordinarily permissible in other categories. It
is intended for use in shops or mills making
sash, doors and cabinets where it will be cut
into relatively short pieces and the defective
material discarded.
THREE (3) CATEGORIES OF
LUMBER
Structural Lumber
Intended for use in heavy construction
for load-bearing purposes and is cut
into timbers of larger size than yard
lumber 3” or more thick and 4” or more
wide. It is made from the heartwood of
the log
FINISHES OF WOOD
WOOD GRAIN
SEASONING OF LUMBER
As clay is burned, steel is tempered, so
lumber must be dried.
Water content represents 30 to 100
percent or more of the dry weight of a
board. Two methods for drying of
lumber.
SEASONING OF LUMBER
Air-drying
Lumber is strip-piled at a slope on a
solid foundation. This allows air to
circulate around every piece while the
sloping allows water to run off quickly
SEASONING OF LUMBER
Kiln-drying
More expensive lumber which is
required for more refined uses so as
wood will not move, such as furniture.
Flooring and general interior use. It
must be dried to a moisture content of
not more than 5 to 10 percent.
SEASONING OF LUMBER
Kiln-drying
This is done in a dry kiln -a large airtight
structure, scientifically heated by steam
pipes - in which the lumber is artificially
dried to the correct moisture content. K.D.
takes days or weeks as opposed to sun
dried which will take months in a drying
yard.
SEASONING OF LUMBER
Treated Lumber Pressure treated lumber
When lumber is subjected to pressure and injected
with chemicals or salts to insure it from rots.
a. wolmanized - wolman salt
b. tanalized
c. permanized
d. boliden
SPECIFICATION WHEN
BUYING LUMBER
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
Term used to describe a wooden
member built up of several layers of
wood whose grain directions' are at
substantially parallel. And held together
with glue as fastening commonly ·used
for beams, girders, posts, columns,
arches, bowstring truss chords, usually
softwoods are commonly used because
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
GLUE LAMINATED TIMBER
GLUE USE IN LAMINATING
Casein glue
satisfactory for use in dry -Locations not
exposed to rain or water.
GLUE USE IN LAMINATING
Urea-formaldehyde resins
cheap and well cure at from 70°F up. Will
withstand soaking in cool water.
GLUE USE IN LAMINATING
Urea-formaldehyde resins
Cheap and well cure at from 70°F up.
Will withstand soaking in cool water.
GLUE USE IN LAMINATING
Resorcinol- phenol-formaldehyde
Resin glues are expensive but have
excellent qualities of durability arid
water resistance
