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Memory Organization and Expansion Guide

The document outlines the basic organization of memory (RAM), including read and write operations, and methods to expand memory capacity. It details memory components, their sizes, and provides examples of memory diagrams and calculations for address lines, data input/output lines, and memory capacity. Additionally, it discusses the use of decoders for memory expansion and includes exercises for designing RAM configurations.

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16 views8 pages

Memory Organization and Expansion Guide

The document outlines the basic organization of memory (RAM), including read and write operations, and methods to expand memory capacity. It details memory components, their sizes, and provides examples of memory diagrams and calculations for address lines, data input/output lines, and memory capacity. Additionally, it discusses the use of decoders for memory expansion and includes exercises for designing RAM configurations.

Uploaded by

jellylife jellylife
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

• At the end of this chapter, students should

be able to:-
– Discuss the basic organization of a memory
(RAM).
– Describe the read and write operation.
– Explain how to expand the memory capacity of a
memory.

10/9/2012 RA/Sept2013-Jan2014 2
• Five memory components are:
Input Data Output Data
I2 O2
I1 O1
I0 O0

Read/ Write
ME
A1 A0

Address

• Memory components are manufactured in


sizes
2n xn =mnumber of address
lines
m = word size/number
of input and output
10/9/2012 RA/Sept2012-Jan2013 lines 3
Given an 8 x 4 bit memory IC.
a)Draw the memory diagram.
4 4
Data Input Data Output
Lines 8x4 Lines
Read/Write bit
Lines
Memory Enable
Lines 3
Address Lines

b)Identify the number of address lines.


For 8 x 4 bit, 2n x m = 23 x 4
Therefore, the number of address lines = 3
bits

10/9/2012 RA/Sept2012-Jan2013 4
c) Determine the number of data input /output
lines.
Number of data input /output lines = Word size
= 4 bits
d) Calculate the memory capacity in bits/bytes.
Memory capacity in bits = 8 x 4 bits = 32 bits
Memory capacity in bytes = 8 x 4 bits = 4 bytes
8
e) Calculate the number of memory cells.
Number of memory cells = 8 x 4 bits = 32 cells

10/9/2012 RA/Sept2012-Jan2013 5
f) Identify the number of IC(s) needed to
expand the memory capacity to 16 x 4bit.
Number of ICs = 16 = 2 ICs
8
g) Name the decoder used to expand the
memory capacity to 16 x 4bit.
Type of decoder = 1:2 decoder (based on
[Link] ICs)
h) Draw the expanded memory diagram.
(Refer to the next slide for the diagram)
10/9/2012 RA/Sept2012-Jan2013 6
Data Input R/W Lines Data Output
Lines Lines

8x4bi
t
0
4 4

8x4bi
t
1

0 1
1:2 decoder
A 3

Address
Lines

10/9/2012 RA/Sept2012-Jan2013 7
a) Given 16K x 8 bit RAM. Determine the:
i. number of address lines.
ii. number of input/output lines.
iii. number of memory capacity in bytes.
iv. number of ICs needed to expand the
memory capacity to 96K x 8 bits.
v. type of decoder used to expand the
memory capacity to 96K x 8 bits .
b) Design 4M x 4 bit RAM using 1M x 4 bit RAM
chips.
1K = 210 = 1024 bits
1M = 220 = 1024 x
1024 bits
10/9/2012 RA/Sept2012-Jan2013 8

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