BASIC
LIGHTING DESIGN
S
DEFINATIONS
ILLUMINATION :
The process of lighting.
LUMINANCE :
The measure of brightness of a surface or
light source.
LUMINOUS FLUX:
The light emitted by a source. ( unit –
lumen )
LUX:
The SI unit of Illuminance .
1 Lux = 1 lumen per sq. m
CANDELA ( CD ):
Unit of luminous intensity approx. equal to
one candle power per sqft area.
LUMEN :
The SI unit of Flux. ( a source of 1 candela
emits lumens)
DEFINATIONS
BRIGHTNESS:
Subjective measurement of luminance.
DAYLIGHT FACTOR :
The Illuminance at the point indoors, due
to daylight.
DIFFUSED LIGHTING:
Soft lighting in which the luminous flux
comes from many directions, none which
predominates.
GLARE :
Discomfort or disability to view the visual
field.
LIGHTING IN USE
Use the right amount of light :
[Link] Recommended Areas
Illuminance
1. 40 lux Corridors , walkways
2. 80 lux Change rooms , storage , stairs
3. 160 lux Canteens , entrance halls
4. 240 lux Continuously occupied areas-
reading, writing, typing, enquiry
desks, libraries
5. 320 lux Routine office tasks occupying
bigger spaces, libraries
6. 600 lux Drawing Boards, town planning
enquiry counters dedicated to
viewing paper plans
f Light :
controls can be used to turn on and off when in use and
he amount of artificial lighting according to the availability
LIGHTING ENERGY
CONSUMPTION
The best way to reduce energy used for lighting is to use free natural
daylight.
Designing large windows, skylights and light shelves.
But direct sun can create glare problems .
So proper combination should be used.
Artificial lighting uses a lot of energy in our homes and work
[Link]
places: BUILDING TYPE %AGE USED
1. Home 10%
2. Office 30%
3. Retail Environment 50%
4. Small commercial places 70%
Needs Efficient Use-
1. Gives lot of heat.
2. Increasing energy needed for operating alternative sources.
3. Impacts economical expenses.
4. Heavy lux impacts eye sight.
5. Higher maintenance costs.
WHY DESIGN USING LIGHT AS AN INTERIOR
ELEMENT
Central role in the design of visual element.
Everything is visible by lighting.
It influence our well being
– Aesthetic mood
- Mood of the room
It directs “what you see”
Architecture influenced by
Light-
a. Defines zones and boundaries
b. Expands room
c. Creates links , delineates one
area from another
NECESSITY OF LIGHTING IN DESIGNING
SPACES
SEVERAL FUNCTIONS TO ALLOW
EFFECTS-
ILLUMINATION:
Simple ability to see what is occurring on.
It is ineffective if the views cannot see
around.
illumination
REVELATION OF FORM:
Altering the perception of shapes on
space, particularly 3D elements.
FOCUS :
Directing the public attention to an area
/object or distracting them from
another.
Revelation of space
focus
NECESSITY OF LIGHTING IN DESIGNING
SPACES
CONTRAST:
Lighting of an object /area so that it
becomes brighter than its surroundings.
FUNCTIONALITY:
Illumination required depends upon the
task involved and upon the surrounding
conditions
Lighting sitting in contrast
Lighting to direct passage Lighting mirrors in contrast
GENERAL
TYPES OF LIGHTING
FLUORESCENT
LIGHTING
TASK
HALOGEN
LIGHTING
L i g h t i n g i s c l a s s i fi e d GENERAL
as general LIGHTING
depending on – DAYLIGHTING ACCENT
LIGHTING
LED
ARTIFICIAL COVE
1. D i s t r i b u t i o n o f LIGHTING
COMPACT
light FLUORESCENT
TASK
LIGHTING
FIBERE OPTICS
2. Source of light
TYPES OF NEON
LIGHTING
BALLAST
DOWNLIGHTS
DIRECT
UPLIGHTERS
INDIRECT
LUMINARIES
ASYMMETRIC
DIFFUSED
DAYLIGHTING
• Effective use of daylight can reduce energy consumption
• North –facing windows or clear stories admit daylight
avoiding direct sunlight.
• South facing glazing should have adequate overhangs,
curtains, etc.
• User responses to daylight factors have been suggested.
• Day lighting should be integrated with dimmable or multi-
level lighting.
ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING GENERAL
1.
2.
Used for general illumination
Indoors - rooms ,
LIGHTING
bathrooms , stores
3. Outdoors- parking, porch
4. Fixtures- wall and ceiling
lights
5. Landscaping
DESIGN-
1. Designed according to
required lux in a room.
2. Works as combination of
different fixtures.
3. Calculated along with
daylight factor.
ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING TASK
1. Used for concentrated work LIGHTING
2. Reading
3. Inspection
4. Workstations
5. Movable lamps are best
because they are adjustable.
DESIGN-
1. 2’X 2’fixtures with parabolic
louvers can provide low
glare lighting for reading.
2. They do not light the
perimeter of the space very
well- wall washers can be
used for making brighter
spaces
ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING ACCENT
1. Used for decorative purpose LIGHTING
2. Highlighting
3. Function as design
4. Showrooms , museums , art
galleries
5. Landscaping
DESIGN-
1. Use LED lights as accent
lighting.
2. Function as attraction,
noticeable as desired.
3. Economical , needs perfect
installation.
DESIGNING
ACCENT
LIGHTING
1. Should be located at
about 30 degrees off
vertical relative to focal
point.
2. Don not get to close to
wall – normally 24” min.
away.
3. Use 30-60-90 triangle to
determine optimum
ARTIFICIAL LIGHTING COVE LIGHTING
1. Form of indirect light
2. Valued because it hides
fixtures
3. Built into alcoves, niches ,
walls
4. Fixtures in false ceilings
majorly
5. For decorative purposes
DESIGN-
1. Designed according to
layouts considering
interiors.
2. Energy efficient- use LED
strips
3. Can be used along with
LIGHTING FIXTURES
Flood lights
Fans
LIGHTING FIXTURES
LIGHTING FIXTURES LAMPS
1. This fixture has a base.
2. Types-
Tungsten halogen
(incandescent)
Fluorescent light Ballast Neon
Ballast
Compact fluorescent lamps
Neon
Light emitting diodes
Fiber optics – end emitter Fluorescent light Fiber optics
Halogen LED CFL
ELECTRICITY CONSUMED
COMPARATIVE LOOK
LIGHTING FIXTURES CHANDELIER
1. Decorative ceiling mounted
fixture
2. Used as lamps hung from
ceilings
3. Crystal chandelier have
more
or less arrays of crystal
prisms
to illuminate a room with
refracted light
LUMINAIRES DIRECT LUMINAIRES
1. Emit light downwards .
2. Effective as distributes
light directly onto the
task area.
3. Might be uncomfortable
due to high contrast.
4. Used in executive offices,
lobbies- creates a sense
of DRAMA.
5. Eg. Down lighters
LUMINAIRES INDIRECT
1. Emit light upwards . LUMINAIRES
2. Bouncing light from the
ceiling onto a space.
3. Used for lighting ceilings.
4. can be mounted walls,
floors
5. Used in exterior walls ,
rooms, etc. to highlight
the area.
6. Eg. Uplighters
LUMINAIRES DIFFUSED LUMINAIRES
1. Creates broad general light
ASYMMETRIC LUMINAIRES
2. Often considered glaring
1. Chosen when accent because of side glaring .
lighting of surfaces is 3. Eg. chandeliers , crystal lights
desired. 4. Chosen for ornamental reasons.
DESIGNING PROCESS
Decisions are made regarding:
1. The lamps an fixtures to be used.
2. The arrangement and installation of the
fixtures.
3. Any required electrical and control devices.
METHODS-
The decision regarding the lamp type can be made at the beginning of
the project or left until an advanced planning stage .
Lighting layouts (the plan) can be determined by the choice of the light
fixture or could be the criteria for fixture selection.
Design process should be seen “back and forth" in which layouts will be
modified with requirements and predetermined goals.
Efficient light fittings should be designed to avoid improper use.
DESIGNING LIGHTING IN
LAYOUTS
DESIGNING
Accent cove
KITCHEN
MGeneral
-
O O D S lighting - down lighters
M U T I P L E L A Y E R S P E R M I T M U LT I P L E
Accent Accent
cove cove
Task -under
cabinet
Accent- to
Accent- to
define
define
Accent- to define Accent- to
define
DESIGNING BATHROOM
FLEXIBILITY
- MUTIPLE MOODS and
THANK YOU
