CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
Prepared by:
MANAGEMENT Vijay Vaghela
INTRODUCTION:
Management is that function of an industrial undertaking, which organizes,
direct and controls various activities of the organization directed towards
specific end objectives.
Construction Management is defined as management in which group of
people works together, to execute project economically without affecting
quality.
The objectives of the organization are accomplished through the uses of
resource like man, money, materials and machines.
NECESSITY OF CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT:
Coordination between different agencies
Economy in construction
Development of management and machinery
Speed of Construction
Quality control of materials and workmanship
FACTORS INVOLVED IN CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT:
1. Man power (Technical + Non technical)
2. Money
3. Materials
4. Machinery
FUNCTIONS OR PHASES OF CONSTRUCTION
MANAGEMENT:
Management is summarized into eight functions: planning, scheduling, organizing,
staffing, directing, controlling, coordinating and communicating.
• Planning is the formulation number of alternative plans to guide a project to
completion with achievement of specified objectives.
• Scheduling shows duration and order of various construction activities.
• Organizing is division of total work into manageable sections.
• Staffing is the selection of the individuals who have the expertise to produce the work.
• Directing is the guidance or training of work required to complete a project.
• Controlling checking progress against plans, which may need modification based on
feedback.
• Coordinating is a structure which is made for bringing all departments together for
problems and its remedies.
PLANNING (HOW TO DO?):
PLANNING IS THE PROCESS BY WHICH A MANAGER LOOKS TO
THE FUTURE AND DISCOVERS ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF
ACTION A PROJECT PLAN SHOULD GIVE DETAILS ABOUT
PRODUCT/WORK (QUANTITY AND QUALITY), TIMESCALE,
RESOURCES, COST AND ORGANIZATION ALSO MONITORING AND
CONTROL.
IT WILL INVOLVE:
• CONSCIOUS AND EXPLICIT AWARENESS OF CORPORATE GOALS.
• ESTABLISHMENT OF PROJECT OBJECTIVES.
• ARTICULATION AND EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVES.
• SELECTION OF MOST SUITABLE ALTERNATIVE AND
IDENTIFICATION OF ACTIVITIES REQUIRED TO ACHIEVE
OBJECTIVES.
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION PROJECT:
1. Building Construction: Residential, Commercial, Educational,
Recreational, Hospitals, Hotels, Marketing facilities etc.
2. Infrastructure Construction: Highway, Dams, Canals, Airport, Railway
station, Bridge, Pipelines
3. Industrial Construction: Petroleum refineries, Steel plants, Chemical
plants, Automobile industry, Other factories
4. Special Purpose projects: Environmental works, Emergencies, Remedial
works, Installation of equipment
FACTORS RESPONSIBLE FOR PROJECT FAILURE:
Bad management:
• Bad management is the core problem for failure of project.
• Poor management does not allow a systematic process and work efficiency.
• To prevent failure, we should well manage the project.
Lack of communication:
• Bad or lack communication will make the project fail.
• It will make us could not be able to maintain the schedule and cash flow.
• Communicate well with each and other.
Placement of improper officials:
• Placement of improper officials is like a misfit brick in wall which effects
overall construction procedure.
• Placement of right candidate at senior level may reduce many of the
execution problems and hence reducing major chances of project failure.
Lack of planning:
• The planning of the projects with optimum utilization of resources.
• Even if the resources are there in abundance, the project execution may
collapse.
• Well schedule all the resources.
Research:
Before any project can even begin, research needs to be developed to see
if the project is feasible.
If research is not done, the project will also failure .
Team work:
Each Person on a team is an integral part of success.
Be team orientated to be more efficient.
Decisions:
Late or no decision making will fail the project.
Decision should be made at the correct time.
Conflict:
• Conflict between the staff is a factor that makes the project to fail.
• Communicate nicely, it can avoid conflicts.
Money:
• Money is one of the most important factors in constructions projects.
• Without money you cant do anything.
High expectation on low returns:
• In the Initial Stage Every one like to keep Long Step to reach faster but
fails to plan to success instead plans to fail.
• Choose the project which the company can handle.
Materials deficiencies:
• Projects fail due to material deficiencies.
• Mistakes of the people, who order the materials.
• Make sure the quantity of materials is enough for the project.
A Bad leader:
• A bad leader will lead the whole project to failure.
• No one will obey a poor leader; they will not follow the instruction
given by the leader.
• Select a leader, he/she should treat the subordinate nicely and must
have the ability to in charge a construction project.
Poor organization:
• If the job is not dividing suitably, failure of the project will occur.
• To prevent this, we should have a good organization chart which divide the job
integrity.
• Make sure everyone is in the suitable position.
Lack of will:
• The success or failure of a project is directly proportional to sum of total will
power of all those are part of the project team.
• Put more will to the project.
CONSTRUCTION TEAM:
WHO IS PROJECT MANAGER?
WHAT DOES A PROJECT MANAGER DO?
The Project Manager is the individual responsible for delivering the project.
leads and manages the project team, with the authority and responsibility to run
the project on a day-to-day basis.
Most of the time a project manager is a project owner.
He or she is responsible for the leadership of the project from inception to
completion.
The project manager leads the team and helps negotiate the multiple
relationships within any project.
WHAT ARE QUALIFICATIONS OF A PROJECT
MANAGER?
Have a sense of ownership/leadership.
Work collaboratively.
Use both sides of the brain.
Have writing and design skills.
Be able to facilitate.
ROLES OF A PROJECT MANAGER:
1. TO HELP FORMULATE OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES FOR THE PROJECT
AND OPERATIONALISE THEM TO ENSURE THAT THESE ARE
ADEQUATELY MET.
2. TO ENSURE AVAILABILITY AND EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF PROJECT
RESOURCES.
3. TO PREPARE AND ENSURE APPROVAL OF ALL PROJECT PLANS.
4. TO APPROVE ALL OPERATIONAL PLANS AND PROCEDURES AND
INFORM PROJECT STAFF OF THEIR DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES.
5. TO MONITOR AND CONTROL PROGRESS, PERFORMANCE, QUALITY
AND EXPENDITURE.
6. TO ENSURE SAFETY STANDARDS AND CONFORMITY TO LEGAL
REQUIREMENTS.
7. TO SERVE AS THE PRIME POINT OF CONTACT FOR THE PROJECT.
ROLES OF AN OWNER:
1. To provide land or site for construction.
2. Should appoint an engineer for technical requirements of work.
3. Should supply plans, working drawings to contractor in time.
4. Should make arrangements for funds so that regular payments can be made
by contractor.
5. Should supply materials and machinery if it is part of contract.
6. Should not interfere with progress of work.
7. Should not suspend the work temporarily unless it is in his interest to do so.
8. To take possession of completed work timely from contractor.
ROLES OF AN ENGINEER:
1. To organize and supervise execution of construction work.
2. It is duty of executive engineer to prepare estimate.
3. He is responsible for explaining plans and provisions of specifications.
4. He should see workmanship comply with provisions in specifications of
work. i.e. Concrete Grade
5. It is his duty to invite tenders for works.
6. In some complex items, engineer should give sequence of work and explain
method of construction to contractor.
7. It is duty of engineer to prepare accurate, proper and reasonable
specifications.
8. To keep all tools and plants in working conditions.
9. To assist arbitrator during hearing of dispute.
ROLES OF A CONTRACTOR:
1. To provide materials and equipment for execution of construction work.
2. He should carry out work as per plans and specifications given by engineer.
3. He should make regular payments to his labours.
4. He is responsible for any damage to persons or adjoining properties during
execution of work.
5. He should submit bills of work as and when required.
6. He is responsible for safety of all labours and personnel working at site and
to provide all safety equipment to workers.
7. To handover completed work in sound condition.
8. He should submit claims for any extra items in due time.
9. He is responsible for timely completion of project.
WHAT IS WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE?
It is a chart in which the critical work elements called tasks, of a project
are illustrated to portray their relationships to each other and to the
project as a whole.
It can help a project manager predict outcomes based on various
scenarios, which can ensure that optimum decisions are made.
A WBS takes the form of a tree diagram with the "trunk" at the top and
the "branches" below.
A well-structured WBS resembles a flowchart in which all elements are
logically connected.
WHY BREAKDOWN A PROJECT?
It will improve project management control.
Creates clear milestones:
• clarifies progress
• improves decision making
• motivates team members
Easier for individuals and departments to manage.
Better cost and budget control.
Short term predictions are more accurate.
Managing
Director
General
Manager
Project Manager H.R Manager
Safety & Health Environmental
Officer Officer
Site Admin.
Site Agent
Site Agent
Site Engineer (structural &
(architectural)
infra)
M&E Site Supervisor Site Supervisor Site Supervisor
Coordinator (structural) (infra) (architectural)
M&E
Masonry Work Carpentry Work Bar Bender Work
Supervisor
Labors Labors
Labors
CONCLUSION:
Management is important because it is the study of how to make all the
people in your organization more productive.
Management doesn't just teach someone how to inspire employees to be
more productive, it also shows managers how to be good bosses.
