Environmental Pollution and Weste Management ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (CAUSES, EFFECTS AND CONTROL MEASURES ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION ss ne of apap of palin as 1 POLLUTION. rsbmuncer ae prevet in ccacenrio which can coe unesabic flere cant snd his {vironment Sources of Ar pollution Souces of pli re of to pes. Natal sures ‘vpn, Fares fe, Blois! dea, Polen grainy, Marshes, Ranactve mates. Arif tasifation of Ai Polar BESay Pollanar ae ose at efor by ein with ot Fe OL HO ocr ant hoses cle indoor oation Inde a plan opine pala The mo ae pote Reopened Rong materi ke Wick, coer, ties, tht are deed fom Ron seb fod inate ga and groundwater a i cmd wile being ed ming inte had ne me nepal C0, 02, HCHOEnvironmental Polution and Waste Management “Health ejecs whose hung ition and damage Eaves uel effects iol Sulphur Diode Is stoves acing foe fc sch coal ond. Wes fe Environmental effec involv edced ils and aid deposition on ess, lakes, sil sed Heath fee nae oe uct wasn ing Same, baci, asta ed feaape eee to sod sg ea ake Frcccurs on cath du to reaction between Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Nitrogen Heal tec ict stig pubes, cough, ey, nos nd ont ‘ead et sola and lhl onic net fs Sompouade te emted ta he segoapbere as finan Sources Pat, Sechers atta refnerie), teed manfactue, sorage bate, ended ects: Lead accumulates in the body and brain ed Environmental Effect cn bar wifEnvironmental Pollution and Waste Management Asirocarbons orfeTayrocuibons acca eo dey of vegetable mater, Human eect Ty ot Haman’ sources’ Post. Seles, Chroma tanutsctiwe. Choeizn plang eat fer: Peston oan sp Dust parce induces sully sons, sani, sore throats, dey cough, buning eyes, chest pia agazavted anand soos onc ON alana dace ifc om Planes ifecy on Moers ‘Gt especialy fee 2 Onone athe morphs ‘Sdards conto Racie seaure that comb adopted inthis ition aneEnvironmental Pollution and Waste Management Rowe dened aWater pllaton: Came, effects aad control messes ‘nora, bila or raloica tn water, ths degrading i ly an eadriog om According to Wate plltion at (1974) cetamintin f water o sock eration of the bc health or my, oro domenic, commercial, adil apical o ober legate ue to pollatant whch canbe classi int flloning Fonte ones eeegen pogo cides Bonerexy S)Physea pean Physical poi i change in physical poperics of water eg ‘epee cows thy. repented woe ce is conned de io mais be comet ‘soded wea bk mig see, ‘Surface water: Wate stores Iie hnge ocean, ats, and ves te. called rice wie ‘et potted en contaminasts pesticides, fertlizes) o waste lesched rom ladil and sep Sources of Water Polio Poi tay nce aricual roofer debs ton aditowatrsaye coumtye euicacve waste fom reprocessing pint ie Eland cared bythe Gulf tear‘hone aceams, ounsdr of siles fom whee they onpmallyexteedtbeemwocneat 1) Wastewater With illo of pope ome planet, dpi of waste ater ier poblem, According Yo te ep cere by the Wold Heats Ormeation (2017), more then to blon people karen lth eo fenulzers used by fumers also add mien Yo the si, which drain into savers and seas, Raia washes fetlizes 3) Industrial waste: odowtial waste cosine pollute ike aibesion, envy metals end, mer 4) Radiactive waste scien proenes. Tey canbe fade wes, clock, tlevnon ets end ay machinery. Thee ae uatiy. Marne water i pei fected by tothe rela of gidsenageBjroving garbage on open round a wae odin mpl of alien wpcisicdesebea mucin he Geet Lake ofthe USA, which were cared tee fom ope by balla wate. nthe Black Se aman jl clled Mumioi lib ede fs tock by 90 £8) Thermal plato: isthe degrdstin of wae ual by eto aloe warming, ther la an inerense in ter tp ‘Ai potion: When cars, reks and power pls tu oi fi, hey nit petite it thes tod fl oo and ad wae bois. Esc of Water Piiss tent wo the development ofthe eld m ete and ely(e M.A sgnGcetexttple of sieciy expome ‘charged wos bud into Miaamath Bay ‘The discharge ineloded high concentrations of metivkneretsy Te tay ‘such a fh td sels, povsing the am Ivelnood fe lea! resend fichermen om ee ea. Fo ‘cases of Minamata disease were cesiied. Minamata disease peaked i the 1950s, wth severe cases suffering bain ics, sock and real file, Habitat ease wie the ame given tothe aa cadmium poioning of soot. The caesium a ober heavy metals ascunlaed atthe boon ofthe ver and in the water of he iver va then und to ignte the rice ils, Te ice abobed hensy meal, especialy the cadniven. The ‘speared Syrome Symptoms ssclade ahornes f bresth and ae colrmaon of kin Nite powocing is fequen in Rajan eo hada atoe water Sev len ave ded ths poten, teth and bones. Cron hgh levee ide ca edo skeletal oro, cae tens nd pn the Arsene: The inaedite symptoms of sete asec pissing include 2) etrophicaton (Gr r= well coursed: Although poaphore od nivegen ae secemay fr plan roth called as evsopicaon Ima alu wigge occ algal Hooms Ike eed ie,own ide, a ihe growth of Pewee sia ig snlecelle cpiinn tt can elete vey pom wore When th-TPAETE or ae exten newo- and hepitoin are eleted which cn il asia abd may pov wheat hang sesh poisoning. otnina cened ig ala lows are ak vp by selfish nbn, oper aad enachlrobenzene GICB), PCBs (plhlrated tipo), menomtislmeraty show omaataioe‘ype ieee aad cicltry system. Some can cause pede prblens o cancer May POPs ae capable tet ie of salon to epene incon BOD, change a dian and etna behmiot end metabolic env ‘nls Musine plac potion has impacted at east 26 species werd, inl 5 of al ea tse, {Hot ofall ead spesies nd of al marine mammal pein The ign cde fans aslo (i spl deoys the ning sity of fr easing mammal, sich tates, andthe water epelecy of ‘ied eter ts birds ad mals wll deem poten. May ids and ania gest we they ‘lrg iver, changes ia beast and espiaion ates, Sa exovon abd reproduction impasest. Oil also adversely ‘aves ence feting the whole food web, Under exten oc poenged exponre 0 sedents, hee it Fotowing ater pollen:2, yheventng vil rein: To prevent wate lm geing poled, we should prevent si ersion SyCteaing of waterways amd the haache: Cleming i egies on «requ ass, Travel hough ike Sigh and Kerley doing ean ing ‘ysis shold behave more responsibly Most of nde tw ther res it the ive sHould be dipesed of peopel. Taunt we aso seqaied to modify heir methods of sing develop techniques © prevent weer pollaion. . For example, Ronikee bed CCensl Busdng Reser ase © Avoiding hazardous material I ato ext 8) Complince with all the laws regarding water pollation: Elfctve implementation of 9) Sewage 10) Easting io thedigmin oti ely, Dead bd shad ot be ic me Media involvement: People sho Ul be educated on the ar fectsolid Waste Management (SWM) 1. Definition Solid Waste Management is the systematic control ofgeneration. storage, transport, processing, and disposal of solid waste in a manner that 3 protects human health and the environment. + Solid waste refers to any discarded solid materials from households, industries, commercial areas, mstitijtions, and agriculture that are no longer useful (e.g., food scraps, paper, plastics, glass, metals, textiles). * Municipal Solid Waste (MSW): Commonly known as trash or garbage, primarily from households and similar sources.Characteristics * Soli hemical, and biological properties that influence management: Se I oe * Physical: Density (typically 100-400 kg/m? uncompacted to compacted), moisture content (high in organics, affecting weight and decomposition), particle size (important for sorting/shredding). * Chemical: Organic (biodegradable, c.g., carbohydrates, proteins) vs. inorganic (non- biodegradable, e.g., metals, glass); energy content (calorific value for incineration); potential for leachate (polluting liquids) or gas production. * Biological: Biodegradable portions decompose naturally, producing methane (in landfills) or compost; non-biodegradable persist, contributing to long-term pollution.2 ources of Solid Waste Residential waste — household garbage Commercial waste — shops, offices, hotels Industrial waste — factories and industries Institutional waste — schools, hospitals Municipal waste — street sweepings, parks Agricultural waste — crop residues, manure 3. Types of Solid Waste Biodegradable waste — food waste, paper, leaves Non-biodegradable waste — plastics, metals, glass Hazardous waste — chemicals, batteries, paints Biomedical waste — hospital waste E-waste — electronic items like mobiles, computersWaste collection + Waste transportation Waste processing and treatment * Waste disposal 5. Waste Segregation * Green bin — wet/biodegradable waste * Blue bin — dry/recyclable waste + Red bin — hazardous waste * Segregation at source is the key step in effective SWM.. Methods of Solid Waste Treatment + Composting biological decomposition off * Vermicomposting — composting using(earthworms + Recycling — reprocessing waste into useful products + Incineration — burning waste at high temperature * Pyrolysis — thermal decomposition without oxygen + Sanitary landfill — scientific dumping of waste 7. Disposal Methods * Open dumping (not recommended) + Sanitary landfill (safe and controlled) * Incineration (for hazardous waste)8. 3R Principle —* Reduce — minimize waste generation _2Reuse «Recycle — convert waste into new products aoe eae em * (Extended version: 4R / 5R — Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover) 9. Impacts of Poor Solid Waste Management + Air, water, and soil pollution * Spread of dise * Bad odor and visual pollution * Gr nhouse gas emission * Harm to animals and humansment Rules (India — 2016) Mandatory segregation at source * Door-to-door collection * Ban on open dumping and burning + Responsibility of local bodies and citizens 11. Advantages of Proper SWM * Clean and healthy environment * Resource conservation * Reduction in pollution + Employment generation * Sustainable development