UNIT-3

Polction and hin Lesh heth aspet o enwinon

Public
mntal þolltion wtr boltin Az ollitirn,
pollution,An
þoldion
Soie þolutn
þoltin, Soil
Nose polltin solid nast mamagm
Q:- hat doo o mean by Pollution OR nuiwnmntal follto
2 hat ae thi cuss and ources oß folltion2 What a the
etects o6 follction?
tal
dibe the vanious tytes oß nwonmn
ballution
Ans PoLLUTI ON C OR ENVIRONMENTAL PoLLUTION):- Addition
of amy ndisuable matrial to envinonmut by a natal the
due to humanatiy
Sowrce oz hih adueseli btets
muironmnt
quality o
opulation groth Rapid
CAUSE of PoLLUTIDN-O Fast
G Rapid webamigation )Excessire
wseof
t
mdustalizatiom chmicals S) Sxploitatin
Beigers, nsesticidy and othu

natue
Besidus hs matunal
()
bhnomina ike
fiu G) samd,olust
Foruat
O Redioativity
ete al
volcanic
6 stion
caUse folltion.
SoURCES PoLLUTIDN
o

SOURCES:
ANATURAL and gass froduced from Bonst
firu
O Smoke volcaniceistion
2 Gass releatedfrom
3) Radioo
(5)
(B)MAN

2
)
ust, stigm
releasd
(6)Gass -MAD E
and
(OR
from
dwt
Smoke atomobile

(3) eforustatin
4) Soi
dcay
AN THRO PoGE NIC)
trm
Bustiliges bstiids
Explosies,
and oistudin
saste due to ov
pt
of ougamie matt
SOURCES:
ete.
ete.
lusti,

of natwralhabitant

populalion,
industraliga
thn

and o wzbamizain
(5 Nular explorn buileing
dam et.
lonstution oß nos,

EFEEcT of
PoLLUTDN
teet and globa waming
Q
greem Howse
Sncrease
Aid ran
G) Desltion in ogone layr
G) ast dipleting malinal mources
 2

(5) detnionating quality componts oß emrnonmnt

6) Natual balan F) climatie chamge 8) Dammg to

eLosysm a)Sneasd inidniies o

fonnhation
TYPES of ENVIRON MEN TALPoLLUTIDN:
AJR PoLLUTIoN. Any wwantid change in thaysicnl,
chemical and biological nobenties of ae ohieh adisly
attets iing bitys amdAnyonopuy.
nartd ehamge n physical,
(2) WATER_ POZLUTIo N
oß watin whila advisly
biological froputis
Chumical and

wnwantid change
in physical,
) SojL PouTIo: Any
propetis o6 boil hhich
acisly
Chmical and
atfets iving
biological
beintys am rpy
Unpleasat louol somd is noise

a,at
PolLuTiDN polltio
NOLS E krswn as noise
and
S)
md
RAO
isturbing
IO ACTIVe
lavee
PoLLUTIDN
o
pollution
matinial
:
noise s krou
oß

anl boe heth radioative thyi types and classi

Discw
þollutant?
brust i eniron
ficstion.
PoLL UTANTS
:- Anyubstamce
te envinowmint
alits
whih adwesly
mint
TN TS -
TyPES of PoLLU TANTS- Gass aticulates,mitls
:ete.

CHeMICAL poLLU
O
noise, readialion
Heat, odowr,
(2) PHYsi CAL PoLLUTANTS -orqamism,þapulaton
(3) BioLDGICAL POLL UTA
N TS_-Nicro
of POLLUTAN TS
CLASSI EICATION TANTS
SECONDARY PoLLU di.
- Jhose whiehaenitted
APRI MARY AND
() PRIMARY
he
POLLUTAN TS

ad
rmain n h Borvnn whieh the
Rnon source
eg; ah, smoke, dust
ete.
Ry
a added to Rriomt: whieh ae Boned
2 SECONDARY PoLLU TANTS - Jhose
and some
Chumical itnattisn betwwn pollstatt
by
titents in nvimunt
fuwt
ocidus amd hydrDcArbns au two primag
to Born purnyacyl nitrat cPAN)amd
Follustantb,thy nentt monu tocic.,
zoneha tho eeonolany folluttas ohih
ane

(B BIOoEGRA DABLE AND NDN- B/DJEGRADABLE POLLUTNTS.

 2) B100EGRA DABLE POLLUTANTS Jhose whieh
quickly cegadedl by natwnal maang eg domus
tic het
seoagl, con dung fuat thinal emnY ek.
eithi
NON
do not deownpose
orz

GRAOABLÈ PoLLUTAN TS - Jhose wieh

or decomhose
:ey sloly, n
natwral [Link]; polyethylne, wasti slatie bat
bott
Les, OT ete.
- WHAT IS ATER PoLLUTION WRITE ITS CAUSES (soUR
CES) eFFECTS AND METHODS To cONTROL
Ans: - WATER LUTiDN:. Ary uwatid changen
o watin ieh
physical, chmical and biological ropucties

adersely allects living amd pnopy

buimgs
CAUSES (OR SoURCESY oe WTER POLUTIDN:
G) 0oMESTIC WASTE NATER: - E ossts wasts Brom
toilit Kitm, domustiu [Link].
s cisehazged
2 INDÚSTRI AL WASTE WATER: Wast watir

Brm arius indwsties like leatr, pabz,tctle, Bti

iger, soaß ete.
(3) AGRICULTURAL WASTE WATER:
-Use of ehmicals aueh
as insectiidus, þlart ntits, futilizsan
wastsete

4)SUSPENDEO PARTICLES - Swzae wat

onctains
ete
i

soids bactia, þrotozoa

concenttin :of
6 DTHER SOU RCES
suspndd
Aid rain decay oß lants oran
mals, oils ete N: P0LLUTlD
WATER
EPPECT oP
) Poltid wn
zoblms
onsund
ati
humam
diarihae like
by caluss
yphoid, hepa
Variou health
titi ete. ontaining ehmicals reach
hum
2) Sndustial etluts JRood seh
as tßsh
an body thrrouh otaminatid swtae hati
dtigts covtaminat
6) ferctiizesahd utilts tor algae, promoti growth of oxy
wh they at as oy9
gn osutming lgae whieh aduts the 0ocdiwsolved
Jen) lel of t kiling tih and oth aquatiu orgas
Non- biodqadable btiids travel through food cRai
4) wuu thy acaulat in the
avd wttimatld ruah Rim hmam act
tisses amd ateet th uevos systm
atty e folltants advnsey atfect auate orgaisms
S)
) Radioative folltts inton humanthrough
attect
Bood chai

and wti amd advrsly bollutats

) Pluonide abollustd
cause tuorosis

Cortiued wttae
ms nudin mntal
watr caws
ttardation, Bailwre ot organs
mg,
and een doti
 CONTROL DC WATER
PoLLUTIDN
dne miing oß indstial wast n naitishoutd be
(2 Wast wati shoued be tuatd in EfAlttuatmnt
slart (ETP) betone disposal to watin boies Cooing tuad.
gin in ETPe) PRIMARY TREATMENT; a phy
.
bical oroces inolres thesepanation of large mactnials
e) CHEMICAL TREATMENT: -a biological orocss caied
oet by micno- orrganism TERTI ARY TREATMENT:
a bhsie- chmical process
the Bhsence o utits
umastwrbidty causedby
3 Pomds, lakcus hould be regulany eaned of aquatic
Weeds and blant.
e Bothing, washing oe. should be þrohibitid in sonls
laksete
S) Bebone dunping the industial wast into wat bodis
thiy should be thata chnicay to rumore orgamic
Lopounda
Sbetone throuwing industial
should
stances
be truotehically

z)Thawse oß othtic

(9
biodegadable dtngnt
ed
Publie avas aboit
dd
watir poltin
used

(6) Escebsise of futitiges,insctiids should be

sast
t unove

be

hould be Creeatd
ito watn bodisth
the

should be minimisedd
hamßul sub

dsug
orz

(o) stit uls should be made to awoidl oatn polltion

e-iscws the anious mcthods o buiying wat

Ams:- Some thepiication mthos

oß
)REVERSE OSMOSIS MeTH OD:- Snthus
motho, Watr is
Borced bemibumeable mmban t

nwartd Aobamces and

Beltes
froduces clae,Bush
dhinkg watn s passed
2 UV Me THOD: UVraditin
Betuud wtn. Uv light kills hanful orga
through ceear,
(3) D1STILLATION METHOD- Wat s borld to þrouce stiam

a:- WHAT
nds
whieh Bombue
IS
to
NOISe PoLLUTIDN
Wato.
WRITE ITS CAUS ES cOR SOU RCES)

cONT ROL.
ErrECTS ANO METHOS To oß nleasart amd
PoLLUTION:- A Sownd
me- NolSE
amnog natut physical
is a Borm of bolltion
CAUSES LOR SoURCES) OP NOISE PoLLUTION; -Nbise pation
s dueto ineased industalization,wrbanizaionamd
V poþulation
JNDUSTRIAL SOURCES; ndustial mos isaby- froduct
onsvation - Textile
Tetile mills,
mills, frinting b
ing establishmts,mtal horRs ete whn albig malin
hyoks thigh speed gnat botima
|2
lans
Tramsporttion
ete
high hoise
sossueh ds automobiles train auo
S) Eccessie wse oß crackes ot occassions like ttivals,ma
niags ete
4 Pbie adduss systm souces, ueh as loudspeakr at
th occassion oß Rstiral, neligious BumEtion, marniage
funstion, dimsttion ete
S)Agcural maehinsrces sehas thushers,tat
Ons torm maehimeis ete.
ofhw miscellamous sowzces swehasey ommiial addven
232) road. Constutin ma
Til ngineing nstution horks ete.
(EFEECT OF NDIŠE
PHYsiCAL EFPECTS anborany
oß heaning pumanit daatnus,oamage
te
PoLLUTION::
- eh s imamnt
(0)PHySIoLOGICAL EFPEcTS- suh as headache'"pan n

puantreduced' Vsib, ous breeakoon, reduced

concentttn ete
)PSYyCHOLOGCAL EFFECTS_:-uehas defrssion,distubed
sleep educed ebticitny initation, atigue ate

4) EreECT ON ANIMALS_.-0 amage to heant, brrain,livrete,

thee ae
(5) oTHER E CeECTS - 9thas ben obveothat
dutets amomg ehildn
imureased nidunces of bith
bon to moths nean igh noie froducg soweces.
NDise pollution also
a honaathe
developint ofomams
of NOE TION; can be

)
CONTROL PoLL U
t
otbictiely kovttio.
meass
RECEIVER'S END: -For
ed by taping tollonong
beople onking
)cONTRDL AT THE ean
AT SDURCE :
aios should be used
proticion
at Baces, moisy
2)SuPPResSIDN DP manamce - NOIS E
Prußuz ubica
machinus (u) Using siln
tiandl betin
non
o

automobiles n) Sstallin noisy

Lote molse

machius in chambsyv)ake
which moke less
ana dsiged machins
nois
SILENcE ZONE: - Jhue shoulol be slnce 2
3)CREATING
 hear usidnial aras educational stitutins am
Rospitals botnen sowce amd uui
istanoe
9) AcOU TIC zONING noisy industial
anms
Ve uld be inased
anuas bustnminals railwa
bwstominalpLaking
s) PL'ANTING
aong
noi
TRÊES
roads, hosbitals,
zeduction
staltms
- p,%,
geemnrees and shnbs
ete.

edu cadiol institutions

TRUcTIDN STAGE:-) Sond
te. hulp in

SouND JNsULATION AT CO NS

tiavels
the CrLeks
through the
hat u lt shold
bethen
be
doon
baCKed.
nise th space should
amd wall. Fo Oreducing blams %glas
windtws withtible
constug
y
the gap with absonbing matia
sound Walls,
amd tellig
les, blyWood
ete can be
)Acoustibe
ceilings et
awaens about minamce of moisL pollion shou
Ro
Public
be Crreateo.
meases sould
shold be enfoncedd to cb
B) stict legislative
noise poitim POLLU TI0N? O1ScUSSITS CAUSES
- WHAT IS LAN
COR SoiL)
To CONTROL
EFRECTS AND METHDDs - Adotion of substances to the
LA ND PoLLUTION Chemical amd
advesely attects the phuysical, no
bgiL Whieh land and educes its
ß
przobtithe
biological
bioty oRsouRCES)
SoUR ES) oR
of LAND
LA POLLUTIN
CAUSES :-Disbosal of ndustial waste
C) INDUSTRIAL WASTES tha soilavers
amd occ to
y ames nt Uban gazbag e, bb
URBAN JASTEs :- Wastes lonsist o

tocie tydroca.
ih amdwieh
whieh emit out boionous gans
ete batia
bons hasmful
himicals ust n industial nastb
(3) CHEMICHinstly writh watn oz indirecty thogh
ai (aid rai Jhse ar wsed CruByiel! nase
RTILIZERS: to

3cesse use of ehumical Gtiligscauss soil fallu

ion. aue wsed to protiet
S PESTICIDEShuse
Eccesire use O pesticis causs
rom busts.
to leßostatin, oen gag
boil soluion
9 SoL EROSIO N:-t is due
inigalion and dutecteve
unplannd
agricwtual Þractice
 RAOID ACTIVE WASTE- Radioattive
and ucla þro Cesse penttst bubstamces Brom
the boik
d Jaccmulate h
B ceeating soil pollin
3) oTHER SOURC ES :- Some sth pnces
sorces by whih soiR
(6)
ay aid rrain nlipalganboge
hatn
ay improþu Crop
EFEECTS ofSolL PoLLUTION
)Sndustial wastis consist
aVarit
which ae toric
of
wieh oß chemicals
tocic to
to
frood chain cawsing
living beings and
iing
a beaof
Onum oß
thuse etn the
2) hat ndisable etsts.
ndisrable etets.
mixed th umamexcta, sevage Kils micno.
orgamismand educesthe
3Gazo dge and duad aimals cneat
oe diseases.
bad odowz

4)Mctallic lontaminant(H9 zn,cd etydstioy

ogai stul
þrust in boil and cause human
S)pestiidus saet gaduay hougk the boil and ovtain
ot umdzgzounddinking wati
sSvral psticids absonbed by
Runa reackh aminals and at
beimgs via foodcphn andahamgul.
So erosioh dereas mimal lotint and soilfutili
ty th
'Radioastive lltants froduce great human misy
Ohn Bood containin rradioative mulie is taken
mn in human
)Soil folltin due to bewage causs diseass
beimgs leke dysntny, chol&a.
CONTRO L Oe Soi:L PoLLWTION
o Byninimising the gniatin oß
of solid Wastis

(eRplogng fropal distosal mthods like incinera

ion oß nonbidaadable solis,comtositing oß biode

wastis have be froþoly teatiat bouze

(2)Sndustial to

4) Usechmicalttigs cam be zeuceol by aslying

bio-ftizs an mamus.
oß
Biological mithos og put
Used.
can also be
otinig Wastis e hastis can be
Sewage ogaic
tamsned insto mahune Bor agrieutw
 Cattle dung shoula to rouce gobargas and
be use
good manul though gas plarts.
gobar
yneeimg soenosin and
salination of the boil
Fay froviding dzainage aysttm
Pulic awadis negndin
e)
fnabun agicutual tilda
soe polistit shold be czetid..
m
and
e Formatin
|9) of stihgtnOpolltin
pollution contol legislation
thin
Q- WHAT
imlettin
tective
AIR PoLLUTION? RITE
IS ITS CAUSES (SO0RCESEFF
ECTS AND METHOS To cONTRoL.
s-AR PoLLU TION: unwatd
f awe
hange mm
bhyical,
Chumical amd biological froputius
iving beings anol frfety
atfeets
AIR PoLLUTNTS : Jhe
poltion
dlisable conbonnt amos
Phre aLsing a
Az folltats
Patticult
GGass
Asb- le- cad- Me
Hydo- 0ust Smoke Smg mi
stos ao cu
So SD3 H2S NOx Co C02 cazbons
CAUSES (OR SoURCES) of AR POLLUT1 DN
)3eorustaion 2) Fossil fuel ombustion )Populatun
esclosion Sndustaialigotlon (5)Urzbamigation e)vehiculaz
eminsion Use oß pustitd, insetiddis B) Natnal phuno
muna like volcanic t: enuptim, rnadioatiity tont
tire, ducay of vegttion ete
EFPECT
ERECT
oPALR POLLUTION COR PoLLUTANTS):
oP AR
POLLU TION ON HUMAN

ruspintory aystim (3) Snenease

þatticult colse spinatoy damage 5)
-

() Sruittotion oß ye, obe and throat 2)9itation o

as ezease
nn
mortaliity u) Niekee
baticu
Ltts cawse Kidney amd livn damag (6) Muzcwy faticults
caLse meve, braint and kidmey damage
cauuse lead foisoring 8) Radiative
deal patticulates
gal ouct has somatie
()
cadmm

amd gni
)EPLECT of AIR POLLUTID N ON PLANTS: -
PoLLU TANT ECLECT ON PLANTS
Bleaching oß leawes, hlorobus
NO Przematu lea& Ba,upprussed gg
Nezcos,leat damage
PAN CPuroocy
mitate) Pruatune leat Ball, diseoloing
 EFRECT og AlR DN ANIM ALS:- whnaminal
PoLLUTION
eat þaticulat cootd plants,thy gt
attetid withaset
nie posoning
o)EF£ECT
Lead þoisoig, Bluonn,
boL
oe AR POLLUTIGN
posonny ete.
DNCLI MATE.. pon
CSSnerzeased gun howse etteet leads o global Waming
whieh aheets the climate
U) gone ayv duflction causs hanful uvrays t neach
to eath
E )EEECT of AIR PoLLUTION oN MATE RIALS:
)coOsion (u) humical attack (lD Abrzasionli)ebosition
and umoral matirial.
o

CONTROL OA ALR PoLLUTION

The
tant
btWay to ovchot ai
fornotin att the
follition is to pruvent
sowzce oz at leastto keep
follu
them
minmnm duing bustion oß Bel by
SmoKe can be rzeduced
highn.
(2) coruet method of Bining() Maintaiing Abso
gaseous bollutotts by
obusttio
6) cotol of Condson e) humical neatons
2ption Asonstion
in atories
Use oß tall himney difltinstu
paticubte matt;
4
y using
5) Coool oß
mt
nwntt buek as a) Scruwbbes(b Cabrie tittsc) cyelne
Eutostatie pruihitators
separatos e)atomobile polltion by:- (aoewloping
bile pol
G)S Cotoe
cortul oß
of
of cNGLP (asewould
ot mgins b) Good quuality
yes aydogn, battiy
bsed and polutin Bree fuit (alooly
Use og Bittes GDGoo care e
þoncn) shd be dweloped c

automobiles
kF) Modification
in ndstiial processsand equipmntts
to educe emsbin
S)ABBostotion ain pollution should ae
uss negardimg
creatd tol legislatiun andicts
K1o) Pormotin oß
tict polltion
mflemmtotin
A-
otbective
WRITe AN expLANATORy NoTE ON
PU BLIC HEALTH
ASPECTS
an outome oß the intization batn
ns-()Human heath s

amdthwn enrinmit
matwral cyels,TsoZces
people
e)'Distwbanceof eLosystm and
sowces
dapetion, Wastutm and boluctino matral
abbeet human health
3).Commoncold, inlnza, hickn pac,tuberculosis, lna
camcen, [Link] disLass caused by aþollufion
G holzn,
watr poltion
thod,dystig hepatiis ete ane diseasis caused
y°food fboisoning isthe ooo - borme diseass
o) cancen is cabed by hamhul inonmtal ecposu
mokimg, alehul onsumstion ete
tobacco rutiti
G)The kay 3 attaning a goo heath is based on froþr
om, ayailabity oB
oB,ageaße diniing wato, immumizatin
aginat mhectlous diseasts ete
K6
majon
Aanatinities of aa fheatthuy burson au; Absnwßhy )
sical discomfort (6) cheerfues (e)sub
amd slt, utot
Cnince a stale mntal attitude (e Creedom Bron
dsiass f)Ethusistic (g) Cowrage tacerealiy h)Etoi to

? 01ScUSS ITS eP£ECT. solid

is thedspersedLmt
a-WHAT ISSPM? How iSIT fORMED (SPM)
paticulat mttu and man
Pns:-Suspnded (oo
aize lers than in atosphe Bor
im gaseusphase having ete. fawssgde
smok
a

dust long time.

FoRMA TION
mes

OPSPM:- SPM
bzces
scawsid due
wtoz Vehicle wse Q
()
to Bolowing
ndustu
souzces

(A) Human prodwt.

neluole;
al Pone tion y) mbustion
brzocess G
Soll2 stomrolcamic
B) Nüwral bowces inelude:
eustion 4) sat baticles Brom evasorating
ete.
S) Bastnia, tumgi, polln
EPEÈcTS OPSPM :
A EFFECTS oP SPM ON HUMAN HEALTH:
nate
( Rssratoy pobms2carcincgnic
3)caussgastrontstinaldamage,kiver Kidney danage
(4 Reduced visibilty
(B)EFFEC TS OP SPM oN vEGETA TIDN SPM reduces theligkt
eai ton photosytthusis 6Past and neluces plant geth
(c)E FFECTS of SPM ON PROPERTY )coodus mtalsepisoloue
and panid gau (e) Damages
suustn Cand auctomobites,
INE SoURCES OF AIR PoLLU
TIATE THE POINT ANO REFER
6OIEReREN AR PoLLUTION AS SPECIAL
TIoN How CAN YoU cONTROL
eNcE To PARTIcULATE MATTE AND LINE SOURCE:
R
POINT SOURC E
0IPAERENCE BETWEEN
Pns- LINESoURCE nos
PoINT SOURCE tis a sowzce os ai

) t is the bowce whie cass l

wat fallctiopy thtat linea

oß ain bollutanto.
iet zelease
soe
tis one dinnaimal
2) thas mo geomedimnsAn oB an folltlion
B) t is a stalionay suceplantek )Tt js a mobile source
3mdustis ow vehicles nails
J higkay
 CONTROL MEASUR ES oF PARTICULATE MATTER
BAG HoUSE AILTER:-9n this tchmique, folited g
tant
lt
O
fassed
and
hrough
behind
a
alws langas
trorms
tabrue

a tlin lust
Pt.
to
ouct hi paticult
Jhe þarticulati
mat inside the bag
pollu
t
mat as as a tiltenimg mediwm fon fwthu removaloß þact

2) ET SCRUBERs Scubbes ae thdvices ohieh seasti

anticulat y adsonsti
othuz liguid or the nmoval oß
any
absonftiom.
clean wti s intoluced ito asbray tone

fallstatid gas Rlosubhnd

þaticulate frsnt ie
[Link], hatidaoßlts cot
Aothe
atn
hith natn d&ts
raye
dros
aining facticulates sitlown endun
he bottom fthe
nd en
granity and ecitott fro
spray toren
ga
:-ExpLAIN WHY THERMALPOWER STATIONs ARE THE MAIN SoU
RCE oR PoLLUTIDN -
Soln- Athmal bovezstalion is a foveplat in whichthe
more is stian. Wt
sheatao to broucestean wpi
brine
rotstis nbn and fraducus dticity
th ervinntal sses lotd with
a
.
Collosing
themal þowen plant
COal base
(> Emuionuntal imisaet buatiaral stage:
thrmal ow plartis paltion
au. li
munstion,
thumal ponblantá
Wast watr bouces;-
of A

plat pu6 Soo M cafaeity zegius abot

hinaL bonz hatn
millin m o

due to
m.
thal pone plats:
14

(3) A folltion
Pticult mattor
bollttin Brom foint bowzce
(as Ai
gases emsson, Sulphwr ligie oxidsoß nthogn canbon
monoidecarbon ioieydrocabonsete.
non-poit sowree; .Tramsbortttionog
6) Ai pollutinfrom
Coal, coa loading and
and obonttion ete
is learthat thu
img Arom abve discusson,it
ae main owce solltion ofß

a -
mal boner tadions
How ARE AIRPOLLUTANTs cLASSICIED
Ain polltantts
th

danited accoinding to onigin,

Ans;- mposifion amd htat oß matto
ehemical
A) AccoROING To oRIGIN
PRIMARY POLLUTAN TS :foumd hose cohichareemtd
as hueh egi co, ND So2hylio
duuctly

to the ativosphwe and

a

carbs ete
(2)SEONOARY chmical on
wed Brrm the primay folltatts dueto gora funooy-acyl
Photochmical neastins i ttnosphue ag:
 (2)
itrat bhotohmicalsmog et.
()AccoRING To CHEMICAL oMPOsITI DN..
)ORG ANIC POLLUTA NTS ogamic in natie:-
auids efe,
g ydrocan
bons,aldelyds, ketones, carbox
) JNORGANc eoLLUTANTS
Sox, NO, Dg efe.
:
carnbomongani
MAT
C) AcLOROING
)
To STA TE Oe
GASEDUS PoLLUTANTS
and do mot mormaly
TER:
:
Jhose whieh get
sttuot
eg: cD, Co, So
miced weth a
NONH3 ete.
(2)PARTICULATE PlLUTANTS
RsluTANTS: :
Jhose okich crstoB Biny
ivide solids Smoke dust ete
Q:-OIScUSS THEe ARus souRLES ANO EF£ECTS Of AIR
PoLLUTANTS
Son
U
PoLLUTANTS SoURCES
cazbon monoile bustion oB
(co)
ntmo ECfECTS
wmcombinus hith haet
globin Bomn
mobile echawstin-cabocy haemogle
dustial blasstRuna- wieruditces bn
ce, smeking
capacty oß and
deth
leado
Combustion, ushination,
|Readace lumgs
2)carbn dioxida Smoking,ducay Headalhe, subboca
(CD2)
tion, qlobalwamin
coal anl
mbustion oß coal
oßan enased breati
onbustion
9) Sulbhun diacide botalewm produas, thu rgti and feeling
(SD2) mityoß ai stavattbr
a
mal bathn, kocttion, playee
plant acid rain,
Autcal
Auplc acid
|daimag
londt
and uspiinatorg
4 Ntiogn
CNO)
oxidus combustion ob foil
Buels, atomobieeha-
diseass
Reduced
wsts thmal þoezplant supplys taas
ecplosies,mistiL actd ivitaion oß thot
plasd, ightunng eyes andmose,loss

bhotoehumical

6) Hydogen sphide piolemn industuy,

ma blat ola

tretnt pat\Healoaehe, sleep

lessmus iita
cheal
mil indusy apr n o [Link]
bosonscell
gme,blockage
plant damag
 (3)
6) ogonu(03) Photbeemical reations 9rutation ob lmgs,
thoat,
in atmosphue, reatins eys amd
induceol by Ait
þaim, Coughing blant la
detie dlisckange mage, damals claths
daagbhstehmiu
have
)Hyrocazb ongame damical ind
carcinoGnie
Somlyd
SolydrocanbTs
ebets, bhoto
CCxHy) omog, peant
pthaleum utinenies,Chmic
automobileehaut olamage

Mining,incdusthies,
Ressinty diseass,
taociety Bommctauie
mtaltungical cbations ungs cane
usts
powe stotios
RITE ITS CLASSI EICATI ON
Do yoU MEAN By SoLI0 WASTE
?
-HAT
CAUSEs, EFPECTS AND METHODS To cONTROL
ae thobe bolls gass, aze ohiep
WASTE: Nastes
Ans- SoLIR - Solid
huma
wseless by
Wless by beings g plas
discarded and rendred
te, falthene ete. WASTES -
CLASS/tICATION OF
WASTES
SOL

(1)DOMESTIC Waste pasu and slasti

:
- Thuse ineude
wstis
loth ete.
and
Brom houseed
ubbish
Prepartion,
(2 MUNICIPAL WASTES Jhuse
ete.
–
inelude gazbage

fromhoss, oices,hotls,markts
- Jhse nelude )Non- forous wasts
WAsTES ohicf
(3 JNDUSTRIAL Wastis þackg wasts
ete
caftira uon
Sueh as oRiceto and industies (b Prrocess wasts
ohichoepnl
ane ummon lke ashs, humials
all
bing manbactired
th yhe oß broduets
baints de. Thuse inelude crOþ usidues rom
4AGRICUL TURAL WASTES_
agicutwral
(5)
fielals.

MS CE LLANEOUS WASTES
-()
ete (6) Biologieal
Radioatie Wastis fromnu
brodutts suca
Leaz bonz p2ots, oboratbris
Toie ubstantes sueh as heavy
as ezyms antibiotis [Link] ete
mitals Suoges, utiudus,
CAUSe of s8LI ASTES
AOV ANCES IN TECHNO LOGY. -deadig to lage seale fro
duttion oß osumable goods
(2)OVER POPULA TION -
Rsponsble for niruased
gneratiom
each howse.
oß gabage Brom
oueto availability ob dissosal
3 uSE AND THROW CULTURE
tem eke cotainus, glass,bottles ete. - deading to
(4)GRowTH IN cONSUMPTiON B AS EX Soc|6TY_
consmstio oß ittms
imereaseol cneatid ewlibe st
(5)JNCREASING URBANIZATION-thos at mas s eale
seh asovelokint oß new nstetion
PACK AGING TecHNoLOGY :-ueto eym
Le
6) AVENT O
 (4)

POLLUTION
EFAECT O£ SOLID WASTE
Wasta matinial causes bise
dazge amont oß solid ,ddispo
0S
rroblens .st solid wastis oleompose ohil othus ont
sable Ongani
ane are Vey
Vey täcieto lising bumgs Thay tn
nustial Wustis
mb oß wmisbable elet
2
the toodchain causing a
la Hobital Wasts pollit eninmnt witha vanity of pathog
Rns that ateet huma health
A d Nots chock th toes na langez of malnia
rusults in the breecling
oß mosquitbes
and dnge andueto deomposition oß hastis solid
Smele asthtic and publie heath
s) Bad bollute
wastis causs
6Dumsing oß solid
broblems bwming oß wast froduts
ain dueto
)Noisus Bumes
oß
follte
lasti
ike bwming
CONTROL oUsOLIDWASTES: of domstigarbage
thugnnatim lau Brom okue
minimising matrial ot fropuz
the wnwantid
thnoing
thel can beeasily taknBorBon takn oistosal

the solid wastus isbosal like lunl

(3 ray reylim nthods onsolid Wastu
using vaious plveigatin ete.
4 B
minuatin, byolysis, and utiisng theat to wam us
oi sastus

dintial and euse) cuture

(2:e. reduce, Urecye
(6 ay adofting3R'
should be cruatidnegd inthis
( faet
Pbie anatnuss
ulb should be m e Jeee-TING AN ENVI
fOR
THEVARIOUS CRITERIA
Q-OIScUSS
MENTALLY SA£E SITE foRWASTE OIS POSAL Land
coosing
Bastons should be. considd
RDN tor

sts
Folb soba
og solid wass, wastus
Bel Bor Bon disposal oß solid
) Sulbint
Gor a biod
land arais awailable
timu
ot like colleeton
2) Miim
Long
noudt,olisposalrotte, local tiattic
oth
disposal distane
ete
Bactons
are also wnsiduud
neae theland Bllsite
>coven matrial should be avatlable
So, th boLl onoition oßthebit is onsicuud
to be considued
4) climt condtin oB theaua has
ls) to ts be Rsed andthe
tht the movemtt
the groumd wato
oglea ehat
ses kom the landtil hillmot untaminat
6damdBel it should be enwonmuntally accektasle hcth
rUspeet to odo,dst,Vectbr ontioe ete.
) Proposed land Be sit should be masþeal prußly
9-ExPLAIN MeTHODS oeDIS PoS AL og SoLID WASTE s
 Ans-
() LAND
Follongs
FLLIG-
are the miths of
ths mthodbolid wstus aeduntd
n
disposal o bolid astis .
into low Lying aea,solid wasti dumfed in lay oß i-s
is

amd eaeh layo is eoeud with

is20 thitns boil.m ot

Eaeh lauyr thn lut out Bon swendays amd thu comßation
cariee ot Rorzsittlemit butoe staimg hiling th
iti
neoct layrnsetiids (like 0T) bþraydL on the toßto
þruwent breeding o mosqitos amd flis
2) cOM POS ITING:'- lombositing is a bialogieal þroces for
ast by
ueomßosimg bolid hast icn-onganbm Sn this mathod
lombost 'sile is consutid by making altnnat layn ot
ogamic matt and
bocl· Sovteftillsensand
rrelanly adcdd
raulaaty
aiatibn for
.Soli wast is tnd
ov

anobie batnial deomposition.

at ane

G) JNCI NERATION:- Simtin mens

frcly onstiutid. heasth fnau.
Nasti in Te
t

B:-WHAT ARE oICLERENT CoMPONENTS of SoLI0 WAS

MANAGEMENT
haste fundamntal
Pns: - Solid mamagmnt tompniss thru
oBurations; oß bolidnaste
CoLLEcTION : coleetin s thulirst frocess
of solid wasts from
t utsto colleetin intititisry nd
managemtas Tsidnces, eommuial
bueh oth plau
þleus estabishmts isand rouss oß bolic
industial the beeond
Processig ts bea
2) PROCESS1NG tuters to the Process aFpliad
hasti mamagmt. otB matrial
hasti to rapau it Bor acyling þrDces oß bolid haste
thid.
Os PoSAL:-oifosal is the
slaing og olic wasti
dnthe ti
t6
mamagemnt. tuters
usting blace.
(9,: WHAT DD You MEAN By SoL|D WASTE MANAGEM ENT WRITE TS
oBTE CTIVES.
Ans: SoLID wASTE MANAGEMENT: Pwzfoseßul and systmatie
nratin, storage, coletin, trasport, seanation,
bosi -
Lontol oB
ge rueying, coveny and dipasal of bolid wast
oBTECTIVES of SoLID WASTE MANAGEMENT- Jhe objectives mam
tllise
& sid watmanagmnt a to lontie, coleet,lheat,
mannu weth the brate
oustis in eunomieal
and dispObal
oß bolid
lie. solid wasti managmut onfriss thzee Bun
ction o
damtal
þublic
;
oßatins colation, bnocersing and aisposal oß soeid
wastis These ae callud theeebasic funamutalalemnts ot solid
Jast mounagemt
 A:- SEA IS A MATOR SEQUES TING MEDIUM Of CARBON .TU
TIfy IT. is abborbod
in the Born ob carbondiocide
onvets nto corborats
Ans: carbon ai whice
wotor to fBom
carbonu
sea
and bicarbonatis of SoLI WASTES>
THE MATOR TYPES
a:- WHAT ARe yus o solio wastis a; O Muniibal
wast

Rrs;- The Various ( ndustial wasts 4)Aicultual wasts

(2 Domustic wasts