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Performance Evaluation of Janata Bank Limited: A Study on JBL, Pabna

Corporate Branch

Article · June 2016

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Global Journal of Research in Business & Management Vol. 5, No. 2, June 07, 2016
[Link] ISSN: 2454-3128

Performance Evaluation of Janata Bank Limited: A Study on JBL, Pabna

Corporate Branch
Md. Touhidul Islam
Pabna University of Science and Technology
Email:touhidpust@[Link]

Abstract:
The study applies performance evaluation of Janata bank limited, Pabna corporate branch, Bangladesh. It means evaluate
how well the company performs. The main aim is achieved through ratio analysis and trend analysis of financial position
and overall activities of JBL. Its main objective was to compare and examine empirically the Financial performance of this
public [Link] main data collection from the annual financial reports on JBL, Pabna corporate branch from 2009 to 2013.
Financial performance are evaluated through two method -Trend analysis and Ratio analysis. Trend analysis are
conducted for total deposit, total loan, total profit or loss, total foreign remittance from 2009 -2012. Trend analysis of “total
deposit” and “profit of loss” show chronological grow from 009-2012, total loan and advance is the highest in 2010, foreign
remittance in 2010 is lowest than other year. Different financial ratio are evaluated such Current Ratio(CR), Return on total
Assets(ROA) and finally measure and analysis the performance for the period 2009 -2013. The graphical analysis,
mathematical calculation and comparisons are applies for measuring the position of income and expenditure, net profit,
total deposit and advance, foreign remittance, loan and total profit for this bank. Current ratio is lower than that of
acceptable ratio [Link] current ratio improved over time marginally. The situation was almost stable. Return on total
Assets(ROA) increased Gradually but the Percentage of Return on total asset is so poor. This study found that all results
of financial performance measures go in favor of this bank average. However, the results also show the JBL, Pabna
corporate branch is improving overtime considerably in those ratios and financial trends during the period under the study.

Keyword: Financial performance, Trend analysis, Ratio analysis, Janata Bank Limited.

1.1 Introduction
Bank is a financial institution, which accepts money from its customers as deposit and gives money as loan to the
borrowers. A bank is financial intermediary a dealer in loans and debts. The principal acti vities of the Bank are providing of
all kinds of commercial banking services to its customers and the principal activities of its subsidiaries are to carry on th e
remittance business and to undertake and participate in any or all transaction, and operations commonly carried or
undertaken by remittance and exchange houses. Financial ratio analysis is a useful technique to measure, compare, and
evaluate the financial condition and performance of a Bank. Ratio analysis enables a credit manager to spot trends i n a
Bank's financial performance, and to compare its performance and financial condition with the average performance of
similar businesses in the same industry. We have analysis and compare the financial performance of Janata Bank limited,
Pabna Corporate Branch by Ratio analysis and Trend Analysis.

1.2 Banking Sector in Bangladesh

The gradual improvement in the overall policy environment has enabled Bangladesh to improve its economic performance
in recent years. Successive governments in Bangladesh have been confronted with the problem of stimulating the
economic growth rate in a country where a substantial segment of the population lives below the subsistence level.
Economic policies are still guided by five year plans. Nevertheless, some progress has be en made over the years, such as
self-sufficiency in food grain production, reducing the population growth rate, poverty alleviation and boosting export
income.
The banking industry in Bangladesh is one characterized by strict regulations and monitoring fro m the central governing
body, the Bangladesh Bank. The chief concern is that currently there are far too many banks for market to sustain. As a
result, the market will only accommodate only those banks that can transpire as the most competitive and profita ble ones
in the future.
There 57 Banks in Bangladesh (2013). They are categorized as follows -
Category Number
National Commercial Bank 04
Specialized Bank 05
Private Commercial Bank 31
Foreign Commercial Bank 10
Islamic Commercial bank 8
Table: Category of Banks in Bangladesh.

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Graphically presentation of percentage of banks in Bangladesh.

Fig: Category of Banks in Bangladesh.

Banks are the mainstay of the financial system of a country of a country like Bangladesh. Because of close relationshi p
between economic and financial development, the banking system must be robust, resilient and sound for efficient inter -
mediation of financial resources. For this required sound and prudential financial regulations. Although our banking sector
is so strong and healthy, the role played by it in our economy is remarkable. Banking sector of Bangladesh exhibited a
resilience performance in spite of comparative economic sluggishness. It has been playing a vital in the economy by
providing credit for performing economic activities and at the sometime conglomerate the surplus capital from general
public through different types of depository incentives. But for the sound lending management, appropriate strategies and
well planned are required. In the recent year, Go vernment has taken initiatives to reform in financial sector, such as
maintaining discipline in banking sector, steps for prevention of money laundering, loan write-off policy and
effective measures to gain accountability and transparency in banking sector. These timely steps have made the
banking operations more transparent, acceptable and modern. As a result, the image of banking sector has been
elevated.

1.3 Organizational Overview (JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch)

Junta Bank Limited, Pabna Corporate Branch started its operation on February 17, 1964. Janata Bank Limited,
Pabna Corporate Branch is situated at the 2 nd floor of Latif Real Estate Building , Abdul Hamid Road, Pabna
Sadar, Pabna. It has been providing banking services for the customers of Abdul Hamid Road, Pabna.

1.4 Objective of the Study

• To know about the banking sector of Bangladesh.
• To get an overall idea about financial position as well as to know the performance of JBL, Pabna corporate
Branch.
• To evaluate and analysis overall and comparative financial Performance of JBL, Pabna corporate branch,
Bangladesh.
• To provide some recommendations according to the findings of this study.

2.1 Research Methodology

(I) Sources of Data
Both primary and secondary data have been collected. I have gathered primary data by observation and from the personal
interview of the Executives of JBL. Mainly I collected information from them and the annual report of Janata Bank
Limited that was provided by the Pabna Corporate Branch. I used journals, Annul Reports, brochures, manuals and
several books on Finance and Banking to prepare this report. The audited annual financial reports of this banks
during the year 2009 to [Link] data was collected through personal review of the below listed sources and types
of data.

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(a) Primary Sources:

• Direct interviews with relevant personnel.
• Expert’s opinion
• Official records of JBL
• Direct observation

(b) Secondary Sources:

• Janata Bank’s Annual Report – 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011,2012
• Janata Bank’s Instruction Manual and Training manual.
• Relevant paper and publications
• Relevant books and references.
• General Report
• Project Profile
• Bank manual

• Various Publications

(II) Data Analysis Method

I analyzed the data to find out the required information. I used necessary number of chart and graph to present the report.
Basic statistics, Excel or any required computer program used to process the data. Based on this quantitative data
analysis the final report was prepared. Trend analysis and Ratio analysis are conducted to present and to compare the
financial performance of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch.

3.1 Data Analysis

Performance Evaluation of JBL (Pabna Corporate Branch)
Core value of Janata Bank Limited-

Fig: Core Values of Janata Bank Limited

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Financial Highlights of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch

The Financial Highlights of Pabna Corporate Branch are presented here in a table. Financial Information is summarized
here from 2009-2013(The amount shown in Lac)
Table:01 Financial Highlights of Pabna Corporate Branch.
Particulars 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
(Feb)
Total Income 325.83 363.03 436.62 630.47 105.00

Total Expenditure 237.83 249.83 299.87 485.65 104.12

Net Profit 88.00 113.20 136.76 144.82 0.88

Total Deposit 4360.88 5220.29 6180.87 7832.12 7282.65

Total Loan & Advance 2864.75 3229.75 2921.55 2979.82 1749.67

Total Foreign Remittance 1196.88 779.12 873.14 1117.00 241.30

3.2 (a) Comparative analysis of Total Income & Expenditure (Pabna corporate
Branch)
Table of Total Income & Expenditure of Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -2013)
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013(feb)

Total Income 325.83 363.03 436.62 630.47 105.00

Total 237.83 249.83 299.87 485.65 104.12

Expenditure

Graphically Presentation of Total Income & Expenditure of Pabna Corporate Branch:

Fig: Total Income & Expenditure of Pabna Corporate Branch(2009 -2013)

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3.2 (b) Comparative analysis of Net profit of Pabna corporate Branch

Table of Net profit of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch (2009-2013)
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013(feb)

Net Profit 88.00 113.20 136.76 144.82 0.88

Graphically Presentation of Net Profit of Pabna Corporate Branch:

Fig: Net profit of Pabna Corporate Branch (2009-2013)

3.2 (c) Comparative analysis of Total Deposit and advance of Pabna Corporate
Branch
Table of Total Total Deposit and advance of Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -2013)
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013(feb)

Total Deposit 4360.88 5220.29 6180.87 7832.12 7282.65

Total Ad vance 2864.75 3229.75 2921.55 2979.82 1749.67

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Graphically Presentation of Total Deposit and advance of Pabna Corporate Branch:

Fig: Total Deposit and advance of Pabna Corporate Branch

3.2 (d) Comparative analysis of Total Foreign Remittance of Pabna Corporate Branch
Table of Total Foreign Remittance of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -2013)
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013(feb)

Total Foreign 1196.88 779.12 873.14 1117.00 241.30

Remittance

Graphically Presentation of Total Foreign Remittance of Pabna Corporate Branch:-

Fig: Total Foreign Remittance of Pabna Corporate Branch

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3.3 Budget and actual achievement of total deposit of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch
(2009-2013)
Five years Comparative Total deposit of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch are Summarized by the following Table -
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year Target(Budget) Actual(Achievement) Rate (%)
2009 4439 4360.00 98.22
2010 5000.00 5220.29 104.40
2011 9000.00 6180.87 68.68
2012 7500 7832.12 104.43
2013 9000.00 7282.65(feb) 80.92

Graphically Comparative Presentation Target & Achievement of total Deposit of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -
2013)-

Fig: Target & Achievement of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch (2009-2013)

3.4Five years Comparative Total Loan & Advance of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch are summarized by the following
Table-(The amount shown in Lac)
Year Target(Budget) Actual(Achievement) Rate (%)
2009 3110.00 2864.75 92.14
2010 3400.00 3229.75 94.99
2011 3373.00 2921.55 86.62
2012 3000 2979.82 99.33
2013 3200 1749.67(feb) 54.68

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Graphically Comparative Presentation of Target & Achievement of total Loan & Ad vance of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch
(2009-2013)-

Fig: Total Loan & Advance of J BL, Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -2013)

3.5Five years Comparative Total Expenditure of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch are Summarized by the following Table -
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year Target(Budget) Actual(Achievement) Rate (%)
2009 18.10 23.78 131.38
2010 16.68 24.98 149.76
2011 14.08 29.98 212.93
2012 14.62 48.56 332.14
2013 21.70 7.08(feb) 32.62

Graphically Comparative Presentation of Total Expenditure of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch(2009 -2013)

Fig: Total Expenditure of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch (2009-2013)

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3.6Five years Comparative Total Profit of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch are Summarized by the following Table -(The
amount shown in Lac)
Year Target(Budget) Actual(Achievement) Rate (%)
2009 170.00 88.00 51.76
2010 123.00 113.20 92.03
2011 148.00 136.76 92.41
2012 175.00 144.82 82.75
2013 150 0.88(feb) 0.59(feb)

Graphically Comparative Presentation of Total Profit of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -2013) -

Fig: Target and achievement of total profit of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch.

3.7Five years Comparative Total Foreign Remittance of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch are Summarized by the following
Table-(The amount shown in Lac)
Year Target(Budget) Actual(Achievement) Rate (%)

2009 1293 1196 92.50

2010 700.00 779.12 111.30

2011 853.00 873.14 102.36

2012 1082 1117 103.23

2013 1400 241.30(Feb) 17.23

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Graphically Comparative Presentation of Total Foreign Remittance of JBL, Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -2013) -

Fig: Target & Achievement of Foreign Remittance of Pabna corporate Branch

3.8 Performance Evaluation Method

There are many financial analysis Methods which can measure the financial position of a company. In this section few of
these techniques are discussed in an attempt to outline the financial health of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch.
Among the various types of methods, we will use the following methods to analysis the performance of JBL, Pabna
corporate branch-
• Trend analysis.
• Ratio analysis.

3.8.1 Trend Analysis- Trend analysis is a one kind of criteria, which may be used to measure the performance of
a bank. The trend can represent the growth or decline of a bank over a period of time. Here we have analyzed the trend of
total deposit, total loan and advances, Foreign Remittance and net income or loss.

Trend analysis of total deposit

Table of Total Deposit of Pabna corporate Branch (2009-2012)
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year Total Deposit

2009 4360.88

2010 5220.29

2011 6180.87

2012 7832.12

Source- Annual Affairs of JBL, Pabna corporate branch(2009-2012)

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Graphically Presentation of Trend analysis of Total deposit of Pabna Corporate branch -

Fig: Trend analysis of Total deposit of Pabna corporate branch (2009 -2012)

Trend analysis of total Loan and Advance

Table of Total Loan & Ad vance of Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -2012)
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year Total Loan & Advance

2009 2864.75

2010 3229.75

2011 2921.55

2012 2979.82

Source- Annual Affairs of JBL, Pabna corporate branch(2009-2012)

Graphically Presentation of Trend analysis of Total Loan & Advance of Pabna Corporate branch -

Fig: Total Loan & Advance of Pabna Corporate branch (2009-2012)

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Trend analysis of Total Profit or Loss

Table of Total Profit or Loss of Pabna corporate Branch (2009-2012)
(The amount shown in Lac)
Year Total Profit or Loss

2009 88.00

2010 113.20

2011 136.76

2012 144.82

Source- Annual Affairs of JBL, Pabna corporate branch(2009-2012)

Graphically Presentation of Trend analysis of Total Profit or Loss of Pabna Corporate branch -

Fig: Total Profit or Loss of Pabna Corporate branch (2009-2012)

Trend analysis of Total Foreign Remittance

Table of Total Foreign Remittance of Pabna corporate Branch (2009 -2012)
(The amount shown in Lac)

Year Total Foreign Remittance

2009 1196.88

2010 779.12

2011 873.14

2012 1117.00

Source- Annual Affairs of JBL, Pabna corporate branch(2009-2012)

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Graphically Presentation of Trend analysis of Total Foreign Remittance of Pabna Corporate branch -

Fig: Total Foreign Remittance of Pabna Corporate branch (2009 -2012)

3.8.2 Ratio Analysis-

Financial ratios are useful indicators of a firm's performance and financial situation. Financial ratios can be used to
analyze trends and to compare the firm’s financial to those of other firms as well as to interpret strengths and weakness of
a firm.
(a) Current Ratio: This ratio indicates the extent to which current liabilities are covered by those assets expected to
be converted to cash in the near future. Current assets normally consist of marketable securities, Accounts
receivables and inventories. Current liabilities consist of accounts payable, Short-term notes payable, current
maturities of long-term debt, accrued Taxes, and other accrued expenses (principally wages).
Current Ratio=Current Assets/Current Liabilities
The total amount of current assets and current liabilities Of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch are shown in following table -
(Amount Shown in Lac)
Year Current Assets Current Liabilities

2009 7338.31 7188.48

2010 8561.03 8424.4

2011 9055.74 8892.63

2012 10852.70 10511.87

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Current Ratio of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch-

Year 2009 2010 2011 2012

Current Ratio 1.0208 Times 1.0162 Times 1.0183 Times 1.0324 Times

Comment: From the analysis, we can see that in 2009 the current assets were 1.0208 times than the current liabilities
that has not fluctuated much throughout these four years. A minimal decrease is seen in 2010, it Fall off to 1.0162 times
which kept slightly increasing and resulted at 1.0183 times in 2011 as well as it went up to 1.0324 times in 2012. Althoug h
the current ratio of Pabna Corporate Branch shows the ability of a firm to meet its current obligations but its current ratio is
lower than that of acceptable ratio 2.4. Year by year assets have gone slightly up and the liabilities as well, but
proportionately assets were a little higher than the liabilities which actually reflected as a marginal increase in the ratio.
(b) Return on Total Assets (ROA): Return on total asset measures the amount of net Income earned by utilizing
each dollar of Total Assets. The equation is:

Return on Total Assets (ROA) = Net income / Tota l assets

The total amount of Net Income and Total assets Of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch are shown in following table (Amount
Shown in Lac)

Year Net Income Total assets

2009 88.00 7426.31

2010 113.20 8674.23

2011 136.76 9192.50

2012 144.82 10997.52

Return on total asset of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch-

Year 2009 2010 2011 2012

ROA 1.185% 1.305% 1.488% 1.317%

Comment: Although Return on total assets of Pabna Corporate branch Increased Gradually but the Percentage of
Return on total asset is so poor. This may have occur Pabna corporate Branch used more debt financing which resulted in
more interest cost and brought the Net income down.

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(c) Position of outstanding Loan & Advance:

Five years Comparative Total Loan & Advance of JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch are summarized by the following:
Table-(The amount shown in Lac)
Year Target(Budget) Actual(Achievement) Rate (%)

2009 3110.00 2864.75 92.14

2010 3400.00 3229.75 94.99

2011 3373.00 2921.55 86.62

2012 3000 2979.82 99.33

Total 12883 11995.87 93.11

Comment: From the above figure it is shown that achievement rate chronologically increased 2009 to 2010 from
92.14% to 94.99%.Achivement fall off 86.62% in 2011 but this branch has achieved near 100%(99.33%) of targeted
outstanding loan & advance. The total achievement rate of this firm is 93.11% this means the management of Loan and
Ad vance department is proficient.

4.1 Analysis and Findings

Overall performance Evaluation Summary-
After analyzing all the trend analysis and ratios, we have found out the following information:
Trend analysis of Total deposit: The total amount of deposit has increased continuously. So the performance of this
branch is favorable.
Trend analysis of Total Loan and Advance: The total loan and advances is increasing gradually to 2009 to 2010. But
the amount has decreased sharply from2010 to 2012. So Management of this Department should be proficient.
Trend analysis of Total Profit or Loss: This branch has been achieving the profit in every year and profit has been
increased gradually from 2009 to 2012. So performance of this branch is favorable.
Trend analysis of Total Foreign Remittance: From the graph it is clear that Total Foreign Remittance of Pabna
Corporate branch is not stable for each [Link] performance of this department is not satisfactory.
Current Ratio: Al though the current ratio of Pabna Corporate Branch shows the ability of a firm to meet its current
obligations but it’s current ratio is lower than that of acceptable ratio [Link] current ratio improved over time marginally.
The situation was almost stable.
Return on total Assets (ROA):Although Return on total assets of Pabna Corporate branch increased Gradually but the
Percentage of Return on total asset is so poor.

Working Experience & Findings:

As the objective of my study is to make a comment on the General Banking Activities & Performance Evaluation of Janata
Bank Limited, I try my best to collect data for the study and find out the reality. Based on the data generated during my
study period I will sum up my findings here and I think this will help me to achieve my objectives.
Some findings were found those are completely personal views and analysis for this report
• This branch uses manual record keeping method rather than Computerized and online operation.
• Lack of smooth co-ordination in management which results suffering of customers
• Service of this bank is not fully modernized.
• The number of officers in lone & advance department is insufficient to provide service to huge number of
customers of Corporate Branch Janata Bank Ltd.
• Sometimes the Flora Bank online software not works, as result the officers have to fall in hassle by the
customers.
• There is no ATM booth of this Branch.

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But this Branch has lot of strong points to support it as a Successful, skilled and rich Branch of Janata Bank Limited -
we can see that, the objective of JB is to earn profit as well as to improve the economic welfare of the people as
a whole.
• The growth of Income gradually increased year by year of this [Link] it is a good sign of this branch.
• The amount of total deposit has been increased. So the management of this branch is proficient
• The amount of total Loan disbursement has been gradually [Link] ability and performance of loan
disbursement is high of this branch.
• Quality of Services provides level of this branch is now satisfactory.

5.1 Recommendations & Suggestion

5.2 Recommendations
General Banking Department:
• If the enter general Banking system is fully computerized then they satisfy the customer by provide fast service.
• If it establishes most powerful networking system among it’s all departments then it can easily transfer data within
short time.
• If this branch cancels the introducer system then they can collect more deposit through new account and it also
satisfied the customer.

Loan and Advance Department:

• This branch should try to avoid giving loan the political person who had bad reputation of loan repaying.
• It should evaluate the securities value properly to avoid the risk of loan recovery. The punishment system should be
established to discourage the unlawful activities of employee.
• Bangladesh Bank should more active to provide CIB report.
• Central bank should take proper actions for ensuring equivalent distribution of loan and advances.
• JBL, Pabna corporate Branch should follow some straight ward mechanical procedures in assessing the risk of a
borrower.
• Janata Bank Ltd. Should decrease interest rate on loans to attract customer’s atte ntion to take loan.
• The loan & advance department needs to recruit more expert people to provide good customer services in this
Corporate Branch.

Foreign Exchange Department:

• In Foreign Exchange Department it is require communicating with foreign bank frequently and quickly. To make the
process easy and quick the whole system should be computerized and modern communication media for example e -
mail, fax, Internet should be used.
• If it communicates more foreign countries then they provide more services to it’s customers.
• Janata Bank Ltd. Can give attention to the foreign exchange and remittance services to maximize profit.

Without those I also recommend the following matters-

• This branch should introduce as improved information system within bank as well as among the borrowers.
• Janata Bank Ltd. should increase its finance on different projects to achieve more clients.
• This Bank should provide more small loans in corporate branch, so that it can attracts small investors.
• The website of the Bank should be more informative that customers get the all information about the different
activities and facilities of the Bank.

5.3 Suggestions-
This is Suggest that some aspect of Janata Bank Ltd, Pabna Corporate Branch can be supportive for management to
get some pioneering ideas for the probable situations of the identified problems to ensure better progress in future;
some necessary steps are recommended below on the basis of collected data, observation, expert staff’s opinion and
my knowledge and judgment.
• For improving customer satisfaction the information related to customer should be available to the branch.
• For improving quality of this branch so many facilities should be emphasized by the bank on priority basis.

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• While delivering of services friendly behaviors should be ensured by the employees because it becomes a necessity
of customers.
• For better customer attraction the interest rate of the bank should be as fewer as possible.
• The product and services of the bank should be new and competitive.
• For improving customer satisfaction bank should launch customer complain box in this branch.
• Definitely to be competitive and ensuring of faster services for customer’s satisfaction online banking system should
be start in this branch as fast as possible.
• To compete with other banks, ATM booth should be introduced in this branch.
• Product and services should be according to customer’s satisfaction and new one.
• The bank may use the intern student in research work to measure the customer satisfaction, product and service
demand and current market situation of their bank besides the daily work.

Conclusions
It has been discussed about the General Banking Acti vities of this bank as well as financial performance for the period of
2009-2013. I have tried to analysis the performance of it by analyzing trend and ratio of selected factors of this bank.
Overall findings show that the financial performance of this bank is chronologically growing over the period of 2009 -2013.
JBL has to compete not only the others commercial banks but also with the public Banks. This branch is more capable of
contributing towards economic development as compared with other Branches of JBL. JBL, Pabna Corporate Branch
plays an important role in the banking sector as well as in our economy. The success of this bank depends largely on the
efficient of General Banking Acti vities and coordination among the Departments of it.

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