Specification Spec.

no: IOS-MAT-0010
Date: 2005-05-27
Version no: AA-10911-7
Chemical Compounds and Substances

Issuer Signature Authorised by Signature Replaces:

Björn Frithiof Britt-Inger Andersson AA-10911-6
TQE Manager TQE

Chemical Compounds and Substances

Contents
This specification describes IKEA bans and restrictions on certain chemical compounds and
substances due to national or international regulations and/or health- and environmental
concerns.

About this specification

The purpose of IKEA's requirements concerning chemical substances in IKEA products is to:
− Minimise harmful effects to customers' health and to the environment from IKEA products.
− Ensure compliance of IKEA articles with health- and environmental regulations in all IKEA
markets.

This specification concerns chemical substances in all materials and components in IKEA
articles, except:
− Surface coatings and coverings that are all included in the scope of IOS-MAT-0066.
− Leather (see instead IOS-MAT-0011)
− Candle raw materials (see instead IOS-MAT-0049).

Further chemical requirements for the product or constituent materials can be specified in the
individual technical description or in other IKEA specifications (for instance toys and food-
contact products).

Exceptions to the scope may be made in the technical description (TED) for a particular article
or in other, material-specific IoS specifications. The IOS-MAT-0010 demands for the complete
product (section 11) and the general requirements for all materials (section 2) that apply also
for constituent materials not listed specifically in this specification.

Note that the requirements apply to materials in products. This means that it is not sufficient
to secure compliance for a material as it is used in production; avoiding contamination during
the manufacturing process and during storage and transport is also necessary. Example: gluing
together of two materials when VOC's (Volatile Organic Compounds) from the glue can
influence the materials.

There is a guide to this document.

Note! Self declaration forms are available for all material stated in this specification.
These forms are located under IKEA Intranet / Support units / TQE / TQE document
library / Specifications.
The forms are located directly after the specification IOS-MAT-0010,
contact your local IKEA Trading Area (TA) for these forms.

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Table of Contents

1 Requirements for testing and self-declarations/documentation .....................................3

2 Definitions .......................................................................................................................4
3 General requirements for all materials ...........................................................................5
4 Solid wood, wood-based and natural materials .............................................................6
5 Textile Materials .............................................................................................................7
6 Plastics ............................................................................................................................9
7 Polyurethane foam........................................................................................................11
8 Latex/Rubber................................................................................................................13
9 Metals ...........................................................................................................................14
10 Complete Product..........................................................................................................15
11 Appendix A. Prohibited arylamines ..............................................................................16
12 Appendix B. List of ozone depleting chemical substances ............................................17
13 Appendix C. List of tinorganic compounds ....................................................................18

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Chemical Compounds and Substances

1 Requirements for testing and self-declarations/documentation

Verifying tests shall only be made at test laboratories approved by IKEA of Sweden AB. Contact
your local IKEA Trading Area (TA) for a list of approved laboratories.

The validity of a test report shall be stated for a production date or a production
batch/consignment, etc.

Minimum requirement: self-declarations shall be confirmed and tests carried out:

− At least yearly, and always when changes are made, which may influence the content of any
restricted chemical (e.g. change of glue, lacquer etc).

Test reports and self-declarations shall not be older than twelve months. The IKEA supplier
shall within the next working day be able to present upon request the required documentation
(translated into English) if not otherwise stated in this document or in the individual technical
description.

Test reports and self-declarations are to be retained by the supplier for at least 15 years from
the date of delivery to IKEA.

When purchasing raw materials, components or semi-manufactured products, the IKEA

requirements shall be quoted. The material producer/supplier shall confirm fulfilment e.g. on
the invoice. It must be possible to trace used materials/half-manufactured products for each
date stamp.

The documentation demands (test reports and self-declarations) indicated in this specification
are the minimum demands. When appropriate, the IKEA Trading Area (TA) may require a
higher frequency of verifying testing, or testing when verifying test is not the minimum
requirement. Furthermore, IKEA reserves the right to carry out or request random tests
outside regular testing schedule, IKEA pays the cost if the result is a pass, and the supplier
pays if it is fail, unless otherwise agreed.

The IKEA supplier shall have Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) available for all chemicals
used. By chemicals we mean chemical substances and products, e.g. glue, lacquer, solvents,
paints, dyes, additives etc. MSDS’s do not have to be available in English, though upon request,
an English translation of the composition part of the MSDS shall be made available to IKEA.

Exception: documentation requirements do not apply to material components of an article,

which fulfil all the following criteria:
Constitute less than 3% by weight of the product, and does not exceed 100g of weight,
Constitute less than 5% of the outside surface area of the product and does not exceed 20 dm2
of area, there is no specific demand in the technical description for documentation of that
particular component.
Note: This exception does not apply to fittings (i.e. components on fitting list).

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2 Definitions

Test report (TR): a report of one or several tests performed by an IKEA-approved laboratory.
Self-declaration (SD): a declaration issued by supplier to confirm that a requirement is
fulfilled. This declaration can be supported by declaration by sub-supplier (e.g. chemical
supplier).

Contamination limit value: Most requirements in this specification are that certain
substances should not be used. However, when following up compliance by testing, there is
always a level of uncertainty in the testing, and moreover there may occur a low level of
contamination in materials and process chemicals used in manufacturing - therefore the
contamination limit value sets the level for what is allowed in the test result. Note: the
contamination limit value, does not mean that it is OK to consciously use the substance up to
this limit - the striving should always be to minimise usage of banned substances.
Wood based materials: Materials made from wooden particles or layers, e.g. particle boards,
fibreboards, plywood, layer glued materials. It does not include paper or cardboard in this
specification.
Solid wood: Pure natural wood and glued solid wood.
Natural materials: In this specification, this includes materials such as rattan, bamboo, straw,
water hyacinth, willow as well as natural fibres (excluding textile applications) such as banana
fibres, cactus fibres, maize fibres, palm leaves and sea grass.
Textile: Fibers, filaments and yarns and materials made of these such as woven, knitted and
non-woven fabrics. Filling materials made of non-woven, fibre fillings, fibre wadding are also
included in the requirements listed under the heading textile in this specification.
Synthetic textile materials: Textile materials made of fibre material, which is man-made,
and not based on natural, renewable materials, these fibres are called regenerated fibres, e.g.
viscose, lyocell and acetate fibres. Most synthetic fibres are based on petroleum as a raw
material - the most well known ones are polyester, nylon (polyamide) and polyacrylic fibres.

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3 General requirements for all materials

(Note: applies to all materials in a product incl. any material not listed specifically in this
specification under the heading below.).
Substance Requirements Test method SD TR
All carcinogenic Addition of carcinogenic substances X
compounds of categories 1 or 2 (EU Directives
class 1 & 2 in EU 83/467 EEC, 76/769/EEC, Annex 1,
legislation Point 29) to IKEA products is not
allowed. Contamination levels in a
process chemical used, sufficiently
low not to affect the EU-warning
labelling of that chemical is not
considered to be an addition.

Biocides of all Addition to products to impart X

kinds properties to the final product is allowed
only after having obtained permission
from IKEA. This requirement is not
relevant for the materials glass,
ceramics and metal.

Hazardous waste It is prohibited to use any recycled X

in recycled material, which is classified, as
materials hazardous waste not allowed being
recycled either by the legislation in the
country of production or in the country
from which the material has been
exported. If recycled material is used;
limits stated in this specification and in
the respective TED are to be fulfilled.

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4 Solid wood, wood-based and natural materials

Substance Requirements Test method SD TR
Pentachlorophenol Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS (Official
(PCP) including Contamination limit German test method)
salts and esters of value - rubber wood and board materials X
PCP. 3 mg/kg. that contain >30% recycled
wooden material:

- others X

Lindane Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS

Contamination limit - rubber wood and board materials X
value is 1 mg/kg. containing >30% recycled wood
material

- others X

Tinorganic Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS. X

compounds Maximum contamination
limit value for individual
compounds DBT and
TBT: 0.1 mg/kg each (100
micrograms/kg). Sum of
all compounds listed in
Appendix C, maximum
2.5 mg/kg (2500
micrograms/kg).

Radioactivity Maximum level 300 Gammaspectroscopy.

Bq/kg. Audits initiated by IoS.
No regular testing required by
supplier.

Lead and lead Lead and its AAS (Atomic Absorption

compounds in compounds are not Spectroscopy), ICP (Inductively
wood-based allowed to be used. Coupled Plasma) or INAA
materials (not Note risk of (Instrumental Neutron Activation
applicable for solid Analysis).
contamination in
wood or natural - board materials containing >30% X
particleboards made of
materials). recycled wood material
recycled materials.
Contamination limit - others X
value 100 mg/kg.
(Concerning ban on usage
in surface coatings and as
pigment: see specification
IOS-MAT-0066.)
Note: Formaldehyde - for requirements, see specification IOS-MAT-0003.

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5 Textile Materials
(Incl. fabrics, non-woven and fibre wadding)
Substance Requirements Test method SD TR
Pentachloro- Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS X
phenol (PCP) Contamination limit value: (Official German test method)
incl. salts and 3 mg/kg.
esters of PCP

Lindane Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS X

Contamination limit
value 1 mg/kg.

Tinorganic Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS

compounds Maximum contamination limit - Synthetic materials (or X
(see Appendix C) value for individual compounds blends with more than
DBT and TBT: 0.1 mg/kg each (100 30% synthetic)
microgram/kg). Sum of all
compounds listed in Appendix C, - Others: X
maximum 2.5 mg/kg (2500
microgram/kg).

Azodyes capable Not allowed to be used. Dyed or printed textile X

of releasing Limit values for each arylamine in materials: Official German
carcinogenic textiles: below detection limit of 30 Test Method, LMBG Nr
Arylamines (see mg/kg textile product. The limit B82.02-2, B82.02-4,
Appendix A) value does not apply to products paragraph 35 (Food and
made of recycled, coloured Commodity Goods Act).
material.

Flame Usage of flame retardants in IKEA When verifying by test: X

retardants products is not allowed unless Extraction with acetone
specified in the TED. followed by GC-MS.

The following flame retardants

are not allowed to be used:
- organic brominated compounds
- antimony compounds
- chlorinated paraffin (alkanes)
with 10-13 Carbon atoms and a
degree of chlorinating exceeding
48% by weight. Contamination
limit value: 20 mg/kg

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Substance Requirements Test method SD TR

Formaldehyde Limit (16, 20, 100 or 300 ppm), -Test method: X
according to technical description. ISO 14 184-1
Non woven and fibre wadding:
limit 100 ppm. - Non-woven and fibre X
wadding (non-cover
materials)

Organic solvents Not allowed to be used in printing For printed textile X

paste. materials

Alkylphenol- Not allowed to be used. - children- and skin X

ethoxylates (Surface active agents. Examples of contact textiles
(APEO) use: wetting agents, dispersing (corresponding to articles
agents, detergents) with a formaldehyde limit
Sum of NPEO and OPEO (Nonyl- of 100 ppm or stricter)
and Octyl-ethoxylates): max 50
mg/kg. - others including non- X
cover materials made of
non-woven or fibre
wadding.

Chlorine bleaching Not allowed to be used. X

agents (e.g. Exceptions:
sodiumhypochlorite denim, linen (i.e. flax-based textile
, sodiumchlorite) materials) or if allowed according
to the TED.

PVC (Polyvinyl- Not allowed to be used as a X

Chloride) material for textiles. This ban also
includes usage as printing binders.
Textiles made from For processing controlled by the
recycled materials. supplier, the contamination limits
stated apply.
For material sourced for which the
supplier lacks control of
manufacturing, exceptions to the
contamination limit values can be
stated in the TED.

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6 Plastics
(Incl. Thermoplastic elastomers)
Substance Requirements Test method SD TR
Tinorganic Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS. X
compounds Maximum contamination limit
value for individual compounds DBT
and TBT: 0.1 mg/kg each (100
micrograms/kg). Sum of all
compounds listed in Appendix C,
maximum 2.5 mg/kg (2500
micrograms/kg).

Cadmium & Not allowed to be used. Test method; AAS (Atomic

cadmium (Examples of typical use: Absorption Spectroscopy)
compounds - to add colour or ICP (Inductively
- in surface treatment Coupled Plasma)
see IOS-MAT-0066 - Yellow–orange –red X
- as additive, e.g. stabiliser) shades.
Maximum contamination limit
value: 50 mg/kg - Others. X

Lead & lead Lead and its compounds are not Test method: AAS, ICP or X
compounds allowed to be used e.g. to give colour INAA (Instrumental
or as an additive e.g. stabiliser, Neutron Activation
Maximum contamination limit Analysis).
value: 100 mg/kg.

PVC (Polyvinyl- General rule: no component of an Self-declaration from X

chloride) IKEA product shall contain PVC. supplier, stating that the
Exceptions: at present electric product does not contain
cables are excepted. PVC-free any PVC material.
alternatives are always to be
preferred.

Foamed plastic CFCs and HCFCs are not allowed to X

be used.
See Appendix B for list of
compounds.

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Substance Requirements Test method SD TR

Flame The following flame retardants are When verifying by test: X
retardants not allowed to be used: Extraction with acetone
- organic brominated compounds followed by GC-MS
- antimony compounds
- chlorinated paraffin (alkanes) with
10-13 Carbon atoms and a degree of
chlorinating exceeding 48% by
weight.

Contamination limit value:

20 mg/kg (in case there is a need for
verifying by testing). It is not
allowed to use any other flame
retardant in IKEA products unless
specified in the TED.
Exception for electrical components:
at present, brominated flame
retardant and antimony compounds
are permitted. Not allowed are
however penta- and octa-BDE (Brom
Diphenylethers). Bromine-free
alternatives are always to be
preferred whenever available.

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7 Polyurethane foam
Substance Requirements Test method SD TR
Tinorganic Not allowed to be used Extraction and GC-MS. X
compounds Contamination limit value for
individual compounds DBT and
TBT: 0.100 mg/kg each. (100
microgram/kg) Total of all
compounds (see Appendix C):
maximum 2.5 mg/kg (2500
microgram/kg).
CFCs and Not allowed to be used. X
HCFCs.
See Appendix B for list of
compounds.

Chlorine in Isocyanate raw material: max limit ASTM D4661-98 X

isocyanate raw of 0.07% total chlorine content.
material (This requirement regarding the
purity of the raw material used,
aims at avoiding the risk of
formation of foul-smelling
dichlorobenzene compound in the
produced foam).

Arylamines: Limit value: max 5 ppm (mg/kg) for Reference method: Lund X
2,4-Toluene- each substance relevant for foam University method.
diamine made of TDI- or MDI –isocyanate (Extraction and HPLC or
(2,4-TDA); respectively. For compression- GC-MS; Analytica
4,4'-Diamino- moulded foam products, deviations Chemical Acta 510 (2004)
diphenyl- from stated limit might be indicated 109-119). Alternatively,
methane in the respective TED Europur method is
(4,4'-MDA) allowed to be used
provided correlation-
factor to reference method
is taken into account.

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Substance Requirements Test method SD TR

Flame The following flame retardants are When verifying by test: X
retardants not allowed to be used: Extraction with acetone
organic brominated compounds followed by GC-MS.
antimony compounds
chlorinated paraffins (alkanes) with
10-13 Carbon atoms and degree of
chlorination exceeding 48% by
weight.
Contamination limit of 20 mg/kg (in
case there is a need for verifying by
testing).
It is not allowed to use any other
flame retardant in IKEA products
unless specified in the TED.

Phthalates. For Not to be used in filling materials Extraction and GC-MS X

filling for mattresses and pillows. Sum
materials in total of: DEHP (CAS No. 117-81-7),
mattresses and DINP (CAS No. 28553-12-0), DBP
pillows. (CAS No. 84-74-2), DIDP (CAS No.
26761-40-0), DNOP (CAS No. 117-
84-0), BBP (CAS No. 85-68-7): max
100 mg/kg.

Note: In cases when the same supplier manufactures a range of different densities of foam, it is
sufficient that testing is performed of a representative selection of densities - to be agreed upon
between supplier and IKEA Trading Area. As a guideline, the lowest and highest density in the
range should be included in the selection.

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8 Latex/Rubber
(For latex used as filling material in mattresses: see IOS-MAT-0012).
Substance Requirements Test method SD TR
Pentachlorophenol Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS X
(PCP) incl. salts Maximum contamination limit (official German test
and esters of PCP. value is 3 mg/kg. The requirement method).
only applies to materials
consisting wholly or partly of
natural latex/rubber.

Lindane Not allowed to be used. Extraction and GC-MS X

Maximum contamination limit
value is 1 mg/kg. The requirement
only applies to materials
consisting wholly or partly of
natural latex/rubber.

Tinorganic Not allowed to be used When verifying by test: X

compounds Contamination limit value for Extraction and GC-MS.
(See Appendix C) individual compounds DBT and
TBT: 0,100 mg/kg each. (100
microgram/kg) Total of all
compounds (see Appendix C):
maximum 2,5 mg/kg (2500
microgram/kg).

Azodyes capable of Not allowed to be used. Official German Test X

releasing Limit value for each arylamine: method, LMBG Nr B
carcinogenic below detection limit of 30 mg/kg. 82.02-2, paragraph 35
arylamines (see The requirement only applies to (Food and Commodity
Appendix A) materials to which colouring Goods Act).
agents have been added.

Flame retardants The following flame retardants are When verifying by test: X
not allowed to be used: Extraction with acetone
organic brominated compounds followed by GC-MS.
antimony compounds
Chlorinated paraffins (alkanes)
with 10-13 Carbon atoms and a
degree of chlorination exceeding
48% by weight.
Contamination limit value:
20 mg/kg (in case there is a need
for verifying by testing). It is not
allowed to use any other flame
retardant in IKEA products unless
specified in the TED.

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9 Metals
Substance Requirements Test method SD TR
Cadmium & Not allowed to be used. Test method: AAS (Atomic X
cadmium (example of typical use: soldering) Absorption Spectroscopy)
compounds Contamination limit value: or ICP (Inductively
50 mg/kg. Coupled Plasma).

Lead & lead Not allowed to be used as basic Test method: AAS (Atomic X
compounds metal material in any type of IKEA Absorption Spectroscopy )
product, neither in pure nor in ICP (Inductively Coupled
alloyed form. Plasma) or INAA
(Instrumental Neutron
Contamination limit value is Activation Analysis).
100 mg/kg.

Note: For metals and alloys - whenever a specific material standard is quoted in the TED, the limit
stated in the respective standard quoted applies (e.g. concerning lead content permitted). Self-
declaration of compliance to this material standard is in such cases sufficient and replaces the general
and specific material documentation requirements of this specification.

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10 Complete Product
Please note that the requirements below are valid for the final IKEA product as a whole.
Substance Requirements Test method SD TR
Emissions If any shipment of goods deviates No general test
(TVOC = Total from earlier shipments and/or from requirement for each
Volatile reference sample in terms of product required.
Organic emissions/odour, which by IKEA is
Compounds) deemed to involve a risk for When verifying by test: (X)
discomfort or negative health effects RAL-UZ-38 (German
for customers, this is to be standard test method).
considered a valid cause for claim of When sampling: the taking
said shipment. of a sample from
Evaluation to be made by IoS test by production should reflect a
panel of at least three persons. realistic worst case in
comparison to when the
In cases of dispute, emission testing product could reach a
(reference laboratory, WKI- customer (i.e. normal
Braunschweig). handling in factory,
Minimum requirements: storage time and
1. TVOC<1200 micrograms/m3 after packaging).
48h. Default realistic worst-case
2. TVOC< 600 micrograms/m3 after time (counted from leaving
28 days. the factory): 3 weeks.
3. Additional assessment based on
toxicity of individual substances
emitted. In particular,
carcinogenicity to be taken into
account (see general requirements
for all materials).

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11 Appendix A. Prohibited arylamines

Substance CAS No
1. 4-aminodiphenyl 92-67-1
2. Benzidine 92-87-5
3. 4-chloro-o toluidine (2-amino-5-chloro-toluene) 95-69-2
4. 2-naphtylamine(2-amino-naphtalene) 91-59-8
5. 2-amino-azotoluene 97-56-3
6. 2-amino-4-nitrotoluene 99-55-9
7. 4-chloroaniline 106-47-8
8. 2,4-diaminoanisole 615-05-4
9. 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane 107-77-9
10. 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine 91-94-1
11. 3,3'-dimethoxybenzidine 119-90-4
12. 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine 119-93-7
13. 3,3'-dimethyl-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane 838-88-0
14. p-cresidine (2 methoxy-5-methylaniline) 120-71-8
15. 4,4'-methylene bis-(2-chloroaniline) 101-14-4
16. 4,4'-oxydianiline 101-80-4
17. 4,4'-thiodianiline 139-65-1
18. o-toluidine ( 2-amino-toluene) 95-53-4
19. 2,4- toluenediamine (2,4-diamino-toluene) 95-80-7
20. 2,4,5-trimethylanilline 137-17-7
21. 2-methoxyaniline 90-04-0
22. 4-amino azobenzene 60-09-3

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12 Appendix B. List of ozone depleting chemical substances

CFC compounds CAS No
Trichlorofluoromethane (CFC 11) 75-69-4
Dichlorodifluoromethane (CFC 12) 75-71-8
Chlorotrifluoromethane (CFC 13) 75-72-9
CFC 111 354-56-3
1,2-difluoro- 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (CFC 112) 76-12-0
2,2-difluoro-1,1,1,2 - tetra chloroethane (CFC 112) 76-11-9
1,1,2- trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC 113) 76-13-1
1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane ( CFC 113) 354-58-5
1,2- dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane ( CFC 114) 76-14-2
1,1 –dichloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (CFC 114) 374-07-2
Dichlorotetrafluoroethane (CFC 114) 1320-37-2
Chloropentafluoroethane (CFC 115) 76-15-3
CFC 211 135401-87-5
CFC 212 76564-99-3
CFC 213 60285-54-3
CFC 214 2268-46-4
CFC 215 76-17-5
CFC 216 661-97-21
CFC 217 422-86-6

HCFC Compounds CAS No

Dichlorfluoromethane (HCFC 21) 75-43-4
Monochlorodifluoromethane ( HCFC 22) 75-45-6
Monochloromonofluoromethane (HCFC 31) 593-70-4
1,1,1,2-tetrachloro-2-fluoroethane (HCFC 121) 354-11-0
1,1,2,2-tetrachloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC 121) 354-14-3
1,2,2-trichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC 122) 354-21-2
1,2-dichloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (HCFC 123 ) 354-23-4
2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC 123) 306-83-2
Chloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluorethane (HCFC 124) 354-25-6
Chloro-1,1,1,2-tetrafluorethane (HCFC 124) 2837-89-0
Chlorotetrafluorethane ( HCFC 124) 63938-10-3
1,2-dichlor- 1,2-difluoroethane (HCFC 132a) 431-06-1
1,2 - Dichlor-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC 132b) 1649-08-7
2-Chlor- 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HCFC 133a) 75-88-7
1,1- Dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC 141b) 1717-00-6
Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC 142b) 75-68-3
1,3,3-trichloro-1,1,2,2,-tetrafluoropropane (HCFC 224) 422-54-8
3,3-dichlor-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane (HCFC 225ca) 422-56-0
1,3 dichloro-1,1,2,2,3-pentafluoropropane (HCFC 225cb) 507-55-1
1-chloro-1,1,2,2,3,3,-hexafluoropropane (HCFC 226) 422-55-9
chloro-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane (HCFC 226) 431-78-8
1,1,1-trifluoro-3-chloropropane (HCFC 253) 460-35-5

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 Specification [Link]: IOS-MAT-0010
Date: 2005-05-27
Version no: AA-10911-7
Chemical Compounds and Substances

13 Appendix C. List of tinorganic compounds

Monobutylin compounds (MBT)
Dibutyltin compounds (DBT)
Tributyltin compounds (TBT)
Tetrabutyltin compounds (TeBT)
Monooctyltin compounds (MOT)
Dioctyltin compounds (DOT)
Tricyclohexyltin compounds (TcyT)
Triphenyltin compounds (TPhT)

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