VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)

✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 1: What is AI?

Answer: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence
processes by machines or computers.

Artificial Intelligence is nothing but making a machine that is as intelligence as a

human being.

Examples: - Robot, ChatGPT.

Question 2: Write goals of AI (Artificial Intelligence).

Answer: Following are the main goals of AI (Artificial Intelligence)-

1. Imitate human intelligence.

2. Solve tasks based on knowledge.
3. Natural Language Processing (NLP)
4. Machine Learning and Deep Learning.
5. Building a machine or a device which can perform tasks that requires human
intelligence such as :
I. Proving a theorem.
II. Playing Chess.
III. Plan some surgical operation
IV. Driving a car in traffic
V. Interpreting your language
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
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Question 3: Who is the father of AI (Artificial Intelligence)?

Answer: AI was coined by “John McCarthy”, an American computer scientist, in

1956 at ‘the Dartmouth Conference’.

Question 4: What are the advantages of AI?

Answer: Some of the advantages of Artificial Intelligence are as follows:

1. AI machines have high accuracy with less errors.

2. AI machines have high speed
3. AI machines has high reliability
4. AI machines are best suited for risky areas
5. AI machines can give digital assistant
6. AI machines can be useful as a public utility.

Question 5: What are the disadvantages of AI?

Answer: AI has following disadvantages:

1. AI machines are high cost

2. AI machines can’t think out of the box
3. AI machines have no feelings and emotions
4. AI machines increase human dependency on machines
5. AI machines does not have original creativity.
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 6: Application of AI or Areas of AI.

Answer: AI is making our daily life more comfortable and easier and that is why
Artificial Intelligence has various applications in today’s world.

1. Healthcare
2. Astronomy
3. Gaming
4. Finance
5. Data Security
6. Social Media
7. Travel and Transport
8. Automotive Industry
9. Robotics
10. Entertainment
11. Agriculture
12. E-commerce
13. Education

Question 7: Why we need Artificial Intelligence?

Answer: Some main reasons that shows the importance of AI

1. We can create such software or devices which can solve real-world

problems easily and with accuracy such health issues, marketing, traffic
issues, etc.
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
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2. We can create personal virtual assistant, such as Cortana, Google Assistant,

Siri, etc.
3. We can build such robots which can work in an environment where survival
of humans can be at risk like freezing zones, political boundaries, risk
terrain, etc.

Question 8: Explain Domains of AI.

Answer: Three domains on which an Artificial Intelligence depends.

1. Data: Data can be in any form. It can be in the form of numerical facts or in
the form of images or audio, voice, or music.
2. Computer Vision: Computer Vision is when we process graphics and video
to recognize some pattern or trend. For example, when we watch a CCTV
footage and try to match the criminal face for finding the culprit then it is AI
using computer vision.
3. Natural Language Processing: NLP is when we try to understand the
language spoken by the user for communication purpose then it is AI using
natural language.
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 9: Explain types of AI.

Answer: Artificial Intelligence is divided into two categories:

1. Based on Capabilities
i. Weak AI or Narrow AI: Narrow AI is a type of AI which is able to
perform a particular task with intelligence where limited part of mind
is involved. Narrow AI can only perform within its boundary, as it is
only trained for one specific task. Apple Siri, Cortana and google
Assistant are all examples of narrow AI. IBM’s Watson supercomputer
is also an example of Narrow AI.
ii. General AI: General AI is a type of intelligence which could perform
any intelligent task with efficiency like human. The concept behind the
general AI is to make such devices or system which can act and think
smartly like a human on its own.
iii. Super AI: Super AI is that type of intelligence where devices or system
will behave in mire intelligent manner than humans or we can say that
AI machines will beat human intelligence, and can perform any task
better than human with cognitive thinking.
2. Based on Functionality:
i. Reactive Machines: Reactive machines are the basic types of Artificial
Intelligence. These AI systems do not store memories or past
experiences for future action. These machines only focus on present
scenarios and react on it as per best possible action available.
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

ii. Limited Memory: Limited memory is made up of machine learning

models that develop knowledge from previously-learned information,
store data, or events. Limited memory learns from the past by
observing action or data fed to them. Self-driving cars are one of the
best examples of limited memory system.
iii. Theory of Mind: Theory of Mind AI can make a machine understand
the human emotions, people, beliefs, and be able to interact socially
like humans. Such type of machines are yet to be developed and so
researchers are making lots of efforts and improvement for making
such AI machines.
iv. Self-Awareness:
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 10: Explain how AI works in the following areas:

a. Google Search Engine

b. Voice Assistants

c. E-commerce websites

Answer:

a. Google Search Engine: With the help of AI, Google Search Engine has been
turned into Intelligent search which is a new network of systems that produces
direct answers. It uses voice and image searches and has incorporated deep
learning to fasten the searches with more accuracy.

b. Voice assistant: AI is being used in voice assistants to recognize words spoken

by the user. NLP has capabilities like “Speech-to-Text” convert the natural
language of the user into text for further processing. As the digital assistant
answers more and more queries, it “learns” using ML algorithms. The more tasks
it performs, its ML algorithms help it “learn” from the tasks and the preferences
of the user. As a result, the digital assistant improves its performance over time.

c. E-commerce website: With the use of big data, AI in E-Commerce is impacting

customer choices by recording the data of previous purchases, searched
products, and online browsing habits. Product recommendations provide
multiple benefits for E-commerce retailers including: Higher number of returning
customers
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 11: Mention four examples of machines that are not AI but confused
with AI.
Or
Mention four examples of machines that are smart but not AI.

Answer:

• Automatic gates in shopping malls

• Remote control drones
• A fully automatic washing machine
• Air Conditioner
• Refrigerator
• Robotic toy cars
• Television etc.

Question 12: How intelligent robots are helping us in accomplishing dangerous

jobs?

Answer: Robots let humans avoid some hurtful work:

(i) Lifting up heavy material at the construction site.

(ii) Stirring and mixing metals or liquids at a high temperature.
(iii) Collecting and packaging of radioactive waste.
(iv) Working in contaminated and dusty environments.

Question 13: Differentiate between what is AI and what is not AI with the help
of an example?
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Answer:

AI Machine Not AI machine

1 AI machines are trained with data Smart machines which are not AI, do
and algorithm. not require training data, they work
on algorithms only.
2 AI machines learn from mistakes Smart machines work on fixed
and experience. They try to algorithms and they always work with
improvise on their next iterations. the same level of efficiency, which is
programmed into them.
3 AI machines can analyses the Machines which are not AI cannot
situation and can take decisions take decisions on their own.
accordingly.
4 AI based drones capture the real- An automatic door in a shopping mall,
time data during the flight, seems to be AI-enabled, but it is built
processes it in real-time, and with only sensor technology.
makes a human independent
decision based on the processed
data.

Question 13: What do you understand by Machine Learning?

 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Answer: Machine Learning is a subset of Artificial Intelligence which enables

machines to improve at tasks with experience (data). The intention of Machine
Learning is to enable machines to learn by themselves using the provided data
and make accurate Predictions/Decisions.

Question 14: What do you understand by Deep Learning?

Answer: Deep Learning is the most advanced form of Artificial Intelligence. In

Deep Learning, the machine is trained with huge amounts of data which helps it
in training itself around the data. Such machines are intelligent enough to develop
algorithms for themselves.

Question15: Name any two examples of Data science?

Answer:

• Price Comparison Websites

• Website Recommendation
• Fraud and Risk detection
• Internet search
• Personalized healthcare recommendations
• Optimizing Traffic routes in real-time
• image tagging.

Question16: Name any two examples of Computer vision?

 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Answer:

• Self-Driving cars
• Autonomous vehicles Face Lock in Smartphones
• Medical Imaging
• Facial recognition
• Security Systems
• Waste Management
• Satellite imaging

Question 17: Name any two examples of Natural Language Processing?

Answer:

• Email filters
• Smart assistants
• Sentiment Analysis
• Automatic Summarization
• Search results
• Language translation
• Digital phone calls.
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 18: Name any two examples of Machine Learning?

Answer:

• Virtual Personal Assistants

• Recommendation systems like Netflix
• Face Apps
• Online Fraud Detection

Question 19: What is Data science? Give an example of it.

Answer: Data sciences is a domain of AI related to data systems and processes, in

which the system collects numerous information, maintains data sets and derives
sense out of them. The information extracted through data science can be used
to make decision about it

Question 20: What is Computer Vision? Give an example of it.

Answer: Computer Vision, abbreviated as CV, is a domain of AI that depicts the

capability of a machine to get and analyze visual information and afterwards
predict some decisions about it. The entire process involves image acquiring,
screening, analyzing, identifying and extracting information.
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 21: What is Natural Language Processing? Give an example of it.

Answer: Natural Language Processing, abbreviated as NLP, is a branch of artificial
intelligence that deals with the interaction between machine/computers and
humans using the natural language. Natural language refers to language that is
spoken and written by people, and natural language processing (NLP) attempts
to extract information from the spoken and written word using algorithms.

Question 22: Where do we collect data from?

Answer: Data can be collected from various sources like –

• Surveys

• Sensors

• Observations

• Web scrapping (Internet)

• Interviews

• Documents and records.

• Oral histories
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 23: What do you understand by AI, ML & DL? How are they different
from each other?

Answer:

a) Artificial Intelligence (AI) AI is incorporating human intelligence to machines.

Whenever a machine completes tasks based on a set of rules that solve problems
(algorithms), such an “intelligent” behavior is what is called artificial intelligence.

b) Machine Learning (ML) ML is a subset of AI that uses statistical learning

algorithms to build smart systems. The ML systems can automatically learn and
improve without explicitly being programmed.

c) Deep Learning (DL) In Deep Learning, the machine is trained with huge
amounts of data which helps it in training itself around the data. Such machines
are intelligent enough to develop algorithms for themselves.

How they differ?

Deep Learning is the most advanced form of Artificial Intelligence out of these
three. Then comes Machine Learning which is intermediately intelligent and
Artificial intelligence covers all the concepts and algorithms which, in some way
or the other mimic human intelligence. Therefore, AI is the umbrella term which
covers ML and DL
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 24: List down various sensors that are present in a smartphone. Also
list down the type of data which gets collected through them.

Answer:

• ACCELEROMETER [ helps running AR applications and track steps]

• GPS [ Location Data]
• Gyroscope [Orientation Data]
• Magnetometer [ Direction and Magnetic Field Data]
• Biometric Sensors [Fingerprint, Iris, Face data]

Question 25: How does a machine become Artificially Intelligent?

Answer: A machine becomes intelligent by training with data and algorithm. AI

machines keep updating their knowledge to optimize their output.
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

COMMUNICATION SKILLS
Question1: What is Communication?
Answer: The word ‘Communication’ comes from Latin word communicare, which
means ‘to share’.
The act of giving, receiving, and sharing information is known as communication.
Communication can take the form of speaking, writing, or any other medium.

Question2: What is the importance of Communication?

Answer: There are three importance of communication in day to day life-
1. Inform: - we give facts and information to someone in daisy life.
2. Influence: - sometimes we are required to influence someone in an indirect
but usually important way.
3. Express Feelings: -if you are expressing your views or feelings to others is a
healthy way to express them.

Question 3: What are the elements of Communication?

Answer: Communication means giving and receiving, which is a two way
exchange of information.
1. Sender
2. Receiver
3. Message
4. Encoding
5. Decoding
6. Channel
7. Feedback
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Question 4: What are the elements that influence the Communication Skills?
Answer: There are different factors which affecting perspectives in
communication-
1. Language
2. Environment
3. Visual perception
4. Culture
5. Feeling
6. Prejudice
7. Past Experience

Question 5: How many types of Communication methods?

Answer: There are main types of communication methods-
1. Verbal Communication
2. Non-Verbal Communication
3. Visual Communication
4. Written Communication

Question 6: What is verbal communication?

Answer: Communication is a two-way method for exchanging information,
thoughts, ideas, and feelings.
In verbal communication we can share ideas or thoughts in the form of sound and
word. It is also known as face to face communication.
Advantages:
1. We can convey our messages easily and quickly
2. We get response from audience quickly
3. We can securely exchange ideas
4. We can update our speech according to the response from audience
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

5. We can communicate cheaply.

Question 7: What is non-verbal communication?

Answer: Without using word if you are sending some information to others is
known as non-verbal communication.
Some of the non-verbal communication is –
• Eye contact
• Gestures
• Expressions
• Posture
• Space
• Para Language
• Touch

Question 8: What is Visual communication?

Answer: Sometimes we are getting messages from images or pictures. The main
advantage of visual communication is that you do not need to know any particular
language.
Example of visual communication
1. Sign
2. Traffic symbols
3. Sign for flammable substance

Question 9: What is written communication?

Answer: Written communication is that exchange of information, ideas, or
messages through written language in the form of letters, emails, notes, and
more.
 VIKALP CLASSES (Mathematics & Computer)
✆ 8770267847, 9993637572

Advantages:
1. Permanent record
2. Clear and precise message
3. Enable communication over long distance and time
4. Facilitates the sharing of complex or detailed information