Islam is a monotheistic religion that originated in the 7th century CE in the
Arabian Peninsula. It is one of the world's major religions, with over 1.9 billion
followers, known as Muslims. The word Islam means "submission" or
"surrender" to the will of Allah (the Arabic word for God).
ELEMENTS OF ISLAM
Founder: Prophet Muhammad (570-632 AD)
Sacred Texts: Qur'an, Hadith
Doctrines: Five Pillars of Islam
God: Allah
Practitioners: Sunni, Shi'ite, Sufi
Issues: Gender Inequality, Militant Islam, Migration
Qur'an and Hadith
Qur'an-The Muslim scripture is the Holy Qur'an. It is 'the word of God'.
Muslim beliefs and practices are rooted in the Qur'an. Muslims regard the
Qur'an as the unaltered word of God.
Five Pillars of Islam
Shahadah- Declaration of faith, "I bear witness that there is no god, but
God; I bear witness that Muhammad is the prophet of God." By reciting this,
one enters Islamic faith.
Salah- Pray 5 times a day facing Mесса. Muslims are required to pray five
times a day washing themselves before prayer and facing in the direction of
Mecca while praying.
Zakat- Give a fixed proportion to charity Muslims are required to give away
a percentage of their earnings to those less fortunate, regardless of their
religion.
Saum- Fast during the month of Ramadan. Muslims fast for one lunar month
each year, a period called Ramadan. During this time, Muslims reflect on
their behavior and strive to purify their thoughts.
Hajj-Make a pilgrimage to Mecca. If it is financially possible, Muslims are
required to travel to Mecca once in their lifetime
Who is the pivot of the Muslim faith?
Islam’s holy scripture, the Qur’an, constantly preaches Allah’s reality, his
inaccessible mystery, his various names, and his actions on behalf of his
creatures.
Three themes preponderate:
1. Allah is the Creator, Judge, and Rewarder;
2. He is unique and inherently one; and
3. He is omnipotent and merciful.
Sunni, Shia and Sufi
SUNNI-the majority. The split rose from an early dispute over who should be
the leader of Islam after the death of Muhammad. The Sunnis argued that
the successor should be appointed by election and consensus, as tradition
dictated.
SHIA- The minority (Sunni comes from the Arabic word Sunna, meaning
“tradition.”) The Shia believed that Muhammad’s successors should come
from his family, starting with Ali, his son-in-law. These, the partisans of Ali,
were named from the word Shia, meaning “partisan” in Arabic.
SUFI- is the one who enlightens his heart and soul by following
spiritualism and religious practices. Sufi believes in divine love and
focuses on meeting God directly by adopting the state of Fana which
means to purify your heart and soul of worldly desires and
expectations
Islam in 1500 С.Е.
In 1500, located in Middle East, Africa, and Southern Europe
Islam Today
Today, located in Middle East, Africa, and Asia
In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
All Praise is due to Allah, Lord of the Universe
Owner of the Day of Judgment.
You alone do we worship, and You alone we turn for help
Guide us to the straight path;
The path of those on whom You have bestowed your grace, no (the way) of
Those who earned Your anger, nor of those who went astray
THE LIFE AND TIMES OF PROPHET MUHAMMAD
الالم محمد رسوالله
Muhammad was born in 570 CE in the City of Mecca in the Arabian Peninsula.
He was only about five to six years old when he lost his mother. Orphan
Muhammad then lost his grandfather ‘Abd al-Muttalib at the age of eight.
Now one of ’Abd al-Muttalib’s sons, Abu Talib, became the guardian of his
orphan nephew.
When Prophet Muhammad was 20 years old, ne was hired by a woman called
Khadija to take her merchandise to Syria.
Khadija, a widow fifteen years Prophet Muhammad’s senior, later proposed
marriage to him, which he agreed to. They lived together for almost a
quarter of a century, until the death of Khadija about 8-9 years after the
revelation of the Qur’an.
CORE TEACHING OF ISLAM
ISLAMIC BELIEFS
Belief in one God
Belief in Angels
Belief in Prophets of God
Belief in Revealed Books of God
Belief in Day of Judgment
Belief in Destiny and Divine Decree
5 PILLARS of Islam
Declaration of Faith
Daily Prayer
Zakah
Fast of Ramadan
Hajj pilgrimage to Месса
