Chapter 2

Whole numbers

Exercise 2.1

Question 1.

O T IS
Write the smallest whole number. Can you write the largest whole
number ?
N A D
CO N
Solution :
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Smallest whole number = 0
No, we can not write the largest whole number.
ED PR

Question 2 :
©

Write the successor of each of the following numbers :

(i) 3999
(ii) 378915
(iii) 5001299
Solution :
D

Successor numbers :
(i) 3999 + 1 = 4000
(ii) 378915 + 1 = 378916
(iii) 5001299 + 1 = 5001300
Question 3.
Write the predecessor of each of the following numbers :
(i) 500
(ii) 38794
(iii) 54789011
Solution:
Predecessor numbers :

O T IS
(i) 500 – 1 = 499
(ii) 38794 – 1 = 499
N A D
CO N
(iii) 54789011 – 1 = 54789010
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 4.
ED PR

Write the whole number ( in each of the following) whose successor is :

(i) 50795
©

(ii) 720300
(iii) 8300000
Solution:
The required whole number = predecsessor of given number :
(i) 50975 – 1 = 50974
D

The required whole number = predecessor of given number:

(i) 50795 – 1 = 50794
(ii) 720300 – 1 = 720299
(iii) 8300000 – 1 = 8299999

Question 5.
Write the whole number (in each of the following) whose predecessor is:
(i) 5347
(ii) 72399
(iii) 3012999
Solution:
The required whole number = successor of given number:
(i) 5347 + 1 = 5348
(ii) 72399 + 1 = 72400
(iii) 3012999 + 1 = 3013000

O T IS
Question 6.

N A D
CO N
Wrtie next three consecutive whole numbers of the following numbers :
(i) 79
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(ii) 598
(iii) 35669
ED PR

Solution:
(i) 80, 81, 82
©

(ii) 599, 600, 601

(iii) 35670, 35671, 35672

Question 7.
Write three consecutive whole numbers occuring just before 320001.
D

Solution:
The three consecutive whole numbers occuring just before 320001 are :
320001 – 1= 320000 – 1 = 319999 – 1 = 319998
these are : 320000, 319999, 319998
Question 8:
(i) How many whole numbers are there between 38 and 68 ?
(ii) How many whole numbers are there between 99 and 300 ?
Solution:
(i) The whole numbers between 38 and 68 are : 39, 40, 41, ……, 67
= 67 – 38 = 29
(ii)The whole numbers between 99 and 300 are : 100, 101, 102,…, 299

O T IS
= 299 – 99 = 200

N A D
CO N
Question 9.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Write all whole numbers between 100 and 200 which do not change if
the digits are written in reverse order.
ED PR

Solution:
The whole numbers between 100 and 200 which do not change if the
digits are written in reverse order are :
©

101, 111, 121, 131, 141, 151, 161, 171, 181, 191

Question 10.
How many 2-digit whole numbers are there between 5 and 92 ?
Solution:
D

2-digit numbers between 5 and 92 will be from 10 to 91 i.e. 91 – 9 = 82

Question 11.
How many 3-digit whole numbers are there between 72 and 407 ?
Solution:
3-digit whole numbers will be from 100 to 406 i.e. 406 – 99 = 307.

O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
ED PR
©
D

Exercise 2.2
Question 1.
Fill in the blanks to make each of the following a true statement :
(i) 378 + 1024 = 1024 + ……
(ii) 337 + ( 528 + 1164 ) = ( 337 + …..) + 1164
(iii) ( 21 + 18 ) + ……. = ( 21 + 13 ) + 18

O T IS
(iv) 3056 + 0 = …….. = 0 + 3056

N A D
CO N
Solution:
O UC AA
(i) 378 + 1024 = 1024 + 378 ( Commutative property of addition)

T IO
PY
(ii) 337 + (528 + 1164 ) = ( 337 + 528 ) + 1164 ( Associative law of
addition)
ED PR

(iii) ( 21 + 18) + 13 = ( 21 + 13) + 18 ( Associative law of addition)

(iv) 3056 + 0 = 3056 = 0 + 3056
©

Question 2.
Add the following numbers and check by reversing the order of addends
:
(i) 3189 + 53885
(ii) 33789 + 50311.
D

Solution :
(i) 3189 + 53885 = 57074
Check 53885 + 3189 = 57074
∴ 57074
(ii) 33789 + 50311 = 84100
Check 50311 + 33879 = 84100
∴ 84100

Question 3.
By suitable arrangements, find the sum of :

O T IS
(i) 311,528,289
(ii) 723, 203, 435, 7197, 422.
N A D
CO N
Solution:
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(i) 311, 528, 289
sum ( 311 + 289 ) + 528
ED PR

= 600 + 528 = 1128

©

(ii) 723 + 834 + 66 + 277

= (723 + 277) + ( 834 + 66)
= 1000 + 900 = 1900

(iii) 78, 203, 435, 7197, 422

D

sum = ( 78 + 422 ) + ( 203 + 7197 ) + 435

= 500 + 7400 + 435
= 7900 + 435 = 8335
Question 4.
Fill in the blanks to make each of the following a true statement :
(i) 375 × 57 = 57 × ……….
(ii) ( 33 × 16) × 25 = 33 × ( …… × 25 )
(iii) 37 × 24 = 37 × 18 + 37 × ……..
(iv) 7205 × 1 = ……….. = 1 × 7205
(v) 366 × 0 =
(vi) ……….. × 579 = 0

O T IS
(vii) 473 × 108 = 473 × 100 + 473 × … ….

N A D
CO N
(viii) 684 × 97 = 684 × 100 - ………× 3
O UC AA
T IO
(ix) 0 ÷ …… = 5 =

PY
(x) ( 14 – 14 ) ÷ 7 = ………
Solution:
ED PR

(i) 375 × 57 = 57 × 375 (Commutative property of multiplication)

(ii) ( 33 × 16) × 25 = 33 × ( 16 × 25) (Associative law of
©

multiplication)

(iii) 37 × 24 = 37 × 18 + 37 × …….. (Distributive law of

multiplication)

(iv) 7205 × 1 = 7205 = 1 × 7205

D

(v) 366 × 0 = 0
(vi) 0 × 579 = 0
(vii) 473 × 108 = 473 × 100 + 473 × 8
(viii) 684 × 97 = 684 × 100 - 684 × 3
(ix) 0 ÷ 5 = 0
(x) ( 14 – 14 ) ÷ 7 = 0

Question 5.
Determine the following products by suitable arrangement :
(i) 4 × 528 × 25
(ii) 625 × 239 × 16

O T IS
(iii) 125 × 40 × 8 × 25

N A D
CO N
Solution:
O UC AA
(i) 4 × 528 × 25 = 4 × 25 × 528

T IO
PY
= 100 × 528 = 52800
ED PR

(ii) 625 × 239 × 16 = 625 × 16 × 239

= 10000 × 239 = 2390000
©

(iii) 125 × 40 × 8 × 25 = 125 × 8 × 40 × 25

= 1000 × 1000 = 1000000

Question 6.
D

Find the value of the following :

(i) 54279 × 92 + 54279 × 8
(ii) 60678 × 262 – 60678 × 162
Solution;
(i) 54279 × 92 + 54279 × 8
= 54279 ( 92 + 8 )
= 54279 × 100 = 5427900

(ii) 60678 × 262 – 60678 × 162

= 60678 262 − 162
= 60678 × 100 = 6067800

O T IS
N A D
CO N
Question 7.
O UC AA
Find the following products by using suitable proerties :

T IO
PY
(i) 739 × 102
(ii) 1938 × 99
ED PR

(iii) 1005 × 188

Solution:
©

(i) 739 × 102

= 739 × ( 100 + 2 )
= 739 × 100 + 739 × 2
= 73900 + 1478 = 75378

(ii) 1938 × 99
= 1938 × ( 100 - 1 )
D

= 1938 × 100 – 1938 × 1

= 193800 – 1938 = 191862

(iii) 1005 × 188

= ( 1000 + 5 ) × ( 100 + 88)
= 1000 × 100 + 1000 × 88 + 5 × 100 + 88 × 5
= 100000 + 88000 + 500 + 440 = 188940

Question 8.
Divide 7750 by 17 and check the result by division algorithm.
Solution:

O T IS
7750 ÷ 17

N A D
CO N
455
17 7750
O UC AA
T IO
PY
68
95
85
ED PR

100
85
15
©

On dividing 7750 by 17, we get

Quotient = 455 and Remainder = 15
Check by division algorithm :
Divident = Divisior × Quotient + Remainder
D

= 17 × 455 + 15 = 7750

Question 9.
Find the number which when divided by 38 gives the quotient 23 and
remainder 17.
Solution:
Divisor = 38, Quotient = 23
Remainder = 17
Dividend = Divisor × Quotient + remainder

O T IS
= 38 × 23 + 17 = 874 + 17 = 891

N A D
CO N
Question 10.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Which least number should be subtracted from 1000 so that the
difference is exactly divisible by 35.
Solution:
ED PR

On dividing 1000 by 35
we get quotient = 28 and remainder 20
we get quotient = 28 and remainder 20
©

28
35 1000
-70
300
- 280
D

20

Question 11.
Which least number should be added to 1000 so that 53 divides the sum
exactly.
Solution:
18
53 1000
-53

O T IS
470
- 424
N A D
CO N
46
O UC AA
T IO
PY
On dividing 1000 by 53, we get quotient = 18 and remainder = 46. To
get the remainder 0, we should add 53 – 46 = 7 to 1000.
∴ 7
ED PR

Question 12.
©

Find the largest three-digit number which is exactly divisible by 47.

Solution:
Largest three digit no. = 999
21
47 999
-94
D

59
- 47
12

On dividing 999 by 47, we get

Quotient = 21 and Remainder = 12
So on sbtracting 12 from 999, we get
999 – 12 = 987

Question 13.
Find the smallest five-digit number which is exactly divisible by 254.

O T IS
Solution :

N A D
CO N
Smallest 5 digit number = 10000
O UC AA
T IO
PY
39

254 10000
- 762
ED PR

2380
- 2286

94
©

On dividing 10000 by 254, we get

Remainder = 94

So 254 – 94 = 160 should be added to 10000 to get the smallest 5 digit

number divisible by 254.
D

∴ 10000 + 160 = 10160

Question 14 :
A vendor supplies 72 litres of milk to a student’s hostel in the morning
and 28 litres of milk in the evening every day. If the milk costs ? 39 per
litre, how much money is due to the vendor per day ?
Solution:
Supply of milk in morning = 72 litres
Supply of milk in evening = 28 litres
Cost of per litre milk = ₹ 39
Money of per day = ₹ 39 ( 72 | + 28 |)
= ₹ 39 × 100 = ₹3900

O T IS
Question 15.
N A D
CO N
State whether the following statements are true ( T) or false (F) :
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(i) If the product of two whole numbers is zero, then atleast one of them
will be zero.
(ii) If the Product of two whole numbers is 1, then each of them must be
ED PR

equal to 1.
(iii) If a and b are whold numbers such that a ≠ 0 and b ≠ 0, then ab
may be zero.
©

Solution:
(i) True
(ii) True
(iii) False

Question 16.
D

Replace each *by the correct digit in each of the following :

(i) 3 5 6
- *6*
* 9

(ii) 6 5 0 *
 - *0 * 5
4* 57

(iii) 1 7 0 0 * 4
- 8** 47
* 8 6 6*

O T IS
N A D
CO N
Solution:
(i) 3 5 6
O UC AA
T IO
PY
- 267
89
ED PR

(ii) 6 5 0 2
©

- 20 4 5
4 4 57
D

(iii) 1 7 0 0 1 4
- 81347
8 8667
 Exercise 2.3

Question 1.
Using shorter method, find
(i) 3246 + 9999

O T IS
(ii) 7501 + 99999

N A D
(iii) 5377 – 999

CO N
(iv) 25718 – 9999
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(v) 123 × 999
(vi) 203 × 9999
ED PR

Solution:
(i) 3246 + 9999
©

= ( 3246 – 1 ) + ( 9999 + 1 ) (Adding and subtracting 1)

= 3245 + 10000 = 13245

(ii) 7501 + 99999

= ( 7501 – 1 ) + ( 99999 + 1) (Adding and subtracting 1)
D

= 7500 + 100000 = 107500

(iii) 5377 – 999
= 5377 – ( 1000 – 1 )
= 5377 – 1000 + 1
= 4377 + 1 = 4378

(iv) 25718 – 9999

O T IS
= 25718 – ( 10,000 – 1)

N A D
CO N
= 15718 + 1 = 15719
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(v) 123 × 999
= 123 × ( 1000 – 1 ) ( By subtracting 1)
ED PR

= 123 × 1000 - 1 × 123

= 123000 – 123 = 122877
©

(vi) 203 × 9999

= 203 × (10,000 – 1) ( By subtracting 1)
= 203 × 10,000 - 203 × 1 = 2030000 – 203 = 2029797
D

Question 2.
Without using a diagram, find
(i) 9th square number
(ii) 7th triangular number
Solution:
(i) 9th square number = ?
The first square number is 1 × 1 = 1
The second square number is 2 × 2 = 4
The Third square number is 3 × 3 = 9
Similarly 9th square number is 9 × 9 = 81

O T IS
N A D
CO N
(ii) 7th triangular number = ?
first triangular number = 1
O UC AA
T IO
PY
second triangular number is = 1 + 2 = 3
Third triangular number = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
ED PR

Similarly 7th triangular number = 1 + 2 + 3

©

Fourth triangular number = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10

Similarly, 7th triangular number = 1 + 2 +3 +4 + 5 +6 + 7 = 28

Question 3.
(i) Can a rectangular number be a square number ?
D

(ii) Can a triangular number be a square number ?

Solution:
(i) Yes, 9 is a square as well as rectangular number.
(ii) Yes, 8th triangular number = 36, which is a square number.
Question 4.
Observe the following patterns and fill in the blanks:
1 × 9 + 1 = 10
12 × 9 + 2 = 110
12 × 9 + 3 = 1110
12 × 9 + 4 = …………..

O T IS
12 × 9 + 5 = …………..

N A D
CO N
Solution:
O UC AA
1 × 9 + 1 = 10

T IO
PY
12 × 9 + 2 = 110
12 × 9 + 3 = 1110
ED PR

12 × 9 + 4 = 11110
12 × 9 + 5 = 111110
©

Question 5.
Observe the following pattern and fill in the blanks :
9 × 9 + 7 = 88
98 × 9 + 6 = 888
D

987 × 9 + 5 = 8888
9876 × 9 + 4 = ………….
98765 × 9 + 3 = ………….
Solution:
9 × 9 + 7 = 88
98 × 9 + 6 = 888
987 × 9 + 5 = 8888
9876 × 9 + 4 = 88888
98765 × 9 + 3 = 888888

O T IS
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
ED PR
©
D
 Objective Type Questions

Mental Maths

Question 1.
Fill in the blanks :

O T IS
(i) A whole number is less than all those whole numbers that lie to its
N A D
CO N
on the number line.
(ii) One more than a given whole is callled its
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(iii) There is atleast one whole number between two whole numbers.
(iv) 738 × 335 = 738 × ( 300 + 30 + …….)
ED PR

(v) If a is a non-zero whole number and × = , then a = …..

vi ……. is the only whole number which is not a natural number.
©

(vii) The additive identity in whole numbers is ……….

Solution:
(i) A whole number is less than all those whole numbers that lie to its
on the number line.
(ii) One more than a given whole is callled its
(iii) There is atleast one whole number between two whole numbers.
D

(iv) 738 × 335 = 738 × ( 300 + 30 + 5)

(v) If a is a non-zero whole number and × = , then a = 1.
vi 0 is the only whole number which is not a natural number.
(vii) The additive identity in whole numbers is 0.
Question 2.
State whether the following statements are ture (T) or False (F) :
(i) The Predecessor of a 3-digit number is always a 3-digit number.
(ii) The Successor of a 3-digit number is always a 3-digit number.
(iii) if a any whole number, then a + a = 1.
(iv) If a is any non-zero whole number, then 0 ÷ a = 0.

O T IS
(v) On adding two diffferent whole numbers, we always get a natural
number.
N A D
CO N
(vi) Between two whole numbers there is a whole number.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(vii) There is a natural number which when added to a natural number,
gives that number.
(viii) If the product of two whole numbers is zero, then atleast one of
ED PR

them is zero.

Solution:
©

(i) The Predecessor of a 3-digit number is always a 3-digit number.

False
(ii) The successor of a 3-digit number is always a 3-digit number. False
(iii) If a is any whole number, then a ÷ a = 1. False
(iv) If a is any non-zero whole number, then 0 ÷ a = 0. True
(v) On adding two diffferent whole numbers, we always get a natural
D

number. True
(vi) Between two whole numbers there is a whole number. False
(vii) There is a natural number which when added to a natural number,
gives that number. False
(viii) If the product of two whole numbers is zero, then atleast one of
them is zero. True
Multiple Choice Questions
Choose the correct answer from the give four options ( 3 to 16) :

Question 3 :
The whole number which does not have a predecessor in whole number
system is
(a) 0
(b) 1

O T IS
(c) 2
(d) none of these
N A D
CO N
Solution:
0
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 4 :
ED PR

The predecessor of the smallest 4-digit number is

(a) 99
(b) 999
©

(c) 1000
(d) 1001
Solution:
The smallest 4-digit number = 1000
The predecessor of the given number
= 1000 – 1 = 999(b)
D

Question 5 :
The predecessor of 1 million is
(a) 9999
(b) 99999
(c) 999999
(d) 1000001
Solution:
predecessor is 1 less than the given number
= 1000000 – 1 = 999999(c)

Question 6.
Thr product of the preedecessor and the successor of the greatest 2-digit
number is
(a) 9900
(b) 9800

O T IS
(c) 9700
(d) none of these
N A D
CO N
Solution:
Greatest 2-digit number = 99
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Successor = 99 + 1 = 100
Predecessor = 99 – 1 = 100
∴ Product = 98 + 1 × 99 – 1
ED PR

= 100 × 98 = 9800 (b)

Question 7.
©

The sum of the successor of the greatest 3-digit number and the
predecessor of the smallest 3-digit number is
(a) 1000
(b) 1100
(c) 1101
(d) 1099
Solution:
D

Greatest 3-digit number = 999

Successor = 999 + 1 = 1000
Smallest 3-digit number = 100
Predecessor = 100 – 1 = 99
∴ Their sum = 1000 + 99 = 1099 (d)
Question 8.
The number of whole numbers between 22 and 54 is
(a) 30
(b) 31
(c) 32
(d) 42
Solution:
The whole numbers between 22 and 54 are 23, 24, 25, 26, 26,….23.

O T IS
Number of these number = 53 – 222 = 31 (b)

N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 9.
The number of whole numbers betweeen the smallest whole number and
the greatest 2-digit number is
ED PR

(a) 100
(b) 99
(c) 98
©

(d) 88
Solution :
98 ( Between 0 and 99 ) (c)

Question 10.
If a is a whole number such that a + a = a, then a is equal to
(a) 0
D

(b) 1
(c) 2
(d) none of these
Solution :
0 (a)
Question 11.
The value of ( 93 × 63 + 93 × 37) is
(a) 930
(b) 9300
(c) 93000
(d) none of these
Solution:
( 93 × 63 + 93 × 37)

O T IS
= 93 ( 63 + 37)
= 93 × 100 = 9300(b)
N A D
CO N
Question 12.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Which of the following is not equal to zero ?
(a) 0 × 5
(b) 0 = 5
ED PR

(c) ( 10 – 10 ) + 5
(d) ( 5 – 0 ) + 5
Solution :
©

( 5 – 0 ) + 5 = 1 (d)

Question 13.
Which of the following statement is true ?
(a) 21 – ( 13 – 5 ) = ( 21 – 13 ) – 5
(b) 21 – 13 is not a whole number
(c) 21 × 1 = 21 × 0
D

(d) 13 – 21 is not a whole number

Solution:
13 – 21 is not a whole number (d)
Question 14.
Which of the following statement is not true ?
(a) Zero is the identity for multiplication of whole numbers.
(b) Addition and multiplication both are commutattive for whole
numbers.
(c) Addition and multiplication both are commutative for whole
numbers.
(d) Multiplication is distributive over addition for whole numbers.

O T IS
Solution:
(a) Zero is the identity for multiplication of whole numbers.
N A D
CO N
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 15.
On dividing a number by 9 we get 47 as quotient and 5 as remainder.
The number is
ED PR

(a) 418
(b) 428
(c) 429
©

(d) none of these

Solution : (b) 428

Question 16.
By using dot (•) pattern, which of the following numbers can be
arranged in two ways namely a triangle and a rectangle ?
(a) 12
D

(b) 11
(c) 10
(d) 9
Solution:

10 (c)

O T IS
Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)
Question 1.
N A D
CO N
The height of a slippery pole is 10m and an insect is trying to climb the
O UC AA
T IO
PY
pole. The insect climbs 5 m in one minute and them slips down by 4m.
In how much time will insect reach the top ?
Solution:
ED PR

In first 1 min, insect climbs 5 metres, then slips down 4 metres.

So it climbs 1 metres every 1 mins, except the last minure.
©

In the last minute, it would cover all 5 metres and reach the top.
So keeping 1 min aside for last 5 metres. Total distance to be covered is
10m, in which we subtract the last 5m for last climb. So, to cover first
5m:
Time required = 5m × 1 min = 5 min Adding that last 1 min, it takes 6
mins to reach the top of a pole.
D
Question 2.
Which is greater, the sum of first twenty whole numbers or the product
of first twenty whole numbers ?
Solution:
Sum of first 20 whole numbers :
0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + ………+ 19 = 190

O T IS
Product of first 20 whole numbers :
0 × 1 × 2 × 3 × 4 × …… × 19 = 0
N A D
CO N
Hence, sum of first 20 whole numbers is greater than its product.
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 3.
ED PR

If a whole number is divisible by 2 and 4, is it divisible by 8 also?

Solution:
©

May or may not.

Example :
(i) 12, 20, 28 are the whole number which is divided by both 2 and 4,
but is not divisible by 8.
(ii) 8, 16, 24 are the whole numbers which are divided by 2, 4 and 8.
D
 Check Your Progress

Question 1.
Write next three consecutive whole numbers of the number 9998.
Solution.
The next three consecutive whole number of 9998 are :

O T IS
9998 + 1 = 9999
N A D
CO N
9999 + 1 = 10000
O UC AA
T IO
10000 + 1 =10001

PY
∴ Numbers are = 9999, 10000, 10001
ED PR

Question 2.
Write three consecutive whole numbers occuring just before 567890.
©

Solution.
The three consecutive whole numbers just before 567890 are:
567890 – 1 = 567889 – 1 = 567888 – 1
= 567887
∴ These are : 567889, 567888, ,567887
D
Question 3.
Find the product of the successor and the predecessor of the smallest
number of 3-digits.
Solution :
Smallest number of 3-digits = 100
Successor = 100 + 1

O T IS
Predecessor = 100 -1
∴ Product = 100 + 1 × 100 - 1
N A D
CO N
= 101 × 99 = 9999
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 4.
ED PR

Find the product of the whole numbers between the smallest and the
greatest numbers of 2-digits.
Solution :
©

Smallest number of 2-digits = 10

Greatest number of 2-digits = 99
Numbers between 10 and 99
11, 12, ………, 98
= 98 – 10 = 88
D
Question 5.
Find the following sum by suitable arrangements :
(i) 678 + 1319 + 322 + 5681
(ii) 777 + 546 + 1463 + 223 + 537
Solution:
(i) 678 + 1319 + 322 + 5681

O T IS
= ( 678 + 322 ) + ( 5681 + 1319 )

N A D
CO N
= 1000 + 7000 = 8000
O UC AA
T IO
PY
(ii) 777 + 546 + 1463 + 223 + 537
= (777 + 223) + ( 1463 + 537) + 546
ED PR

= 1000 + 2000 + 546 = 3546

©

Question 6.
Determine the following products by suitable arrangements :
(i) 625 × 437 × 16
(ii) 309 × 25 × 7 × 8
Solution:
D

(i) 625 × 437 × 16

= 437 × ( 625 × 16
= 437 × 10000 = 4370000
(ii) 309 × 25 × 7 × 8
= 309 × 7 × 25 × 8
= 2163 × 200 = 432600

Question 7.
Find the value of the following by using suitable properties :

O T IS
(i) 236 × 414 + 236 × 563 + 236 × 23

N A D
CO N
(ii) 370 × 1587 – 37 × 10 × 587
O UC AA
Solution:

T IO
PY
(i) 236 × 414 + 236 × 563 + 236 × 23
= 236 × ( 414 + 563 + 23)
ED PR

= 236 × ( 1000) = 236000

©

(ii) 370 × 1587 – 37 ×10 × 587

= 37 × 10 ( 1587 – 587)
= 370 × 1000 = 370000

Question 8.
D

Divide 6528 by 29 and check the result by division algorithm.

Solution :
6528 ÷ 29
 225
29 6528
58
72
- 58
148
- 145
3

O T IS
∴ Quotient = 225

N A D
CO N
and Remainder = 3
O UC AA
T IO
PY
Question 9.
Find the greatest 4-digit number which is exactly divisible by 357.
ED PR

Solution:
Largest 4 digit number is 9999
©

28
357 9999
714
2859
- 2856
D

3
Dividing 9999 by 357, we get
Remainder = 3
Subtracting 3 from 9999, 9999 – 3 = 9996,
we get the required number divisible by 357.
So 9996

Question 10.
Find the smallest 5-digit number which is exactly divisible by 279.
Solution:
Smallest 5-digit number is 1000

O T IS
35

N A D
CO N
279 10000
837
O UC AA
T IO
PY
1630
- 1395
ED PR

235
Dividing it by 279, we get remainder = 235
©

To make the smallest 5-digit number exactly divisible by 279, we have

to add 279 – 235 = 44 in 10000
∴ 10000 + 44 = 10044.
D