Subject:

Basic Mathematics

Theme:

Unit 7 Task VII

Facilitator:

Licdo. Plinio Fernando Castillo Quiñones, M.A

Participant:

Pamela Estefanía Hernández Canela

Enrollment:

2019-09631

Date:

February 25, 2020

 Introduction

In this work, the characteristics of the

different functions of exponentiation and algebraic expressions and their
applications about the different sciences and the life daily.
What is algebraic exponentiation, power of a monomial, multiplication of
powers of the same base, Sign of the powers.

The exponentiation of algebraic expressions plays an important role within

mathematics, as it is defined as a shortened form of multiplication,
y en consequence has the same properties what
this arithmetic operation, so it makes it much easier and simplifies
the resolution of it. That is why its study with the
purpose of applying them within mathematics specifically in the
multiplication.

General objective

Model problems with the power of algebraic expressions and

Skillfully employ the basic properties of real numbers to
perform operations with algebraic expressions.
 Theoretical framework

What is algebraic exponentiation?

Lapotenciación is a mathematical operation between two terms called:
base exponent. It is writtenand it is usually read as "aelevado an" or
"elevated to lan" and the corresponding feminine suffix for the exponent. There is
some special numbers, like 2 squared or 3, which corresponds to
cube. Note that in the case of exponentiation, the base and the exponent can
belong to different sets, in a totally general ring the base will be a
element of the ring but the exponent will be a natural number that does not have to be
to belong to the ring. In a body, the exponent can be an integer.

It can be said that exponentiation; It is an algebraic operation that has as

Given the base and the exponent, find the power. It is the inverse operation to the
establishment.

Example.

Exponent

(5m)2(5x5) m1x m1= 25m2 power

Base m1xm1= m2the bases are the same, the exponents are added

Power of a monomial
To find the power of a monomial, the quotient is multiplied that many times,
when indicating the exponent and multiplying the exponent of the literal part by the
exponent of monomial.

For example. Find the following powers:

a) (5m2n4)3The volume is 125 cubic meters.2x3n4x3=125m6n12

b) (-3x2y8)3=(-3) (-3) (-3)x2x3y8x3-27x6y24

Multiplication of powers with the same base

The product of two powers that have the same base is equal to a power of
that base which has as exponent the sum of the exponents, that is to say:
Examples:
[Link]= an + m

93.92is 93+2= 95

Sign of the powers

Any negative number raised to an even exponent results in a

positive power.

Examples: = (-3) (-3) (-3) (-3) = 81

Any negative number raised to an odd exponent, the result is

power is negative.

Examples: = (-3) (-3) (-3) (-3) (-3) = -243.

 Radication
The vision of the Universe that the great Greek sage Pythagoras of Samos and his
disciples, the so-called Pythagoreans, were dominated by their philosophical ideas about
of the number. They said that the natural number and the proportions between natural numbers
they governed everything that existed.

A discovery made by the Pythagoreans themselves proved that this statement

it was false. They discovered the existence of a number that was neither natural nor was it
could be expressed as a fraction.

Everything started with what is called the Pythagorean Theorem. It is called a Theorem to any

important mathematical statement that is rigorously proven, irrefutable.

The Pythagorean Theorem states that in any right triangle, the longest side,
the hypotenuse, squared, is equal to the sum of the squares of the
two other sides, called legs.

It is known that is equal to the area of the square whose side is (exponentiation
Thus, what the Pythagorean Theorem states is the following: the areas of the
squares whose sides are a and b, when added together, give the area of the square whose side

esc.

In all right triangles, perhaps the one with the simplest appearance was the one that
produced among the Pythagoreans the great upheaval of presenting the existence of a
a measure that could not be expressed as a natural number or as a fraction.

The triangle whose legs both measure 1 was the one that caused the collapse.
of an entire philosophical theory.

The triangle in question is the one on the right.

 The Pythagorean Theorem states that .

Using a very simple method, the Pythagoreans tried to find numbers.

natural numbers m, n such that , never achieving it. The idea was as follows:

a leg is divided into segments of equal length (length u)

It was attempted to divide the hypotenuse also into segments of length u, but
there was always a segment of length less than that:

Given that there was a surplus segment, a measure was chosen for the
segment that was half of the previous measurement, hoping that it wouldn't
there would be no leftover segment on the hypotenuse. But it didn't work.

If they had found a segment that fit an exact number of times both
in the hypotenuse as in the legs, let's say, 13 times in the hypotenuse and 8 times

in the legs, it would be that the hypotenuse measured because the proportion between

hypotenuse and leg, which was, was also equal to and thus they would obtain .

But they never obtained a measure that could fit an exact number of times in
both sides of the triangle. Thus arose the first irrational number, that which
the square is equal to 2. Almost 2000 years later it was named 'square root'

of two'' and the symbol was created to represent square roots.

The operation indicated by any mathematical expression is called rooting.

consists of a power with a rational exponent, not an integer. The symbol is used.
, which is called the root. In the following examples, it is observed how this will be used.
symbol:

Symbol It is read

cube root of 2

fourth root of one half cubed

seventh root of minus five

eighth root of seven to the minus

five

fifth root of minus two thirds

at eight

sixth root of five thirds to the

minus one

square root of four fifths

The entire expression located within the square root symbol is called quantity.
subradical, and the number that is located above and to the left of the root is called the
index.

For example, in the expression se tiene Índice=3 y Cantidad subradical=2

When the index is 2, it is generally omitted. That is, it means and it reads
square root of 7. It is important to remember (exponentiation with base in Q and
exponent in Z) that we can always express a power with exponent
negative as the inverse of a power with a positive exponent.

For example:

(Why?)

(Why?)
In general, given any rational numbers a, b, m, n, the following
equalities are valid:

Thus, some of the previous examples can be written in different ways:

1.

2.

3.

ó
Radical expressions like the one in exercise 2 of the previous interactivity can
simplify by transforming the exponent, which is an improper fraction, into a sum of a
proper fraction plus an integer. For example:

That is to say

There are many cases of radical expressions that can be simplified to the point that the
root disappears; for example:

But how it has to .

In cases like these, it is said to be an exact root.

Exercise:
Encuentra 5 ejemplos de expresiones radicales que constituyen una raíz exacta.

Note that, given any root it has to

that is, the number multiplied by itself n times, or raised to the power n is
equal to b.

Therefore, it also has to and this is the case of the exact roots that end
of course.

The n-th root of a number is not always unique: in the case of it has to

y .
That is, both 2 and -2 are square roots of 4.

To avoid ambiguity in the notation, when it is written refers to the positive root of 4,
and to refer to the negative root, it is written :

on the other hand, , because , and in this case, it cannot be stated that -2 is

also the cube root of 8, because that is to say, .

It should also be noted that, while the index of a root is an even number, the quantity is
The radical must be positive for the root to be a real number.

It is not a real number, because

no real number raised to
square is negative

If, on the other hand, the index is odd, the sub-radical quantity can be positive or negative.
and the root will always be a real number:

y .

The following definition is now available:

Given a rational number b and an odd positive integer n, the n-th root of b is that
number x that, raised to the n-th power, is equal to b:

If n is even and b is positive, then where x>0 is such that . As n is

par, y -x is called the n-th negative root of b.

In summary, if n is even and a > 0, then

If n is odd and , then

Similar Terms.

It has been seen how to apply the laws of exponentiation in calculations with radicals. These
Laws specifically refer to products and quotients of powers. But what is known?
Regarding the addition and subtraction of powers, is it applicable to the addition and subtraction of radicals?

for example:

The expression Can it be simplified in any way?

By writing this sum using exponentiation, it is obtained:

in general, when one has:

it cannot be said that it is equal to .

for example:

Thus, given that there is no possibility of equating the expressions:

y,

then simply leave the indicated sum of radicals, grouping what is

you will call similar terms.

When in a sum of radicals terms with the same base and the same appear
exponent, these terms will be called similar. Operations will be performed with these terms.
in the manner indicated in the following example:

(Here y they are not similar terms to ).

Likewise, if one has the expression

this can be expressed as:

Can you explain why?

In general, if there are similar terms in a sum of radicals, and some of them
are multiplied by some real number, positive or negative, which is
the coefficient is obtained by adding all the coefficients with their respective sign.
thus the coefficient of the resulting term.
For example:

Sometimes it is necessary to make some modifications to radical expressions.

Conclusion

The objective set out in the introduction was met, as it was possible to
observe throughout the development the different uses of the functions in the
daily life and, having also studied the strengthening of expressions
algebraic, we have a model that we can apply in front of a certain
problematic.

We believe that the result obtained after the research work was
positive, since the guideline regarding theoretical information is fulfilled, and
we believe that this research will also be useful to us in practice.

With this power of algebraic expressions, we realized that

which can we obtain or use to learn more about the
expressions with them we can observe which would be more useful for each
person able to use when we have expression exercises or
polynomials with this you have to learn the rules well in order to use them.