SRI SARADA COLLEGE FOR WOMEN (AUTONOMOUS), TIRUNELVELI 627011

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE

QUESTION BANK

COURSE TITLE: Database Management System COURSE CODE: 23UCSC51

UNIT-I
Section-A

Answer ALL questions; each should not exceed 100 words

[Link] Data and Information.

2. What is a Database System?
3. List two examples of Data Models.
4. Mention one problem with the file system approach.
5. What is a Database Management System (DBMS)?
6. Define Business Rules.
7. What is meant by Data Abstraction?
8. Mention the three levels of Data Abstraction.
9. What is a Schema in DBMS?
10. Define the term ‘Entity’ in Data Modeling.
11. What is meant by ‘Attributes’ in a database?
12. Define the term ‘Degree of a Relationship’.
13. Give one advantage of using a Database System over a File System.
14. What is the primary function of a DBMS?
15. Mention one key feature of a Data Model.
16. Define Logical Data Independence.
17. What is a Physical Data Model?
18. List two types of Data Models.
19. What does ‘Data Redundancy’ mean?
20. Give one example of a Business Rule.
Section-B

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 2 pages

1. Explain the differences between Data and Information with examples.

2. Explain the structure and purpose of a Database System.
3. Narrate the problems with the File System approach.
4. Explain the importance of Data Models in database design.
5. List and explain Basic Building Blocks of a Data Model.
6. What are Business Rules? Give examples of two business rules in a real-world scenario.
7. Explain the Evolution of Data Models from Hierarchical to Relational Models.
8. Narrate the three degrees of Data Abstraction in DBMS with examples.
9. Differentiate Physical Schema, Logical Schema, and View Schema.
10. Explain how a DBMS helps in reducing Data Redundancy and improving Data
Consistency.
Section-C

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 4 pages

1. Elaborate on the problems faced by traditional File Systems and describe how Database
Systems overcome these problems.
2. Describe the Hierarchical, Network, and Relational Data Models used in DBMS with
suitable examples and diagrams.
3. Evaluate the importance of Data Abstraction in DBMS and describe the three levels of
abstraction with examples.
4. Illustrate the concept of Business Rules and describe their role in database design with real-
world examples.
5. Examine the evolution of Database Systems from File Systems to Relational DBMS,
highlighting the key improvements at each stage.

UNIT-II
Section-A

Answer ALL questions; each should not exceed 100 words

1. Define a Foreign Key.

2. State the Candidate Key.
3. Define Data Redundancy.
4. Define Entity in an ER Diagram.
5. State the Logical View of Data.
6. Define System Catalog.
7. List two Relational Set Operators.
8. Mention one rule from Codd's Rules.
9. What are Integrity Rules in DBMS?
10. What does ER in ER Diagram stand for?
11. What is a Data Dictionary?
12. Write a short note on Primary Key?
13. What is a Relational Database Model?
14. List down the Relational Set Operator used for?
15. What is a Tuple in a Relational Table?
16. Give one example for Attribute in ER Modeling?
17. What is an Index in a database?
18. What is meant by Referential Integrity?
19. What is meant by Relationship in a database?
20. List any four purpose of a Data Dictionary?
 Section-B

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 2 pages

1. Narrate Codd’s Rules and mention any four of them.

2. Explain Primary Key, Foreign Key, and Candidate Key with examples.
3. Write a short note on the Relational Database Model with an simple example.
4. Explain Data Redundancy and how DBMS helps control it.
5. Narrate the Entity-Relationship (ER) Model and its significance in database design.
6. Explain the Logical View of Data in DBMS.
7. Mention any three Relational Set Operators with examples.
8. What are Indexes in DBMS? Explain their purpose with an example.
9. What are Integrity Rules? Explain Entity Integrity and Referential Integrity.
10. Summarize the role of the Data Dictionary and System Catalog in DBMS?

Section-C

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 4 pages

1. Describe Keys in the relational model: Primary Key, Foreign Key, Candidate Key,
Super Key, with examples.
2. Elaborate on Integrity Rules in DBMS, focusing on Entity Integrity and Referential
Integrity with examples.
3. Examine the ER Model in detail and draw an example ER Diagram for a simple real-
world scenario (e.g., University database with Students, Courses, and Enrollments).
4. Evaluate the Relational Database Model in detail with an example of a simple table.
5. Illustrate the use of Indexes in a database system. Explain their structure and
importance with a suitable diagram.

UNIT-III
Section-A

Answer ALL questions; each should not exceed 100 words

1. State Data Definition Language (DDL).

2. Define First Normal Form (1NF).
3. Define Primary Key constraint in SQL.
4. State the UNION operator in SQL.
5. Give an example of a Data Manipulation Command.
6. Mention one additional keyword used in SELECT queries.
7. Mention one advantage of normalization.
8. Write a Data Definition Commands in SQL.
9. What does INSERT command do in SQL?
10. What does UPDATE command do in SQL?
11. What is mean by Data Manipulation Command?
12. What is a Higher-Level Normal Form?
 13. What is a JOIN operation in SQL?
14. What is meant by Attribute in a database table?
15. Define Normalization in DBMS?
16. What is Second Normal Form (2NF)?
17. List out the purpose of the DELETE command in SQL?
18. Mention the purpose of the SELECT query in SQL?
19. What is Third Normal Form (3NF)?
20. Why is Normalization needed?

Section-B

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 2 pages

1. Explain First, Second, and Third Normal Forms with simple examples.
2. List and explain Data Manipulation Commands in SQL (INSERT, UPDATE, and
DELETE) with examples.
3. Summarize the Normalization Process and its objectives.
4. Compare and contrast Data Definition Language (DDL) and Data Manipulation
Language (DML) in SQL.
5. Explain the need for Normalization in a database with examples.
6. Explain the purpose of the SELECT query and show a basic example.
7. How do you join tables in SQL? Explain INNER JOIN and LEFT JOIN with
examples.
8. Mention additional SELECT query keywords? Explain with an example (e.g.,
DISTINCT, WHERE, ORDER BY).
9. Narrate the Higher Level Normal Forms.
10. Write and explain basic Data Definition Commands in SQL (CREATE, ALTER,
DROP).

Section-C

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 4 pages

1. Describe Data Manipulation Commands in SQL in detail, including syntax and

examples of INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE commands.
2. Evaluate the need for Higher Level Normal Forms and explain Boyce-Codd Normal
Form (BCNF) with an example.
3. Illustrate Data Definition Commands in SQL in detail, giving the syntax and examples
of CREATE, ALTER, and DROP commands.
4. Elaborate the types of SQL joins (INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, FULL
OUTER JOIN) with examples and simple diagrams.
5. Discuss the Normalization process of a database table from 1NF to 3NF with an
example.
 UNIT-IV
Section-A

Answer ALL questions; each should not exceed 100 words

1. Define a Subquery in SQL.

2. State Natural Join in SQL.
3. Define the HAVING clause.
4. State the MINUS operator in SQL.
5. Differentiate any four points for UNION and UNION ALL.
6. Identify the JOIN ON clause in SQL with an example.
7. List out the purpose of the WHERE clause.
8. Name the use of the ANY operator in SQL.
9. Give an example of a Numeric Function in SQL.
10. Mention one String Function used in SQL.
11. Name one Date and Time Function in SQL.
12. What does the ALL operator do in a query?
13. What does the IN operator do in a query?
14. What does the INTERSECT operator do in SQL?
15. Define Correlated Sub query.
16. Define Cross Join in SQL.
17. Mention the Outer Join in SQL.
18. What is the purpose of the UNION operator in SQL?
19. What is the purpose of the USING clause in SQL Joins?
20. Why is the FROM clause important in a SQL query?

Section-B

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 2 pages.

1. Explain Sub queries and explain the difference between a simple Subquery and a
Correlated Subquery.
2. Summarize the different types of SQL Joins: Cross Join, Natural Join, and Outer Join
with simple examples.
3. Narrate the use of ANY and ALL operators in SQL with examples.
4. Explain how the FROM clause is used in a subquery.
5. Mention the Numeric, String, and Conversion Functions in SQL with one example for
each.
6. Compare and contrast UNION, UNION ALL, INTERSECT, and MINUS with
examples.
7. Explain the purpose of the HAVING clause with a GROUP BY example.
8. Explain the use of the USING clause and ON clause in SQL Joins with examples.
9. How does the WHERE clause work in SQL? Provide examples using IN and
BETWEEN operators.
10. Explain the use of Date and Time Functions in SQL with an example.
 Section-C

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 4 pages

1. Describe different SQL Join Operators (Cross Join, Natural Join, Join USING Clause,
JOIN ON Clause, and Outer Join) with diagrams and examples.
2. Evaluate in detail how the WHERE, IN, HAVING, ANY, ALL, and FROM clauses
work in SQL, supported by examples.
3. Examine the Relational Set Operators (UNION, UNION ALL, INTERSECT, MINUS)
in detail with examples.
4. Illustrate Sub queries and Correlated Queries in detail, highlighting how they differ,
with examples.
5. Elaborate the various types of SQL Functions (Date and Time, Numeric, String,
Conversion) with syntax and examples.

UNIT-V
Section-A

Answer ALL questions; each should not exceed 100 words.

1. State a Cursor in PL/SQL.

2. Define Cursor Parameters.
3. Define Embedded SQL.
4. List out the purpose of SELECT…FOR UPDATE in PL/SQL.
5. Give an example of a predefined Exception in PL/SQL.
6. Give an example of an arithmetic operator in PL/SQL.
7. How are comments written in PL/SQL?
8. How is an assignment operation done in PL/SQL?
9. Name the basic structure of a PL/SQL block.
10. Name any four data types in PL/SQL.
11. Name any four types of Exceptions in PL/SQL.
12. What are Control Structures in PL/SQL?
13. What does the WHERE CURRENT OF clause do?
14. Define Cursor FOR Loop in PL/SQL?
15. Mention a Cursor Variable in PL/SQL?
16. What is a Transaction Control Statement in PL/SQL?
17. Write an Exception in PL/SQL?
18. State PL/SQL?
19. Differentiate Implicit and Explicit Cursors?
20. List out the purpose of Variable Declaration in PL/SQL?
Section-B

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 2 pages

1. Write a short note on Cursor FOR Loop and give an example use case.
2. Explain different Arithmetic Operators used in PL/SQL.
3. Summarize the history and fundamentals of PL/SQL.
 4. Differentiate Implicit and Explicit Cursors in PL/SQL.
5. Explain Control Structures in PL/SQL with a simple IF-ELSE example.
6. Explain Exceptions in PL/SQL. Mention the difference between Predefined and User-
Defined Exceptions.
7. Narrate the Block Structure of a PL/SQL program with an example.
8. Explain Transaction Control Statements in PL/SQL with examples (COMMIT,
ROLLBACK).
9. How are Variables declared in PL/SQL? Give examples of Data Types.
10. What is Embedded SQL in PL/SQL? How does it work?

Section-C

Answer the following questions; the answer should not exceed 4 pages

1. Describe Exception Handling in PL/SQL. Explain Predefined, User-Defined, and

System-Defined Exceptions with examples.
2. Illustrate how variables are declared and used in PL/SQL, including Data Types and
Assignment operations.
3. Elaborate on Control Structures in PL/SQL and explain how Nested Blocks are used
with an example.
4. Examine the different types of Cursors in PL/SQL: Implicit Cursors, Explicit Cursors,
Cursor FOR Loops, Cursor Variables, and SELECT…FOR UPDATE. Include
examples and syntax.
5. Discuss the Block Structure of PL/SQL in detail with an example program.

H Question

1. Critically evaluate how a smart city traffic management system can be designed using
advanced database concepts. Propose an innovative architecture integrating relational and
non-relational databases to handle real-time traffic data efficiently.
2. Examine how database normalization and denormalization strategies can be combined
innovatively to optimize the performance of a large-scale e-commerce platform during flash
sales. Justify your design decisions.
3. Propose and evaluate an intelligent database design for a hospital management system that
ensures real-time patient monitoring, high availability, and strong data security using
advanced transaction management and recovery techniques.
4. Critically analyze the role of distributed databases in supporting global financial transactions.
Suggest a novel design strategy to ensure scalability, fault tolerance, and ACID property
compliance.
5. Design and evaluate an innovative query optimization strategy for a multimedia streaming
platform’s database, focusing on improving response time and minimizing storage overhead.”

. PRINCIPAL HOD QPS

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