Calculation Note

From a metal framework: a hangar

Summary:
Introduction :
Our project consists of designing a hangar in
metal framework, which allowed for the application of extensive studies
theoretical.
The reasons for the widespread use of steel in the field of
Industrial buildings are presented here. The advantages of steel
includes its strength-to-weight ratio, the speed of deployment
work and the ease of extension. Steel is used not only for
the structural elements but also for the cladding. The
Common types of structure are described. These types include the
because of the truss beams and the truss construction. It is shown
that overall stability is easily achieved. The wide range
The sections used in industrial buildings are presented.
The possible approaches for global analysis are identified.
Our project consists of studying the design of the framework of a
metal frame hangar, whose general methodology of the
The conception will be by: - The determination of the loads on the structure
(permanents, exploitation, climatic) - The global analysis of the
structure (determination of loads in the elements) -
Submitting requests for their processing, is introduced the
verification of sections and elements. - The verification of
main assemblies of the embedding structure by plane
of about and articulated pole foot. - Lateral stability can be
obtained either through bracing systems or through
rigid connections in the structure. We will use the Robot software.
structural to demonstrate the exact value of the moments and the profile
convenient for this port.
 I. DATA AND CALCULATION HYPOTHESES

MATERIALS:
The material that makes up the studied structure is S 235 JR (EN
10025-2).

The bolts used are of quality 8.8, 5.6.

The mechanical properties of these materials are presented at the

table 1.

Table 1: Mechanical properties of steel S 235 JR

Material Re or Rp0.2%Rm Module of Coefficient of

(MPa) (MPa) Young E (MPa) Poisson ν
S 235 235 360 210000 0.3
Quality 8.8 640 800 210000 0.3
Quality 5, 6 500 550 210000 0,3

Quality 4.8 400 500 210000 0.3

 a. For the structure

The verification is done in the linear elastic domain.

No pre-load or residual welding stress, deformation

plastic (work hardening) or another cutting or shaping process
is not considered since S 235 JR is a material that is not hardenable by
welding or cutting by fire (%C < 0.02).

There is no need to estimate the pre-load of the bolts at the joints of the profiles for this

level.

The verification being carried out in the linear elastic domain, none
classification of cross-sections is necessary.

The phenomena of instability due to buckling and overturning verified in

these notes are also considered in elasticity.

b. For the anchoring at the feet of the poles

The stress used for the justification of the bolts is the ultimate stress,
as dictated by the standard EN 1993-1-8.

The bolts will be sized under combined shear loads and

traction.

The equivalent usage constraint in the case of ductile materials is the

equivalent constraint of VON MISES.
 3. THE STANDARDS:

Eurocode 3 applies to the calculation of buildings and

steel civil engineering works. It complies with
principles and requirements regarding safety and suitability
at the service of structures, the bases of their calculation and their

verification which is provided in EN 1990 - Basis of

structural calculations. Eurocode 3 concerns only
the requirements for strength, serviceability,
durability and fire resistance of steel structures.

4 . TOOLS
The software tool used in this calculation note
corresponds to the software listed in the table:
 Calculation and verification of the
structure according to the standards in
vigor
Global analysis of the structure
and local by bars
Robot Structural Analysis Analysis of the coefficients of
security ratios d
sizing
Exploitation of the descent
charge and export to MS
Excel for the justification of
bolts
 I. PRESENTATION OF THE STRUCTURE

The modeled structure is presented in the figure:

FigModel structure of a hangar on Robot Structural Analysis

Let us remember that the structure is composed of five main elements of

construction, according to the table 4 below:

Table 4: Section and usage of construction elements

Section Usage
HEA 140 Pole

IPE 180 Main beams of the trusses

CAE50x5 Roof bracing

IPE 120 Beam

HEA 100 Traverses

 2. LOADING:

Permanent actions:

In this industrial hall, the permanent actions are the

self-weights of different structural components and of
the envelope. The characteristic values are as follows:

The roofing:

The panels offer us several advantages on site:

Sealing: 100 N/m2

External sheet metal 150 N/m2

Support sheet 150 N/m2

The load-bearing structure:

Broken beams IPE 140 = 0.129 /

Cross-link between HEA 100 framework 0.167 /

IPE 120 beams 0.104 /

Roof panel IPE 80 = 0.06 kN/m

Equal leg longitudinal angle iron CAE50x5 0.0385 /

Equal wing roof angle CAE50x5 0.0385 /m
The wind :

In order to calculate the action of the wind on a structure, one must

considering the different directions of the wind.
So we have 2 cases of wind:

Case 1: V(0°C) the wind on the facades

Case 2: on the roof
Case 3: V (90°) wind on gable with internal overpressure.

The table above includes the calculation of the three cases of

wind loads:
II. RESULTS DES CALCULUS ET ANALYZE
CORRESPONDENT OF THE STRUCTURE

[Link] at Ultimate Limit States

The figure presents the calculation results by family at the ELU:

 Justification of families for the ELECTED

The table above presents the most loaded elements.

No. Element Usage

156 Built-in bar CEA 60x7
31 Built-in Bar CEA 60x7
7 Bi-embedded Pole HEA500
103 Failure IPE140
109 Traverse HEA 320
48 Broken posts HEA240

2. Justification for Service Limit States

It is important to note that the lattice bars are not justified in ULS because
they are considered to be rather short elements. On the other hand, it
It should also be noted that the buckling stability is verified and justified.
with to
The table above shows the most charged elements at ELS:

No. Element (fig. 6) Usage

147 CEA 60 Recessed Barx7
13 CEA recessed bar 60x7
46 HEA 500 embedded dual post
39 IPE 140 panel
43 Traverses HEA320
49 Broken beam HEA 240
Fig : Justification of families to ELS

I. VERIFICATION OF THE ASSEMBLIES

There are several fundamental assembly modes used.

in metal construction, whose main modes are
:

Rivetting
Bolting
Welding
The collage

It should be noted that among the several advantages of construction

Metallic is that the majority of the elements are assembled by bolting.
Thus, this advantage allows for the machining of almost all the elements of a structure.

in the workshop before transporting them to the site and assembling them. In this
Chapter we will calculate the bolted and welded connections.

1. Calculation of bolt assemblies:

There are two types of weeping bolts among them:

Ordinary bolts, not preloaded, this type of assembly, less than

less used today, is practically reserved for buildings
temporary, therefore removable, or to makeshift and secondary constructions

The HR bolts have the same appearance as an ordinary bolt, a bolt

HR (High Yield) is made of high yield strength steel and
includes a washer integrated into the head. Therefore the coefficient of friction
( the elements of a connection play a predominant role.

In this structure case, we used the following types of bolts:

+ Class 5.6

+Class 8.8
+Class 4.8
3. VERIFICATION OF BEAM CONNECTIONS /
POLE.
 [Link] beam HEA 320 - HEA 500

The details of the justification are presented in the appendix, The ratio of

the dimensioning is 0.04, thus the safety factor is

of

1
S= =25
ratio
 b. Connection beam HEA 320 - HEA 500 (followin
detail H2)

This connection is described by the H2 detail of the execution plans.

The details of the justification are presented in the annex

The sizing ratio is 0.13, thus the safety factor is

1
S= =7.67
ratio
2. VERIFICATION OF BEAM CONNECTIONS /
BEAMS.

the assembly of HEA 240 beams and HEA 240 with a ratio of 0.51 of bar of
structure 3, 4 and node 5

3. VERIFICATION OF CONNECTIONS THROUGH CORNERS OF

BEAMS / BEAMS.
 We have the assembly of IPE 140 and HEA 240 beams with a ratio of 0.03 of
structure bar 4, 22 and node 71

The assembly of IPE 140 and HEA 240 beams with a ratio of 0.14 of
structure beam 92, 103 and node 188

+the assembly of IPE 140 and HEA 240 beams with a ratio of 0.03 of
structure bar 70, 103 and node 163

4. VERIFICATION OF EMBEDDED POST BASES:

The verification of pole feet corresponds here to the verification of bolts.

of shear and pull-out force of the bolts when they are stretched.
Shear is mainly due to nodal forces (in the reference frame
global) FY, FZ and at the moment MZ ;
The tearing is mainly due to the force FZ and the moments MX and
MY.
 In this case, the post is subjected at the base to a normal force.
centered N and a moment of flexion M, which is equivalent to a force
N offset from e = M N.

The bolts located on the side opposite to the pulling force and the
the concrete of effort N is subjected to a compressive force with
triangular distribution.

Pulling effort applying to the left bolts: T = A. a

- Traction effort applying to the concrete under the plate: C = 1 2 bh′ b

- If n is the steel-concrete equivalence coefficient (n = Ea Eb), we have:

h−h'
a= nσb h
Let's write the balance of forces: N + T = C and that of moments.

C (h−h3' ) = Nℓ = (C-T) ℓ

Calculation results:
The calculation was performed based on the load descent provided by the software.
of sizing (RSA).

The appendix presents the details of the calculation of the equivalent stress and the

compared to the ultimate constraint.

5- Calculation of bracings:

The bracing systems are devices designed to take on the efforts of the
vent in the structure and bring them down to the ground. They are arranged on the roof, in

the plan of the slopes (wind beam), and in facades (stability panels), and
must resume the efforts of the wind applied both to the gables and to the
long pants.
a. Pocket connection and bracing at node 96

Assembly No: 5
Gousset -
assembly name:
bracing
Node of the structure: 96
Bars of the structure: 149, 155, 150, 156
Of rate 0.23
b. pocket connection and bracing at node 13

Assembly No: 6
Gousset
Name of the assembly:
bracing
Node of the structure: 13
Structure bars: 16, 30, 24, 31

Rate 0.65
 C. pocket connection and bracing at node 0.53

Assemblage N°: 11
Name of the assembly: Strut - bracing
Node of the structure: 12
Bars of the structure: 13, 32, 26, 33,
 [Link] of the Crossbeams-Post Anchorage:

The calculation of the traverse in plasticity had led to a profile

HEA240 at the embedding with the column

- kN*m
M y= 192.85 ] Bending moment
Fz= -97.96 [kN] Shear force

Fx= -15,17 [kN] Axial effort

The bolts of the plates of all the pole feet are

justified
The minimum safety coefficient is estimated at:

S=1.05
The safety coefficient has been calculated for all the
combinations of ELU and for all the poles.
The details of the calculations are presented in the appendix.

7. Determination of the length of the hock:

The section retained for the sleepers is generally
determined by the moment at the ridge MC. This section is
insufficient to take the moment MB in support (MB > MC).
It is therefore necessary to reinforce the crossbeam at the level of

the embedding with the posts, using brackets

 Length of the shank:

The length of the shank is determined by considering that at point F, the beginning of the

the maximum constraint in the traverse is equal to σe.

1
MF = σand(HEA
V 240) = 235 daNm

The moment curve is parabolic, in the form y = ax2.

 Annexes:
Annexe 1:Justification of Ultimate Limit States
ANNEX2Justification for Service Limit States
ANNEX 3 VERIFICATION OF BOLT ASSEMBLIES
ANNEX 4VERIFICATION OF CONNECTIONS OF BEAMS / COLUMNS
a. Connection HEA500 and HEA320 beam
b. Connection HEA500 - HEA 320 (according to detail H2)
ANNEX 5:VERIFICATION OF THE CONNECTIONS OF BEAMS / BEAMS
ANNEXE 6 VERIFICATION OF CONNECTIONS BEAMS / BEAMS BY
COURNIERES
a. Connection beam IPE 140- HEA 240 at node 71
b. Connection beam IPE140 HEA240 at node 18
c. Connection IPE140 HEA240 beam at node 16

ANNEX 7. : VERIFICATION OF EMBEDDED POST FEET

ANNEX 8VERIFICATION OF THE ASSEMBLY OF THE BRACING
a. gusset assembly calculation at node 96
b. gusset assembly calculation at node 13
d. assembly calculation at the gusset at node 12
ANNEX 9VERIFICATION OF THE CROSS MEMBER / POST EMBEDDING
 Annex 1: Calculation note by family

This calculation note describes the sizing by family and presents the details of the element.
(by family) the most sought after.
Calculation at ELU_1
Calculation at the ELU_2
CALCUL ELU 3 :
Calculation at the ELS_1
Calculation at ELS_2
Calculation at the ELS_3
 Annex 2: Justification of Connections

1/Beam-Column Connection
[Link] beam HEA 320 - HEA 500 (according to detail
H2)
ANNEX 2VERIFICATION OF BEAM CONNECTIONS /
BEAMS.
ANNEX 3. CONNECTION VERIFICATION BY
BEAM CORNERS / BEAMS

[Link] assembly of the IPE 140 and HEA 240 beams at joint 71
B. The assembly of IPE 140 and HEA 240 beams at node 18
the assembly of IPE 140 and HEA 240 beams at node 16
4. VERIFICATION OF EMBEDDED POST FEET:
5/Calculation of bracings:

a. Pocket connection and bracing at node 96

b. Pocket connection and bracing at node 13
c. Pocket connection and bracing at node 188
6/Calculation of the Beam-Pole Fixing: