- -......

-
( EL,-308 } 1
or' 1-
ecommun icar'i,111 & S11'itcl1ing Netw ,._
- .

TELECOMMUNICATION & SWITCHING NETWORKS

1 l
(INT~OD U~ IO N)

ge) (a) ~it1:flcx

CJ t4f41~o (:cffl:il\11 (Automatic Exchan (b)fMrcR
~-r1 ,R-n, qcffliNfl it <TT ~ 3 1 ) cfi 11UT -ir q5~cn,1 ~
cf> ~ ~ "ITTrn 5 I ~[Link] (Transmitter)
numan operaror ct) ~ trical ener g;
tic Exchange) . ~ifl4k-< ec1l!./il1 B acoustical energy cf51 elec
□ ~cffl'ti\11 <$ ~ (Type of Automa
tq'q j~c ,
m'lTT1TT 11 zja '111 -q ~ tl
~i1 ,fc'.lct (;cff ltj uj qiT ~ ~ ~ ~
fto o (Reciever)
~ t- :fMrcR ~ ~ ~ electrical signal cf51 ~ : soun
d wave~
I . 9i'mrm system ~t,
2. ~ !.l- ~ -"Rtl sysiem
~ -~ -R tl system <ITT Tf: GT 1f11TT 1t mer vn
-~ t- · 0 EPABX
EPABX cnT ~ ~ 'Electronic Privati'Automatic Branch
(a) Non-director Exchange Exchange'% I -·
(D) Director Exchange
EPABX ~ ~ ~ DTMF (Dual Ton
e Multi Frequency)
~ii :td ff ~~ ii cpjTi 31A
qR,fi ~ ~
□ cITT ~ ~ +l w:i-cl ~ t I
g.e~
(Variou s Tones Used in Automatic Exchan .;,; 4 -4--. -. ~~
EPABX$WPR (TypcsofEPABX)
'"
..,...._,....+.C...........,
,.
~
A-......
,.,...., m
~
c1'"<1 cfJr1 ..., ~,rn 5-
f<n:-,: :&ct Qq-,HilvJ Cj'.)1
'BJ1lT it zja ufT
EPABX <ITT ~ cfi 3ITclR TR f-19 ~
l . Dial Tone
2. RiJg Tone
~ t-
3. Busy Tone i. Space division exchange
4. Number Unobtainable Tone 2. Time division switcbing
- · 3. Space time division -~witching
0 ~cii~[Link]> e~q;)-1 ~ -(Electronic Telephone Set)
~&1~PJq; e~q i)1 ~ <f> GT 1lm ~ ~-

~- m er ~+t ~ ~ ~.:flq,14· ~¾~~e-s (unifonn

ul tan eo us )~ qi1
Jll-t 1-ZZRif ~ 761 ffi ~~, distributed) mffi i ill N ~'( sim
vfl ~ i I ~
fg -~ (Two sta ge )~ ID"ff ift ~ ~
120141
fDraw tile hus1 tone wat,!eform.)
~~ (Restricted) ~ ~
c1ft ~ ll N ~
~ 3ITc1R ~ ~
-1 (Si mu ltan eou s)~ qi) ~ ffi cfTRl
- 0.75 ~ - - 0.76
<f> ik11 di ~ I

J{T-f J- ~ ~ 1p1 4,ffq,yo, ~ , fJ.f1{ w·4)fJm ~ w

Butytone
,oo CIS
'ltf1T'flTNli,?
11t by fully connected
Jll';J 2-J17f1Ti #No ~ 1Jit q"f~infiltt ~ I (Classify the s ..~chi11g systems. Wl,at is mea I20061
1201,, network.)
'(Dtfine base line net wo rk)

, .
rt: 2 EL-3081-- - - - - - - - - - - - - r- - - - - ----{ ~ (11/ l e"r) ~ EL.:..,:' ~1111u11rirr1fio n d. Swlrchim: /\'( / wo r k (
1 i--------r-- --------------{~~-1
.,
,nrr, ffil g'n) j ,· 11~-=-=-=-=-=~--:========1
f '
t. I
~
Cordless telcphon,· rR full duplex ,, ekss
uTT portahle cordless ~ 'ic. <Ii ded1ca1ed ,l-, i • :-; ,; "ii', ~ ~ } , 11 -g
-0
-8
t=~
~ f i { w r " l f f l ~·~ / 120141 <lil ll<lt>lffli 1 }
(Classify switching systems.)
Fixed wireless l!1i ded icated td q 1ho nc ~ '!l ~ :;n) i 1 1 o---
~
~-·-2_,
t ~specific~ ~ iml PSTNQ", ~ ~ i I '·r -.•;aa_,,.,....-~ - s
cordless telephone ct; ~ ~ ~ \if! [Link];i 'i;- ( -•gnet:§i
M ..3

I. ~ c a l l ~ ~ 3R! cellular phone ct; call~ '

Pawl--.
1/trtlcalmpplng
~¥f'TT"ll~<li"'!~ 'i; 1 ' V•rtlc11 stepping
(\/-from-)
(V-frO'n&ido)
2. Same~ qi) "ER c!211 "ER <'i ~ ~ 'TT i3"Q"lWJ "I\ ~ s~u;>to ~ S 1teppedup1Dlevel8

~i, !ta- A two motion 'Final' selector

~-. ~ ~ l11;! ~ 'final selector' ~ t ~ :..
~ ~ ~ ~ ",t; final twe~igitr~ ~ l ~ ~ 111;
I.~ ~ phones~~~~ ~i!Ra i1
2. ~tu!~~ limited~ tI ~ ~ ~ ~ <fi ~ t ~ -4 chain of;electors~
fttoi - Paw l and Ratchet drive arrangement 1:ITTl ita ~ 1 Final selectors <S previous selector~ mt\ t ~.

~f'T ~
llr-J 5 - ~ ~'CR~~~,
· (JfriJe shortnote_on the automatic excl1ange.}(2011, 2008, 07, 021
Marketing method system ll, m, ~ ~ ~ ~
stepped iR' ~ uflf6 1;!<11 marked position c!cfi ~ : ~ ~ ffl
group selectors ffl t i Ti caller~ ~ ~ ~-$ ~ ~ at
rotary movement~ automatic m"fll t I
~
1.
~
m~ [Link] t I Marki ng ~ special control equipment ifi 61<1 ~ ~ ;;;irn't t Step-by-step~ ~ -q ~ 3 ifJTI t- m
l 2. ~ ~
3. ~
~ fRfrirr-~ ;I;~ i'fF( "ffi'I{ ~ , ~ ~ ifi l,RT calling c!i!!l called subscriber <fi lJUr ~
paJh.x~ it f!ifi I
(i) Line equipment part
(10 Switching network part
~ (WriJe a11y four ad11a11tages of an automatic sH1it ~-h/ng system.)
t i "ll'6 (liO Connector
part
(20141 ~ ll pawl "fli!!l ratchet drive arrangement mm 1.,ine equipment Rart it line finders~ t >i1'l switching mau
:grm;i ~ 0 q\) m ~ lR-~ Wl ~ ~ i'i ~-~ part c5 ~ fi:"st set of selectors ~ ~ ma
t I Line finde
m ,:....cordless Aflffi "i'k" w wfire ~ f8mt m R - ~ ~ .'i GT subscribers ifi lJUr 1l ~ ~ t I ~ "qiRUJ ~ strowger system cliT step-by-step~ ~, 1ft uniselector m two motion selectors qi] ffl· ~ ~ f,
(Write short note on cordless telephone set.) human operator~ ~ ifi fiA ~ ~ t I "I® human mm iifRl ,(jffi'f[ t1 -;;\l() %i Line finders cliT preselectors ~ ffi t I ~ 1
. J1lli1T
t
operator qi! <ITT-4 ffi ffl ~ switching m selector stages ~ ifi IO~~~~ caller IO f<lfiR subscribers equipment part <In preselector stage q'; ~ ~ 1fi \il"RI iil"@J 1
~ 7fM ~phone~ i6 'IR~ ;m· ~ 1 ~ ~ f<ITTft ~ s~bscriber~ ~ ifi ~ I~ 10 ~it~ M From calmg To called
(Explain the ~lock diagram of a cordless phone sptem.) (2014(
~ti
~~~~it <:1 ll<l>R ifi m-af- ~ q;) ~ ~ ~ t I ~ ll<!>R ifi automatic selectorq;)

L~=· - II
uniscle:tor ~ ! cf!TTfc);" 1T ~ plane 1l move <!im t I
\ffl-COrdless~ 1' handset# <m mm ·~~~ 1. ,f.°ssbar system
~ u!@l ! I handset~~ "\ill fcl;" f i x ~ ~ ct;- m~ 2 .f Step-by-step or strowger system .
Str~wger system <m Tf: f.R Gl ,Afunn .'i ~ fcl;m uf1
1
~~t_tm~~qi"{ffltl~t;r_~ - ,, . . part netwol1( part
~ 'l'JcA -~ <IT~ mR ~ ~ ~ 1ct<ii fr limited ffifl ! I ~ mi-, ·
. fmr- Step by step S'"itching principle
~ ~-~ °$ ~ ~ moT t I corded~~ ffi6, (a) Non-director exchange
Step by step switching principle "ijj) step by step ~
cordless~ c6) 'ii\ ~ ~ <m itm ~ ct; ~ mains {I)) Directorexch8(1ge ·
No~:d~ector exch~ge <lil ~ ~ ~ mt <ITTm mlJtm·~ m!~vfif'1liR~~tMmm!m~~
el~ity~ ~ ~ :t/1 -
wipers ~ steps ~ t I
subsi:riber.<CI· • cfill -~ ifi ~ • <!i«l t I ~ ¥
~ selector control circuit ~ m ~ basic circ
~ -~ cfi ~ "l?c/i centrally located exchange ct; i,RI gl
~-<,uarding circuit, impulsing circuit, alarm circuit, ring trip circ;
~ -fcl;"m '-;;rrfflic!T ! [Link] ~ ~-q u!m ~~zonal fmr-Uniselector motion metering circuit, homingcircuit~ TT m"ff ! I
COl<tffl
exchange~ -q ~ Na ! cf6i directqr exchange q;) ffl ~ Outlets ifi several arcs <m ~-~ ~ top~ mount ffi ~ ~ ~ F I J ' l f
t4leoh(lne ~ t I ~ ~ subscriber, zone A1l " ~ ~ zone B mzone ~ outlets qi) ffl ~ ~ t I ~ "flif wipers "ijj) 3IT<mf<!i ~ Subscriber~ operator q;) ~ humber ct; oral repetition ;

.
fi.-.
,o,f
' .
.
" Ill
..
·_ jh
Con!lm
C1' ~ subscriberq;) ~~~I.
~fmv{-q, ~~ ~ a)3-q~-~
qi) q\)l@ qi'ff
~ JlllITTitt
am efficiency~ it -;;rrifr t I
if;l -~ (Principles of Operation)
StrowgerSyst'm-Strowger, wiper type switches~ ~
~ horizontally W-fl vertically GT-TT .Y move qj"vfJ iITTIT t I ~ !1qiR
q\ -~ q;) two-motion selector iliITTl t I
Two motion selector 1i "ffil!Rlil"lll 10 outlets illt IO tffiffi 2
frow) Mt~~ "ffi~ 100 outlets.!ll'1<f Na t I Two motion
·selector, subscriber "ifi iiRT <n ~ ~ (two dialed digiQ "ijj)
"qiRUJ ~ phonetic~ "ijj) ir@"llT eliminate~ fe-

umrr ! 1
~ oq; autQmatic exchange 1i s~itching apparatus ~
~ ~ subscriber"<!} -irn'. remote~ control~ u!IB l1 ~ ,,
,!:Crecy illt higher degree obtainable M ! I
m
,;,!~
selectors ffl t ilil ~ llRffi t I ~ calling subscriber's dial ~~~tom IOO!i~fcITTflift~~<li'fc;i<!nroute J. Automatic system "If ~ subscriber tfl'IR • -~ ~iii ,
<ti~ ~ "'Tl ~ 1R directly m indirectly 31'fm ~ t I ~Wlrnltl ,: , l1Rif t ~ operator "i5 iiR1 cf>1t ,t} possible favoritism ail
~ A basic cordless telephone system eliminate llR" ~ iiITT'fT ! I ·
 4.
4 EL-30S,----...,....---------------
<1H!~ · k ...>. , ~
sic ness cf strike 't1 ->1>1<111qn <ITTft ~ I
~-✓J-'J -Ye-ar~.,-~-
r.~= •· / "''"""'
~
~
,,.-tf<-eco-mmu--n,-·ra
,,
Ncft ~ u!if $
• ------,---------"7~;,,,
. ,.- .~
-,io_n_&_Sw_il-ch-in-g-Ne-,[Link].
ffi <IR'!1 subscriber~ Wt I 'lffi ,ft
= =·~,f,T:wtrrl~~
0penwirelineundergroundcab~patr'
~~~e~ledn;;,.ca:il
=<...;.,.,,=r.c~
~ a,m t- m spate""' ,.,..,., "'~"''

l
5. ~~'1 c5@ changes q;r registration automatic 3ITT' 3m)qi'
~mr!~/ .
I 2 3
::::::ff 4J ~ 789 0
Bi-mo1iona1 SClect q$ 400 c/s <!ft interrupt tone Ncft
0.75secon, 0.75secoff3ITT'~Wlml
i ~ interruptions f.P.I t-
:~a:;;~
waves q;) ~ end tR t -if f.l, ~ ) ~ a;) ~ ~ 1'fl't

!f!!~f~[ J
0r <t

J ~
6.
: :,"i: '.;"hiag j\ - ""1aJ j\ ~•hh,h< re"= !/ IN' EJedria!l waves NV' )~\

Auto telephone system "1 call set up ct~ /wrr Tf1lT ~

~
12
7.
~ ~ ~
'I><':)<::, - ))\\ ~/
1 Salm
day 3ITT' nigth -q -~ mr1 3ITT' <'.16 volume <fi Uniseleclor hunts for free First Selector So.-id/ waws
traffic~ ~ mrT t vfilfcl;- manual system-.) {;cl> calf <ITT . To free second selector waves
TransniSsion hne
establish ffi-.) ~ ~ ~ ~ t cf volume q;r ~ fit;r;r IR ~ <!ft ~ ~ c!l't ~ ;t;
traffic~ mr7 t I Wltar ~ .t o21T.~ ;,mft ~ ~ fc);.ft ~ q;r ,/o/1 ~ calling end apparatus
ca11n11 end appara1US
~m,~c/l't~371,f~&m¥.umftt , ~ Ra-Communication of Sound Waves by Telephone
<11G ~ ~ 6Rl ~ &,, ~ ~ I ~ ~ 1' Subscribers q;) ~ ~ ~ ¥
Jlr.J 6- (i) ~ ~ ~ ~ Wil<1T ffl7'rl!t? \TTR-(ii) ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ll<!iR cf;~ m [Link]~Ylffii 1-l)[Link]?ll~lflm1'~~q;)~ ~
(Wl,at is mea11t by called am/. calling subscriber?) t- i1<ITTJ~[Link]?llf.1'1:-f'!rqiRt--
( i i ) ~ q ~ ~ il<1f imt t? I. Crossbar system l. "'~~<1il'3otaicnm: ~ ~ q ; ) umifffl
2 Step-by step or strowger system
(WJ,at are fl,e co11trolfunct/011s i11 switd1i11g?) /201 3] ct; ~ Request 'ifR'ffi t I
Strowger system q;') ¥@ c:7 ~ -.) cf1ffpo Fcl,,n lifl
~t- Nurrberunobtalnabletone 400c/S
2 Receiving dial tone~ ~ Indicate~ t f.t; ~ umiT
'\'Jffi'-(i) . , . , ~ - ~ ~ c f ; ~ furm ·ciffc;i (a) NM-director exchange cfi~~t,
2
fci,,ntn"6c/i1fwr~~i, (b) Director exchange ---+ Time in sec. 3. ~~~,w-f11Ra;)~~t,
Non-director exchange q;') u'tt ~ <TT 1TTifi it ~ '<iiQ' ~ f.r-;J-Tones in automatic exchange 4. ,m ~ ct; ~ q;) Indicate~ t I (Busy m ringing)
~ ~ - ~ ~ *~~Tffi,qi@
fcn<TT~m"6cf;"rc;;s~~t , ~ fcn<n v!1ffi t I \iIBi subscriberc!l't ffis1l1 q,1, ~ t1 ~ q,lf (d) Number Unobtainable Tone- <IB cR final selector~ 5. BeflcfiringffltR'lf~iliWl<tl~<1>1c;mt1
'\'Jffi'-(ii ) ~ ~
~ ~ cfi W'll l;cl> centrally located~ cf; &m~tl q;R'! m ~ subscriber c/l't 3lR oil ~ t ufiJ subscriber fGm 6. -l) ~ cfi ~ voice signal c5'I electrical signa\ ~
~ fci,,n \ i l l ~ t I~~ "1 vlN ~~zonal exchange <fiR'f fcn<TT lfllT t cf! 'out of order' [Link] disconnected m f4R fclRl1 ~ cfi ~ electrical signal <1iT audsl>le speech i% ~
(a) &,c ~ (b) 'itiTR
3l11RT-.1 ~ ire t, Directorexchangec[;J ~ gI ~ m 3Ri q;JxuJ ~ ~ .; ID I <IB 400c/s <ti continuous·tone M I. t <R~t I
(c) ~ (d) ~ (e) 3ITfflR cfl!IT ~ ~ subscriber zone A "1 ~ ~ tt (directly) zone B <TT zone C ~ <IB end of call~ sigular~ t. vt'! endof ca11<1>1 Gtlfm t I
w~· ~ ~
1
~ subscriberq;') ~ 'iR ~ I ff,, 8 - m ~ ilft ·~ if:;, itt ·
\ Rr-r 1-(i) Tfi5 ft;rFrfrT #ffcJf 'iff ~ - {J1Tflm/.ff) ~ <lff. . ~ ~ q cfff1f J7R ;m;ft fitfiFr cRT 'fTllTrc,ft ~ , •
~ 'if ~ I ;f.t}Dial Tone-<IB m
1st group selector~¥@ <1i@ q;f.j (Explain the worki11g of cordless phone system with the hdp pf
(Briefly aplain tl,e basic principles of a switc/1l11g system.) iTTRfiubscriber c!l't ffi1l> <1Tcclt ([ii <IB ~ ~ subscriber
t t block diagram.) (2011)

[20J3j &RI~ lit dialing ( ~ fcn<n 1Tl/T ~ ) q;') ffiR ffi cfi ~ . JWcTT .
(iiJ Tfifi ~ ~ ~ 'lf •1f9clff M cmtt fitfiFr ~ it1ITT' I ~ t [Link] subscriber.q;') ~ ~ &,, ~ .' lh JrTm i1ft ~ w-~ h ~-. lift ·~
u-wllit~, . ~ - ~ <11G dialing c!l't ufr-fi • , 3fcRR ~ lfl/T fc); t 'ff111fl1T!/
t
sub~criber· ~ ~ '3o@T 3ITT arcr,r <1iR <6 im, WcIT· 't, ffi (Explain t!,e working of 'telep!,one !,and set' with the help of
(Explain various tones used in aut~,natic telepl,one excl,ange.) block diagram.) (2010,09,07)
[2013, 201lf
.
~~~ m ~ vmfi t I <IB 33c/s c!l't % continuous
tone~tJ ·
J1'FIT ~-~ ~ <1iT ~ basic blocks~~~ uJlffl t I
(b) Ring Tone-in;&,, final selector~, "1<f cfi'@ ~ 111?
~ ~ ~ ' i f ifiT11 J7R Wc;ft FcffiFr cRf ~ cff7T ~%~~t~~~~(ut)f.l;
JffiffitTcPIT~~~, .
subscriber cfi ~ ~ f1'tr ~ ~ ID ill, <1i@ ~ m ~voice~ tffffi ~ ~ ~) ocl> ~ ~ ) cfR' ~ t I
Rnf-Blodc diagrame ofTelephone
t
subscriber c!l't 3lR ~ 1 <'.16 &,, cfi'@ ~ ~ subscriber'$
~ ~ ~ ~ 1 e<i1)q,~cfi~l-l ~ uIT
~~-~ t
(Explain In details with waveforms and frequency of various
~ i3oTil tt ~ vmfi I <IB I 33c/s c!l't ~ &,, (interrupt
t Polarity Reversal and Protection Circuit- lW ~ ~
tones used In automa~lc telephone exchange.) [2010, 07, 02/
tone)~t 1 · t
voice signal q;') ~ v!lfil I ~~'human speech q;) electrical ~ il ifilll', ~ ~ TelephonesideiJlt [Link]' *
~-(i)~~~~~-~<TT WJ <I'll
~ interruptions f.l-9 lfq,R i- signals l) ~ cfi ~ transducer ctr m
cli«f1 t I ~ 'il m: ~ lff-lT i I {fl ~ if Metal Oxide Varistor(MOV)'8lfff t
0.4 secun, 0.2 secuf.1M--=-~~ff3ITT ~ ~ J ~ ~ 6 R l ~ c f i ~ ~ u ! T f f i i ~ ~ q ; ) v i ) ~ ffflclJ cf;) OvervoltageW p JJcn-r irRmlr
WI M7I ~ mm ~" ~ ~ t 1 ~ cfi ~ m ~ ~ ' C R ~ transducercfi ~ ~ ~ 'ifR' ~ l I
~~'1omg\~~'g)ufR!Jtl<'.16Jml;<TT~~ (c) Busy Tone-<IB cR 1irial sei'ector tl cfi'@ Current Limiting Bloek-'Q qlJi TransistorWCJddt
•~<liT~'IIRtfrt~~~~IDufR!I subsriber<lil o i l ~ tfr t ~. ~ subscriberq;') ~ fi),1TI
(i.e., electrical signal q;) human speech ll) uitf.l;~~*mr. ~~'ftCmndsiulrlM-
Private automatrc exchange (PBX)~ ~ ~ 1fif lfmll' t I
t I ~ <liT ~~ufR!J t ~ ~~•~ ffli, '/!ivl'T •~t"6~Btf f<Rftq;ful)c27ffifflf~cr-,fc);.ft'lft ~roup •
'rlfflffl!I . selector stage~ i)u1) iii! ~ l ufiJ % [Link] selector, 3i1W l) voice communication <6 ~ allow cfR' ~ ~ ~ public KeyboardudDlalerCi~-
~ iR"T ,cfi free selector q;') ~ it 3ffill'.f-m-1~ &,, oil tl) switched telephone networks (!'STN), i$ ~ interfic:e tit ffl t I ~ ~ cr;l' ~ ffl c1j1 ~ 'IIRffl' I t
.,
~
6 EW08
Ringer Block - ~ ~ <liT f[cfi ~ I C ~ '[Link] g g~ . .
r ar;,;frc'fi).rq; (Ill Y e a r ) ~ ~ £"
t 1~
~ (c) il ~ -
L,
- - ·- - - - ·- ·
ret,commun/cnt/on & s.,;,cl,/ngN,!lwo,·ks ) - - --
~-~ ~ <t ~ 'if; 'li<ffl'l ail <i>-,;Tol ~ <fi ~
- - - r -- -- - -- - - -- - -<, t.l.r.)08 l
ry; ITPl [Link]'. lj I ;;rm ~
7
Subscriber r.'41 Trunk [Link],
'11'1 ~ mo' 4 Mechanical bell q;°t Replace <1i«fl I ~ t g / transmitter res1S rancc ,«t,
1flTf ulRlJ
~ ~ .,; :\ ~ ~ . Routes calls al!l1 Rea l cal!s i\
~ "l'G= ~ ~ ~ -Dialled Digits ili1 R~eption ~
~ if.\ ~ Im 11 1i1< f<lTTn ~ I~ '1i'ffi'1 ~ ~ «i
imi m ~ :,-'frs;'l'tR <ti 'fl'lm;! &m ~ ;;\l<ll ~ 1 ~ ~
B@!

. c .___ /. Terminal equipment

.;,; T!<5 Transducer z.
lllWJ ~ 6'I ~ ilR"1l t m~ 'lffirr'l ail ¥R'
. i _.. .,...,. - . Switching network
Sound energy c,,, Electncal energy ., ~ ~ t I
"
-- f
•• '•
t .,,,
"~~i i ~ ~ Carbon granule transmitter .· f f . J. Commqn control equipment cl; ~
~
" l'.11
vll ~ t ~ ~ q\'J Overall working 1' ~ '
.. § j- . .f. [nput/output.(J/O) peripherals.
/'._,•f fflir7r ~t / Switching Networ1< flexibility M ~;
~ Carbon granule T;<5 granule chamber if iITff t, ~ · __ Subscriber Terminal equipment ·. • f.t<rn <I f.'l,m ~ (Input and Output Periphe~al)- Vt',
Operator commands~ _enter~ cfi ~ ~ ici ail .ri;< ~ <fi
1 ,
~ cit Carbon electrodes ITT& g 1'{!<5 ~ ' fv, im!T t ~ ~ · · · . ~ Jnllll -11 ~ 'GITffi t 1
+---

~ ~ - i;Acts;)tia;Pi<f><'I ~ q\'J Wl'l1 ,'i

) tine
Diaphragm cf;~ movable~ t I 1 Switch
r.a-operar'~ n of a carbon type U'811Sffln:
~ -Sou~d wave·$ q;r-.,:rr Diaphragm ¥ 'qRffi ~ mCarbon
and
a) ~ ,~ ~ t 1
gnmule TR Pressure ;.,; uITTlT t ~ Pressure <fi ~ Carbon · -~~ '$t ~ ~ l-;: \l\lnk• - - - - - '
· E'.lectromechan_ical exchange it;~ disadvantage ~ i;rci;R
granule~ 3WR ~ T/1f1 Electrical Resistance~ ;.,;m· t I Perfonns best with a polarizing current of80 mA. t-
fuRm ~ Carbon granules ct; ~ Current, variable resistor '$t. Relatively high sensitivity. The non flexibility of the design used.
~ Vary ~ 'b / Eq~al efficiency in all positions. 2 Wear and tear of the control switches.
Produces much fess distortion.
Common control equipment ~~~~~<l\'lljfe3ltqm.'!
~~- ~~- ~~cfi~
t ~ M t lITTj Control parameters 1R ~ ~ t1 ~
t
q;m llRoT I ~ '?qi' Transducer uTT Electrical energy cfiT Sound
t! Central processor q;'f fi➔-;i-fi1-I ~ q;'f ~ ffi ~ *
energy it ~ <IR'cl1
m-i'lc-rrH1
~ carbon elecfrade c·en![Link]~orcfi ];'RI~ 1ft "gcJ rtl!' alter~ control
(010ve$ with diaphragm)
--Diaphragm
~ w ~·i~~ ~~l'fC !'~~-a ,'J~
Fixed carbon
f.t-:f-Block Diagram of Electronic Exchange <R ~ i1 ·
electiode ·
Terminal Equipment-Tenninal equipment <!ii wlPT line, tnmk 1_ Call barring
nm Service circuits cfiT individual bas is lR terminate ffi <fi ~ 2 Reminder call
~ vi@! ! 3l'$y ~ [Link] it dete€tion, signalling, spe_ e·ch. ~- Thn:e wayql!

))}))))))})))}Jn EJectmmagneUc transmi_ssion o1!TT supervision ofc a l l s ~ ~ ~ ma-J1 4- 5

f!.epeat last call
Call diversion
Trunk circuits <lil outgoing ~ ffl <ITT'cl ~ transit cails ~
Permanent ·- - - t - -coi1swoundon
Sound-
Carbon Granules n;agnet t ·
Charge advice
incoming <lil' battery feed o1!TT supervision cfi ~ ~ <ITT'cl I
-~o..c;--,-- .., . ' ' pojepiecm
pressure t 6.
~ ~ ~ q;i fctq;ffi ~ iRGA' ~ t'm; t I
~ ~ {Switching Network)-Switching network, ~ 1l ~ Electromechanical ~ Electronic switching system cliT
Gl exchange terminations cfiT ~ ! ~ speech ~ signal q;'f combination 2lT I
iFi$ J!UPl ~ llRoT tI .
rffe;~'~G1W liRcf.~ !-
(i) Analog Electronic Exchange
f.a'- Transducer . (ii) Digital Electronic Exchange
Incomin g~. ~ '?qi' coil 'fl 100 mift if pe!11l1!11Cnt t · S~itching<fi ~ , ~ ~ cfi ~ &WT principle~

[Link]
~ (Principle)-vfil Sound wave *
Diaphragm Qx
magnet ct iron path cfiT contain~ ~ magnetic path -q magnetidlux
~ ffl t I Pole pieces cfi ~<IT~ gap~ diaphagam mff I t
~ snH I
/~~"<tJ l'iliR
Space division systems (SD) used in analog switching
i
3l'il Diaphragm cf; vibration it Electrical energy, mechanical
,·,W
~ ~ Press11re ~ \illoT tell Adjacent airi\ Compression~ iO 'Time division system (TD) used in digital switching ..
Rarefactio n~ ~ ~ i afR Diaphragm* Vibration i% energy -q ~ t
- ID u!@'t vTT Acoustical energy cfiT Radiate
~n Space division system it ~ ~ q;'t_ uTT ~ Space il
Acoustical energy, me~i~l energy ll ~ 'ID u!@'t I t <lmfrt1 .$<!nnection '1ft ~ <fi ~ exist <fRffi !. T;<6 different path ~ .
Sound wave qim~ion ~ DiaphragJn, ~ Front electrode I~~rm~t, . . .
~ cCt 3lR (inwards)move'ifR'ol t ~ ~ (b)ii~ 11m t I ·m 9 - ~ ~ i;;t 'IRtf'r 'imT 'fWllff ~ ~t· Time division system il ~ q,-fflr,f cfiT '?qi' Same path~
Matrix of crosspoint
~ ~ lffl ~ ffl <fi ~ :E/ectromechnical
~ ~ ~ mechanical pressure~ carbon granule ~ ~I -~~ uf!oTt ~~'f/1fl1 t3l'WT ~~ t ~mmt, .Cross-pointlR ~ 'i6 ~ replace qR,~
'ifi ~ ; ~ ~ 3ll<R'packm ~ t [Link] electrodescfi (Draw and explain the working of electronic exchange.)
1201(!,061 -~ . <?ontrol System-Control system, speech path il5l ~ switches l1i'I ~
~ -cilrbon-grimulcs<!il resistance"qc ~ t ·(~nirefacti ontf ~~,
4~~ front electrode~ '$1 am (outw11rds)move .i;m ~ ~ ~ -t , ~ ~ i l·mt~-11iiffl;; ;...:::::!!:= :fal:-
"- .....__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _...__L,____ _ _
__;__..:.,;;

.r
i
 - -- - -- - -~
..:::.:::=:-: --- ~-- ~~- ~-- ~-- ~~ - - - --.. --- ~ -~
8 E~398=-==7vrm=-=--:-------r
Crosspoint ~point! ,w, '("'~J<l -...r.
----- =:n=-----
~ " i f ; ~ "ilPrn ll ~
~
=-§ ,-.A- ~ -
ct, ~
• (lll Yw) <ff~ ~
:-~-q l:t "'t . . ElrJ08 9
t
contact <AID q;i b . ;; ,.,,._,._
verse ias., iw1 ~ contact open i;) v!lffi t I
-.,,i 1'1'"1c,
~ same physical path "ifil lmr7T
•t~, .,e ,commun,c(l{1011 & Switcl1i11g Networks
tt ~ ~
en'< ~ ~ ~ ~ .~ •r;!l!~:'::""':"""""""""""""":""'""""~~""""""""=-,,."""""""""""""" Set of funclions f.19 WnR i -
...,__ *
'"''<ll~'t1 speech inath -it= I±..........,_~ I
• 3"" '"'S: "1111 0
,espective
ch tirne slots~
~ ... i,,.....,. "
I
anne 15 .,,a i 1"1'(-1 highway aim)- ! I
~
. .
pi:ys1ca1 path~
~
1
10- EPABX 'R 'fir~ ~ -~ I B- Battery feed circuit ZiJi c,>nslant current source t ;;n
~ 1 1q, ~ vfTr@ t ~ ~ ~ 1l ~ Gl ~
"1'(1I ""- ;'.~

~ ~ cl>1 DC poy,er ~ <lR@l t I "!IB ~

subscribers"$r ~ ,t; ~ m ~ . , (Write a short noteonEPA BX.J · 12010, 09, 021
<lilmn'1 f~t- Gl ~ m<T 60 mA <l>l ~ constant current source g I v!<l
W. ~ ~ ="' ' In,erconn
"""':-'===;;:aa:;==~====="""""" '
~ • ~ '"'' 5 '1 ""1 '1> resp_ectjvetimeslots <fil interconnect ~.. ,,1 f~""""':
-,-,-,,..+
subscriber off hook "ITTclT t ffi "!IB ~ ~ iTT vf@l t ~
(i) Spaced"1 · ·
. . . ~•~1on(analogswitching) 1,1c11 i, I ~ ,t; ~ = b =" ~ ,a;R- EPAl3X-EPABXStandsforEl~ctronicPrivateAutomat·ic
• •
(u) Timediv1s1on multiplexiog {TDM)d,·g1·1a1SW -IC 1 h'mg '• l<"I', '-'" SU scrib~r Aq,1 "11 timeslot
~ ~ < T m ~ t ~ loop current cf>t:a ~Im ~
( )m~
. .a N><it\11-t- Space division im'-vJ Jl ~ cffi,J \TTr
. •· o
highway Pl t , q;') subscriber B viT f<1; time slot 61l high 3 ~ ,Branch
Exchange- IIB m>lR! ~ 'fl" f.'19- Gl ~
way 3~ l/i<cfl !1-
q;') 'R'liM
~ ~ ~ instrument ~ men t ~ Tip (T) om Ring(R)
t, xl intercon nect~~ t I
equipment * iml ~ ~ vJTa'l t -;;i'l ~ 1l Subscriber cf; 3N-l organisation 1l ~ ~ I "'l'tl Mt cit Tip(D~ men t
. · ffi i I v1q <fi'lt mxi ~ I
position ~ occupy~ ! 1 <IB equipment ~~1s~:~:
(i)
~O Private switch ~ cf; ;tr,i- time sharing mode 1l PSTN ~ PBX/Key system situation l where 24 volts system can be found) it
'i6t- duration ct; ~ occupy~ ulffi t q;i ~ W!1l' ~ ~ ~ ~ t 3l~ subscribercll!TT EPABX <J; llUi ~
ii
-----TS3JtE.:~,.iai-~:'
lligi1al SWilch
TS3
m
q;ra ~ ulR <ti_~ 0<m WT~ fcITTrr ==I.,... -,. ex1~st
1"ng11 -y.~-' - --IIB , ~
aj.·.··. .·.·:•:·..·.·.·.· ,..,
<!11U ~ i
-¥fol q;')"Gfil'mEPABX.;
cit ~* ~
il't telephone m~
'fl" cfiIB
trunk lineq;')
outsideextension t cit~
console
3ITTfl q,)
. ~
~~~m; q~q;r~ fcl;mu 11,;q;m t1
O-0vervoltage protection ,~ q;) atmospheric noise~
~ !'"'~ -~ TS6
route~~! I "<!>T'! "$f tit\~ t ~ ~ <1>IB c1>1 attendm ~~spike s~ Well "!iGR <IRcl1 t I ~ ~ .<ITTR (copper
I Step-by- ,,..,. "'
-- ....,.~_,-i,
..,-A"'.,
electromecham~al exchanges, space division v '-'<'"'
step exchange tf ~ ct ~ - ~ cffi,J ~ 1fr "1lT calf <ll', 11ffif -:m q;ra "ifil infx ~ t 1 ~ ~ cl>@ <l>1 "'1""iR <11'1 wire)~ ~ "$r mfcf t ,;fl noise <fiT pick up~ ~ 'q,)
duration* ~ final selectors <liJ im)lr ~ t q;j <ii'@ q;') ~ (dialing the number) ~ 3lfcWlcl, destination ext~nsion wnf<m <IRclT t I EPABX cl>1 ~ ~ ~"fl W(e!l varistorm
partic~lar space 31!1TTIT sel~tor cfi 6RT Identify fcl;-m ijjJffi t I fl cAifc ~ ~ t I
4
zener diode qiJ ~ i:/Rcf; qzyi <ll'I vi@\ t 1 ~ ~m <Iii
~ ~. space division principles {R ~ ~ {R,
"'~•
· EPA BX, ~ cf)Rvi cl~ DTMF (Dual Tone Multi ~ ~ t v!"il' subscrib er~~~ 61 I
"'~~

speech switching network ( ~ ~ particular call -qfr routing, ~ "11{~ M t I

\TTr ~ :q;'fc;r ct ~ equipment qi) employ <ITT'cfi t ) ·<liJ
"1l6i ~ ~ highway I mll highway 3 <fil ~ llqiR Frequency) <l>1 ~ ffi R-Ringer relay, "l<R ~ ~ l:n1<I ringer signal q;)

m q;w f I Speech switching network 1l cross-point~ -qfr ~

~ ~ t I ~ ~ cross-point switch ,t; ~ ~ ~
v!ffi l q;i gas discharge tub·es, semiconctuctor diodes -[Link] reed
relays "ifiT ~ m ~ ~ uim I ffl'l ~~~D ry t
interconnect <lRclT t f<1; incomi ng highway I 1l time slot 31R
fur.m outcoming highway 3 .'i time slot 6 ~ ~ gr vi'@! t 1 1' "ilicT 11m t-
WIR ~ xl incoming highway_3 7$ time slot 6 "q;T ~ outgoing
highway I ct time slot 3 ~ ~ uf@1 t I m _ ;
;
~~ =;;;<l~
" EPA BX ;t; Wfi'R- EPABX cl>1 ~ ct, 3ml"R ~ a't"!-+lllli subscriber ;i; instrument "fl <Aclc <lRcl1 t I Il1; ringer relay, CPU
<ti 6R1 ~ (activated) fcl;m v!@I t n~ physically~ ~
SLIC-it ~mm % I Ringer signal, 75V,25Hz<lil
WR vill "fl EPABX i$ -q'f<R ~ ~ ii ~ mat. t I
-- -- - ---- -- -,I
mm
t,;rt f.l;-

TOM~ "ffll!R:l' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ "ITTclT t ~

Swi1ch&TGU
,---
reed rel11y<lil ffl7T fcl;m v!@I t I ~ ~ 4 x 4 full ava ilability Space division multiplexing ~ ~ fw! '3cA' ift -~
I
pulses <ti~ q;) pass m prevent ffi <fi ~ ~
I
cross_•point.swit_ch q;) ~ ffa (a) 1l crnfm 1Jm t 1~ ll 4 inlets
I

· t b = t· t ~ f<t; analog exchanges cll!TT time div,·s,·on sw1·1ch1"ng = I

· on.,,, off A-... = ~ I =+- t= I .,,,
~ fwl I~ fwl cl>1 digftal exchanges<ll'I ~-q -ml~ I
~ p.,,..,.,.,,.
i, J"1't1~ ~ c;il· re~ rela)' conta'ct ct,
eRT 4 outlets q;) access ~ ~~'~"'~ t 7"s1s or ase '" ga mgpu ses q,1 I

t I Space division switching 1l calling al!TT called subscriber Gl"fl

I

qi) ~ ffi <fi

I
~ t I ~~ Cross-point * tITT'l' -~ ~ W1!ur \[qi dedicated path~ m t I m; path cffi,J t ·1fm.i
~
,I,
[Link]
~ marioor lead am~ ·ttold lead.~ ci; I
equipment cfl'I wear lJ:f Wf1! o<fi ~ "ffi'l1 t 1
t -\1<i t!m A q;i B z;t'l1'f To~
~
P-wire
~ ~ mm · · I

wires~ i uil speech_path q;) ~ ~ t . 'I. moving part~ t I

Time division switching 1l m fur.m -qfr sampled valiie
I

f a~d tear quality qilJ" ~ M1l

I
I _______ ______ I

~ -~ ~ ~ v!lffi t I Voice~
'.!: Equipment* components ;:ll, high rel iability cll!TT long life <li1 ~ ~ wm
~ q;T{ ~ q\) ~ "Nyquist sampling theory" tR 3T1tTift! "iffift t ~
~ ct <!iRl1I maintenance efforts -qfr
fm;r- Block Diagram of Analog EPABX (4 extension line and I c91itie)
~t I ~ [Link];i <ll'I integr ity*~~ k m ~ "/5. S-Supervisory featurs, "!IB SLIC g m ~ ~ Tf1Z liook
y signal <ll'I ~ m"4t -
~ ~ - i j fau)tqjl diagnosis<lwfl q;i ~ qif,l1 ~ ~ ~ ~frequenc
I~
3. status <ll'I ~ ~ t I ~ ~ -ij ufq' <fl' UM (loop current)
3400Hzo< fi"Mt ~
<1gc! 3TIBFl mmt I frequencys ignal<ll 'I~ 300 Hz~ m
~M t ~ off hook cl'-tl on hook status cfi) sensei6ull
8kHz,<ll'I ~~M t I t I~~ "fl 15mA m ~ ~ c t ; loopcurtent<fi'r dffhook
~ ~ 1l q;1f noise q;i qilJ" power consumption
Architecture and Interface ofan EPABX-miJRr ~ ~
4.
mm t I status <ll'I ~~'GI'@ !! I
~~ EPABX .1 -.fi'i)-~~ U: ~ ~ N a l i ff -Hybrid, "1l'!; SLIC~ Jlf1<J voicesignal<fi'r ~~~
~-(a) A4 x 4 full availability cross-point switch showing the
contact arrangement for each cross-point
5. ~ qilJ" space ;:ll, ~ mtft ~ ins1at1 t m q, (i) SLJC: Subscriber line interface circuit isolate ~ t ~ voice signal q;) ~ ~ SLIC ai5" hybrid
~ ~ "!fr qilJ" Imm t (10 CO: Line interface circuit transformert &RI 1Jffi <IRi'II t I~ JriliR "1l'!; ~ -"four/two ~
(b) ~1iATuR ~ -Time division switching and tone generation unit (TGU) conversion"Rfil;m·t I ~ ~ ° i l ~ W ~
h1f -q ~ Pulse code modulation technique -<lil 'Sl<tlT ffl
6. Better administration ~ traffic observations, loading of CiiO Switch
equipmen t~ ct ~ ~ ftq)i ~ iffift 'g I (iv) Central processing unit (CPU)
(v) Main distribution frame; (MDF)
~ "fl. ~ path ct attenuation q;) compensate
I~~ unidirectional~t ~
ffl*-
~h cl'-tl supervisory signals q;) ~ ~ -q -qftqfcfu. · m mt
~ t I ~¥ ii iffi ~ "if; samples q;) continuous. 7. ~ ~ ll subscribers <Pl ~ ~ facilities (v~ Power supply ~ c!?.lT ~ m *~en ararlffiffl (diffma ~~
- t
~"it@t I ~ dynamic STD, detailed billing,autom atic (i) SLIC-~ ~ <ti 6'"RT subscriber<fil EPABX -~ ~ ~
illfog,·,1o.;,o ct; ffl • ct; discrete points 1l ~ q;w ! 1· subsmkr. ~~l3l'm f'l!ftun ir_"il-ijg~"f olir-wiro ~
call transfer, conferencing etc. interface f<ITTrr vi!~ J ~ ~ cfl'I ~ - EPABX it
t
1llf "discrete ,oj$, <if time" -q;) time ·s lot~ channel tR signalling<l'l'I voice Jlf1<J~
tl~~;t;a iffil'8P ABX .
~ ~ ll simple commands <ti &RT -~ ~ lines <ll'I ~ 7$ ~ m1'f t I Subscriber line
en
·1119tr f I ~ ffi ~ '$ consecutive samples 7$ ~ ~ 8.
~ IDift t° ~ fcl; ~ 'setoffimc:tions', -~ crmq;) ~ .. ~- ~ "four-wirecin:uit" lift'
~ <1w!1 q;i ~ qi) ~ <1w!1 maT ! I transmission <ll'I
. I ~ ~ ~ i!;f cr,\ 1R "indelinite..osoitlati'on"'Jlllff
~ speech signals multiplexing ct; samples -q;) ~ ~ t ~
31R!R
~ WJiM <IR I 1).~ ~ ~ ~ ~ f<li-q ul@' ! I t
 ~~
fe/ecommunicario11 & Swf1c/1i11g Networks \-----,---- - -- - -- - - - - ------<-£-lr_31JS
_ _l_l_ -:::; Ill
6 E · # ~ programmable memorycmT RA M~ @1Z battery back up~ Digital EPA BX-Analog Ei'/\BX ti human voice ilil. speed• ~
!"ire line ;Ii) four wire line ~ ~ hybrid trsnsformer $ Gffi 15
-gfcll·il ~ decoding logic~ particular address r m ~ ~ path<Ti ~~~SOM~'$ GR:~ [Link]-!~ "ti ..,.._, ,..
11
· ,;,;i~::'°
~ fclxn '-'ITffi tr
7. Call # 11 + E . no. To fo~rd cal! · ~ 110 ITTi rm~/ ~ <imll t I switched f<l;-ln \nlffi ~ I Digital EPA DX -it human v0ice <l>1 ~ ~ _ I,(_
(ii) CO Llqe l"terfare Unit-~ wk~ l!JUllf "fl CO line 10
forwardin ext. no. . (v) Main Distribution Frnmc (MDV)- EPA BX$ SL_IC <l'[Link] trunk line interface m¥c: Ti speech codec ·.- L
cm ~ tt EPABX :ff interface ilR ~ i I · { · 'liffl'l-"!IB ~ f.t9 i!iTTUTT <Ti ~ i - (PCM 3TT"fi) q;J ffl ffi ~ Tj iH<!i c!irci i I iffici; <1'fG --IL_
I. Ring Ddeqion for Incoming CO Line Call-~. $
8. Cancellation # 0
9· Call Pick Up Dial 'S' .
61'1 ~ ~ (inwmingring)rm ~(detect)~ -mffi ! I 1-:-;;:--t;;-;:--- - + --:-:--- ·--+a~n;_;_vo~th~e:'.Jr~o~
To cancel DND
To pick up call ringi~ffi ~ _{• A fixed means oftenninating the external cables. TDM clil ~ ffl ~ ~ extension q;1 switched ffl ~ I
means for moun rmg Ihe protective device for incoming ftqffiTj ~ q;'t Gl ffi'rcl;l ~ ~ ~ \ i l l Wlrn1 t
:J. .
Ringersignal, 75V.,,.,~5Hz<lilffl t. ~ PSTN'f! EPABX~CO 10. Follow me # 16 +Et T , drt.'--- -;,._ ·t • ! , . A c·ircu·its.
X • no. 0 ,orwar_ call to any, . ,
~ $ iJitR it;n -mffi t I of source ext. no., it is activatea , • A mean~ for cross connecting the external circuits to the (i) ft![Link];i q\'t •$~If<'. i.e., ~ o m ~ I -;, f-
2.0vervoltage Pr~t~ction-lfl m¥c 1l overvoltage r;-:,--+;:;----;-;-,-,--+.--:-::----c-+fi::.:ro~m~d~es~ti~na~tio~n~N'.".-o ' appropriate internal circuits. (ii) Distributi~[Link] t ~ 'CR i.e.,~ al'R ~ l _ ~
protection~ ~ - ~ <l<lifll; CO~- PSTN premises~ 11. Cancellation # 17 + extension To cancel call folio; rn:. ' •. Aconvenient point of interception for locating of faults. iJ!il ~ '$ in <l'[Link] out ~ ~ f ell ~ . -ry _,
no. . '' __(vi)P?werSupply~EPABX<S'l:ll<R~~<[Link] analogelectronicswitchingal1fi 'ijfij ino·m o u t ~ ~ t , ., t'
EPAQXpremiseso<l>~w(J ~ q;): ~ -~ t I cffi_(wire)lfi
(Iii) Switc and Tone _ Generation Unit (TGU}-Anai.~ . ~ $ ~ ~ ~ ~ q'; ~~DC~ AC 'flt -~ digital1:lectronicswitchingM t Im; 11'1~ t fil; ~ ---l
noise rm pickup~lll't ~ -~ ;4<1>~ t ~~ti,
ffllIB $ >lRfl!•if:(fltinyseasons)i\ ~- ~ ~ -\ilRfl .t1 _
EPABX ii ~ cross-point~~ ma t I ~ cros1. ~ ,i;) ~ ffi cS ~ cfill!-1' ~ \i!@I t I ~ 220V ~ m~ m
in~ 'olit~ ~ 1-~ ~-q ~ ~ \
point,disuete<Cr Wffl itegrated circuits(ICs)-$ ~ ii ~ 't = ~ ~ ~ ftfr::IB 'lli1 ~ -q ol1fi ~ <I'; =
B. ~J_,. l
AC; ste_· Pdown transformer rm~~ tom~ -=: - -
3. Dialing O~t the Pulses in Cise of Outgoing CO Line EPABX~ subscribercti ll!ll ~(signalling)-$~~1
4-
~ 1
>< " ' ' " . , ' q, - .. ~-3- ,,~"t 3'
Call-~ #m,I 1lsubscriber$ &RT pulsemode'ff ~ ~ Tf(/ ~~~~ilmalt1 ~ 24ACom9VAC~tii!)f<);~~(diode ~t~~t-,
~rm~~ (relay)<lil wni1 ffl repeatfflim \jjjffi t I ~ftll. · Digital EPABX 1' fwl. TGU 11x3wnftf ~ t ~ G) rectifier)$ &RT rectified fll;7.n \iITTIT t 1 . , sue . ·,
~ <!ft on/o~ $ ~ aciivate am deactivai mfu t I p....:i;
RAMS1V1~ SPM(speechpalhmemory)(l'[Link] HM(holdmernory)
3!il24vocrmmLM311c3p· · 113
··
-1
mvo gereguator)IC's'11Gqi
- ~I'>- (wilh)
CODEC
. · sv
_ 24v
.,...-;
-
Ul11rfolff.A~~!- ~ t, ma\ t I~~ EPABX<fi ~ wRc ~ <!ft iilIB'I mt1 ~ LM3!T1t ~~Wl24YOC,~~~ Power 4W ..,, -
• Relay ~ TONE ROM 1' ~ ma\ t I -U TONE, ROM <lNITT ~ q\\ ~ ~ ~ LMJ l71R WI SOV OC, ~ -c o~~ ringer llJPllly . · m.,,. ..,.,.-;
• . Polarity gul!f~circuit ~t1~~i1~~. ~~il~~ c1;~_~fclxliiiffil!tt~~<Rll(l(l'9voc~~ ·. 12V
• Opto-coupl_er !1 · · ~ LM 317 'CR~ cj,xH -;,n sv OC ~milt~~ ';,c_-
• Hybridtransformer
T(;U ~ta~ds for Tone Generation Unit-~ ~ qiJl1 ~ <Iii J!1WT opto-coupler '$ ~ fc);?:n ijfffij t I ·
• False ring.p~otect!on unit
~ mllnitorilll!-kllles <li't wm <lR'lT t I
4
2 VDC forline fta-Btock digram of digital EPABX
TGU ~~<!ft "ijfR ~ iR, f.t9 i- ~ -EPABX r6 ~ -
I. Dialtone (i) ~ end~ features <lil ~ host I -.--.
_2 B~tone
(iQ ~ featutre ~ ~ t 1
ifv'.
_
- J. Ring back tone
4. old music OiQ ~ software release 3lIBRl ~ install q\'t .;,r m,m t, '!ml: ::·
<n. ' l ! R ~ ~ ~ (74HCl61),<n SIPO~ remote IDxT I
. ~-CO line interface wit
(iv) Remote diagnostics~ ~ i5f4 ~ 'GI@ ! 1
_ 1ffli ~ J ~ <ilt -i m ~ ~ !1 Polarityguard~ (C 6t5J~ ~ IC (Comparat~r IC) LM 324 iITa t I """"

~<IR• ~1"1
~!er~~-~
iii)~ brid~e manri~r1f ~ ~ ! I Opto-

~.t; ~-~ 7lV'ifribm.~~5VmoT,t .;i'f CPU <!i'r ~ t

~-&-[Link];fl -&-Jq;'t ~ ~ o m SiPO
~~g voltagi)~ false rin"gproi~ctil!ri unit~ ~ cti Gl "fie IDx1wmffiLM3241' mt(eed)i!R~
t"lffe:~~ t~ -~ mom~ m
zyn WW] mlit
. . WAC

.
* 9VDC LM317

,f.a-Power Supply
(',:)-· ~ -llfc!.tninks ~ ~-1544 MBPS:¢
Wfll
.2.084 MBPS 11 i
(vi) '®I M4i.'1f.t<ii~l1 ~ 'fl gateways~'"'~~ ;-:;
. :-
~ -1'
. ' "'-

~ t I ~-~ <ffi LIIDfflll. ~ ~ co01binatiorit &RI ~[Link]~ M ~ 3RRll fiFl M 1 · 75VAC,25Hz<lil~~.15Vpc _~ <lilffl ·~ ~ ~ .telex, WATS~I · .· : / ., -c
ilill Q YlT ffliffl t I Fa1$etingcir~uit~. ~ .<!i'r ~ : : -~ ijfffijt™~~.<li!AC~~ (viQ ~ ~ 3fR ~~~~~it 'I~ >-;
~ ! ~ ~ -20,2SHz,gnfi t ffl Cl'U'q -~ ~ §sl Hybrid ~ <Iii J!1WT ffl t I ~-<ti~ 'CR 20HztR 20KHz
1
~ -lill'fl<!imt1 ..
DT 1
[Link] <Iii•i3WT 2-4 conversion~ 4-2 conversion ct; ~ 1
t
clock modulated~ ~ ~---~ ~ -'CR DC -q (_viii)··Gateways i t ~ ~ ~-SNA, D~NET ~ -i . ~.
fcl;?:nijfffijtl +5Vcc 11 ~l?J~t~W!20Hz1R75VAC ~ , t ; ~ C (ix) ffi 'p reciseffl~·ifi fffi: Mlq,.:gf.l~~11 ~ 'cost "--
1 11!1iil?l~t1 ' -.. -- 3 ~-R <Iii analysis~ allowil'Rol t I -..
4
[Link]. Feature Pro <1mmin Descri tion BT 15V (x) Modulator,~ ct; ffi1 ~ it upgraded ID ijfffij eo.. I
I. . Cati Tnmsfer Flash + To transfer ~II to any ~ t1 . ··=
<Iii ~ q;m ~ ~ <.c _ /
Extension No. other hone: ·•·

=:~~
. 2. . R:eaial (xt) Common~ signalling if<A\q;
Dial'•• To red ii list dfaled no.
# -·+ Exl'ensibri To monitor call between
f.a~LM 324 IC
PBX~ develope R~ mt I m; q ct; 1IR -::-•
3. Barge in LM 324 li 'ilR differential OP-amp ma ~ I ~ cR ~ feature [Link] ~ _<IR<l@l t I l
no> two arties. . ~ 1,[Link] ft;j't iA fiR ~ 10,9-R m ~ t I fiR ~
<Q.

4. Aut\'I call# 13 For automatic call back i (xii) IDxl ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ GFflpnivide ,s -

5. Do
back c :1-) ,.· , I ' · dialed:1IO. is bus ; •
not# I~ ~ When ~ ·in ,DNQ,,ftll),® ffi ct;~ I
5 'CR ~ combine~ elm fiR ~ 6, ring back tone q;'\ ~
t
t
(xiiQ Voice~~ zyn,t; ~ 6<lJb.11s~ t 1 _ : .•
1
. disturb w~iche~er dlals your n6. (iv) CPU (Central Processing Unit)-CPU, 8/10/32 w ' ~ ~ ~ ~ -matt
(xiv) , ·
:!
-1 ~- [
'--:-'--'-'--~--'-~'-"'--'-''-"--'-.c...1:'w:;iil~I~et.:!'.b~usL:..t~on.'.!:e·'...,_~ 1, ~ tR ~ mo! t ~ RAM 1' fmv! ~ - EPROM
,.•~:~-E~.
:r·
 ~~f - ·
~ -- -- -- !i£;;,,
,;; .,~
ftf.tcommu11i1.-;;;;;;&_•Sk-irchin
-,-- - - ---~ /--
N, ~
.
jI mfi)i ~,n,,,r 'ifrr- -~'R \'if, 'i,W cf; <liTll .
. . ,·_-- - -
:'lfl " Q;;! I ID~~ ,d,J vu;,;c;r;f,,'< w-,-,.r.;; 'i/i1 •~c ffi/'1"1 ii;

~ SP(' ~ ~ abbreviated
<!i1 q;r~
~tl) ';IR(J d
:Fl ~ • q ~ 'l-•i ~'1 '5ffll t i :nfifi
,,..,...c
"'''l ~<f i't,r r-, ,rr.-;rr:ilITP · oa fa q <:'I
J!Bring operaricn) <!if;J "'1ffi g1 ii a,~ il>Fr ct;
f!Fcr.-n ~ ail 'f:,-r< <i• ~ifR@T
~ ~ ~ G') ~ ~ , <;;, w,,.; '3'~ ~I
2~
I
I
-~
i ;;;4-~ ' I f ~ mt,J,f <$ <m ,J fihvrt f<tiffl1T
:
l
1 ~Jl~•Hcfi" ~ "fq1f,:br ,
~I
/6ive dera:te~ ·acco 1111t abou
,J_ec0!/llnu111catw11.)
t e11ha11ced services i11
120071
lir-1 5-~ ;fr;, ~ ~
(Draw u block diagram of tlrree
ifiT in ~
Itage 11etwork.)
~/
f2014f
SWITCHING)
{ELECTRONIC SP4CE Jt'ff i

I . . . . .
·; ·,
~: .
,-
.
. zz..
~
~ m,rJ,f ~ ~ ~ 1fll1 t? ~Expla
~

d1allmg in enh{!nced services?

I
in.)
~ N x N ~ vm-, '/ff
~I
/~ miF/1 ~J h. fW

I ' (lfhol/s abbreviated

.
.
~~ ofan N x N thue stagt netw
(Dra": tht! [Link] structure
txp/fUn 11.J
otbit td,
120081
nced Se~ ices )--'~ l!f'!l1l! ~
# . cJ;l
all '{-~ mmi (Enha
~ m.r-n-'lm ~ 1' N XN ~
. .
·
~-N .x [Link]
.., . . '2 ~~~
D ~ rinrrii ~ (Stored Prog
ram c~ntrol) . Synchronous duplex mode ~ <1fl!.l l't:t fcl; ~~ ~
~~
H,
I
J
~ ID<r• SPC ~ gI ?TT: Wlf•
~<ff i lm'lt t: ~ con
~ ~
trol ~ ~ llTIIPJ t mi
~ t ~
IDoT t ui)
3. Load sharing mode
fcmftc1 SPC (Distributed SPC)
f<rnftf SPC ~ SPC ~ 3!l)e:1
;,im) ~c.l ol 0~
q;J SPC4 ~ l!ic1-f ~
~~ M t <1 ~
~B 'tr' 1T ilff icf i~-
~~ Wf
<!t ~ 'i!R ~ JJ)ufr 'I) Mt -

l!q ,jq
r.
,J:
~M ~< 1~ ~
J~ i~~ ~c fi
I
vl!W ffffl ,!J~ 11

&:I ~ ~ if store ~ t I
cfi
reliability IRA' q;<ifi ~I~ lf<l;'R
.
I t, ~ <Ti ~ ~
if ~ ~ mi <it m g I fcrn1 pose Fc/i<rr vmrr ~-
-i<R <ii7R ffil~I
~ i;T lT<m ITT?. t ui) f.'r9 -g_ ~~ t~ m
I. ~ SPC (t~nlralised
SPC)
~ ~ ~ qi) f.1-9 <TT J«liR ~ decom m~ t~ 1f i?T T: wmI
(Distributed SPC) ~ GX' t ~ f.r1,m fcITTn ufR!J !
2. 1 ~ SPC I. ~ decompose ~~i
jj cf; ~ aiiml; •
I

~ SPC (Centralised SPC)

2. ~ decompose I GT QTfb
equlipmen!) fw1c'f llTmR Miscellaneous service I
~ ~ i31JcRUT (Control ~~ (E nh an ced Servi
ce) /.
g I ffl ~ <!ITT
Gffi replace ID wIB g I
,f SPC i mi f.R ~ ~ ~ uffffi i- ~ ~ ~3l1 l >1 ~ ~~ ~ .,
ss cTiR if ~27 N-,T ~i-
lITTF.R 10 I 00 'efi c;r/ ~ (fil, proce
t 1.c f/ff t;r, r~3 TT <f~ ~
2. called ~3 TT ci, ~ ~
., 11) -!TOftI
networl::
(Modes of Centralised SPC) Barring of std ~ l'la- N x N three stage switch ing
ct~ SPC ct i,rn .3. JR7 mrrti ~-A uto ~ JfTT :. A9breviated dialing
g calls n~ ,N ~ .<IT Tr~ qp
; ~lanriby mode ! Recorded number calls or no dialin · . - ~ ~ N~
Call back when free
·
~ i f ~- ~uf R!J _ ~~ 1c t;~
t1
.~ q _p_
~ ~~ Jffffi q;m I t
,oJ4)1~h, . . ~~li ?,C~ ~i; ~ p X S3TTlliR
I Ca'il forwarding S xp3 11 qiR ~~ .
~~ ~2 ifrx rtW T~ 3if .
ij Operator answering
:ffl ....lffieJ ~ ~ ~ (Direct controlled swi1ching mcft!1
_,.• ':.·:~· , . • . 1)~ m
-
'iff ~ system) (Subscriber) cf. ljt2l ~~ 3J q< fcl i~~
ll'r.l 1- ~ '[Link]. -q ~Tm fflH nfr lf~ · ~ fmci:I :it~ GT ~ if W ( Cca 11ing_n_umberrecord s = rps +sr2 +sp2
f<twraff -er; ~ I ~
'1cqq , - ~ (set up) ~
t-1111 ~
i,=->. q" l1qiR c(i ffflcq
(11
a11. wa,tm g
.fTII
a tfuaI processor ·'
drc,1 l·• ,
,ec,u re in ~wm
c(i [Link] it
. t ..
WIT I ~ 'WfiR J.. Conf erence call 2
S = Ns+sr +s •!!. ·r
(Name the operating modes of 41 ............ --"
•1 q,x., __....,.
q1<'I
.,;,,....;. ~
c.,.,, .
r
fmci:131wrr lffi~ ~ ~1J onse) ~~ IV
(201 \j4q1
ll on hold
l'llr Cons ultati
c1,1 fmci:I ~ ~ Wl
centralised SPC.) S= 2Ns+sr
2
rit ~m ~ ~ 7Jfct, ~ ci, ffiRl' (Resp
m' R- ~q ;ic ;rl )~i tii
t~f .nP .iu ~ I~ t WJirc; ft
( Automatic alann · /s=s(2N+r
2)/

~ ~ ~ IDil g 3/R ?T
T :~ ~ f.1-9 ~ it tflflT ~ [Link] q,«fl I t 71i R([
~T == ~~~~ STDharring m'G ~~ jrd ~if ~~ ifiT Jro
q;Tl fq;-m it- == == == == .~ ==
wmT ~ Wfm 11! 1 ' Maficious call tracing
t-
Jl'f.J 3 - - ~ sPC·1f
m 120141 ~ ~ if lmffi ~
TfllT S=!!_
in centralised SPC) r
(Explain load sharing operation
R ~ ~ u!IB.t uit {;c!i ~ S=.!!_[2N+r2J
.
:.~ dup lex llm
'3f fi' -~ SPC if GT l1lm r
~~ /1Ff./1Ff q;T1f <l>ffl g fuRm ~ ~ <:mrr ~ &ain
2 2
3. ~ ~ l l m S= 2N + Nr
uITTft to m ~-~
~ fmci:I ~ 3!l)arr 30% (!qi r
~ r
~ w,m;tt 'ill1T t? mlffl!:ffi<lffi!Jti'f2ll t
m 2-rm~ t~
controlled switching system.)
(20141 (overl~dtrafficj$'1Nit1ft~31
wt; r lJl'c1llr ~ qRJ1TT iiff1II
· subscriber~ ~ DT~E
'!JW llC'J -~
(What is direc ~ ~ <fj ~ 3@ TT~
 Telecommunication & Switclling-Networks
a,R--(i i ) ~ ~ - ~ ~ t ~ ~

~~ -a;)<[Link]-m~ zjcJ\i[J<fq,ffi 'g-

(i) <liTc'! .mmM ~
Sim~~-d; ~ ~
dS -2N
dr =y +N=O
2
~ =~~;<l\'t<fi~:::::~~ i31@1EI .cfR<IRT "
(ii) ~ ~
(iii) ~ ~
~ ~ ~-' i f ; l ~ ~. 6Tcl~c!m
r=.fi.N 3. 3!jxa!UJ <AlTo! ffi <l\'t ~ tifcljTr,t; ~ 3ljffl11I ~ - ~61xl~fclim-;;J@lt1~ftiw!<t;~
~ mfil t I ~ ~ ~ ~ lfTT <WI ~ i I~
Smin =2NJm . ~ ~ ~ tcr cm ,irn1ITT ct; ~ qi) llTW! ~ -ii oJicr u!@l t I ~ UT!lrl ~ cli1
4. ~
~ ~<l>fltmfilt1 .~ ·cli13TfiliR~~[Link]<<Rffitl~
IP=;=)¥]
5. ~~ ~~~~c!m- ~~<i,ffilfi~-~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~
·~lfitcl~c!ITT<fi -~ ~c!irotl l ~ ~ ~-~ ~ ~ -<Ii\
Jff'fHRllf:j~11,i,, J/r-, ~ ~ , , f ~ ~ I -qi:~~mH1 f.r:lfuT ~ i, ~ ~ ~- ~ qjJ fffi:11 m~ t,
(Dlf/eretrti•te between Eie_ctromechallical and Electronic ~ : ~ ~~-q ~~ ell') c!W~~t I
F.x~•nga.) (20131
. ~ ~ SPC Configuration 'it redundancy <fi ~
~~ -ii ~ -~ -qjj so-'!lfctmr ~ ~
~ ~ -q<1, ~ aim inmR ~ 1ml i I ~ mmR ~ ~-
tilp ··1lift1tlf ~ ~ ~- ~ 1/ f<lffi ~ I ~ ~ iiW ~ q;'r ~ clRoT t 3lR $ ~
mm t1 ~ ~ ll -~ c1~ ~ ~
el1flf'T 65 lITTrncl mffi t I ~ ~ -q 400000 ~ 500000 ~
(Dijfermlillte the electromechanical swltcltlng and electronic c!l')~ll'flar:!Nffitl
~imti1
sw(i_drliij.} 120081 ;ft<)-~ ll ~ SPC<l>l. ~ lf1!I t-
1 ~ l l ~ ~-c!l') Jm'l,mcmGffim11mt' 1
•• i fft'Wtt rr .
lffl.;~ .<llff ~~~,l~*[Link],cl ~-~~ wffl Chaining Table

~ jwr; ~~·1 ~J,f.N,11 s1i'm f~-~ 3ft)err cfi1l' crvR; 3lT<ffl /Re~ool
·-i\ilr"*•~-q;w. t11Rg~~~%fcl;~
illftffi~--;Ji:q~ t I ~cl-~~ Wl'R@: ~ ~ I
Key I . Module 4
-··tHr:, : ' l Key 2 Module 8
--- znnrs··- -z ·· . . Key3 MQdule2
. JIR"'I:~~ SPC '15 -fit":wfirc<r if ~ I
(ln;/ll~·dmll-tll"e<llltttlUfedSPC.j
-~ ~ ' t t R . i f f ~ ~ ~-~if•.~ 1
. . [2013,-081 f
(Eipl,br 1/Jo#t ,pplkatlon -[Link] In a swltcl11ng ~ystem.) . t-
. . (l0iJ, 081
,_ __. _· · -_·(?rnM 1•zs d -
Next Module
Address

I .' ~.
 : -•r
1 --fr;°:_l_ -)r
j f l l_
~ - -- -- ~ - - - ~ - ~
- - - -;__. --- --
i (!jtecOIII/ Jlllllit ,111(,n •
~ MTfJ F ;;,;, MTTR gt ff)
•
.~ · fwitcl,i 111;7\ '(•/;vor/. y--- -....
-
;JfWfT
fMtvR cW1 'Fm {m, ; ;fl ~
I
i V C MTTR ... (iii)
~ [Link] f.'rlif?m
wmTITI
cITT

u/ ,111 outp ut cnnt rt1

flcd 1i,,1e di , i il( ,11 ;i111e
. ([Link] ~•urk i11,: I~(JI~ I
I ~-\ITT';m ~ ii: M'/ 131· .fpace sK•itc/1.J
Jlq,11
[Link] ffi1'
I (MT BF) 0 = (MTBF/
2MTTR . 'ufirr, Jllm ;ti ~ ~ f#< f ~
.
,rr/7 ,

fsct1\l1:, ftc1fibt
lwm r$l!I
wit. (iii) ii: 'ff'! m ll< ftqq ;:/Jq ij'l{'f TUI Tc'f
diagram explain the worl
<in;: ,,fourp11r
~ (V) =(2M TTR J
2 (Wilh the help ofsuitable
controlled time .divu ion
space switch.) · 120081

aING) - - -
F
MTB
( ~ Drvi~ION SWITC
D
Jl'lll1T
cTF ~ m ftqq
qlff t?
· · · ~ :f¥n-.~
11r-f2--mrH:~iHil
~
i/r nf ~W 11
~ ~
11 ~m ~· · 'ifiT m:: ·
ut controlle_d_(ime divu
ion space switch ?}(2007I
.I -~ ~ ff 1
, ,i,itcl, -us/i:,g _(Wt,at i~ an outp
~ -ii ~ ·
. . . . .. (Draw the hlo51t diagram
of a time dlvifioit spac 6
0141 . ~~ f¾ f ~
·wri:I [Link],~,f m ~ -
' <!V T~ ,i; ~
.
J . . . . _. 12_
!pace_array and expl ain i
_ts 1110rking,) ~ 3TT'i!lful
~ ~ 't ~f. m,r ,i ~ -clil f.iilru1 tFfq ~ I 'Rg ~
'i'l'lT'J
~. (Time space tlme
. · -~ -~ -~ (TST) ~ ~ ~ '¥<f Wfl1' ~ W i l l ~ -~ ~ ffl
. .
il<R-m ~ (Space Switch}- ~
O

(Array) <Iii
~ ~ • ffl qi) f-rim ~

I
~
~. ~ [Link]!H~ ~~I~
er;
rie~ ork) ~ m N llc/iR q\t ~
~ 1 )-~ -~
·. D ~ '(Sw
· <IB t[1Ji ~
itchi
rrfwm
ng)
t ~
.
~
e* ITT'1 delivered ITTW
t
*
l;ifi-interfac~ ITT'1 '7v!T,
s
· witc
.
hing
~ Wffi_ t ~ me
i1 ~ -~q;r JlfciITT',fim
t cti't design cJ,R
cJIT Tro i 1~3 T:J
J llgif
ll< WT
ITTo)
~l1 ~ <lmf
g ~ M ~ q\t
; ~ ·v!IB g 111 Mx
~ ~ N ~ q\t ~ cm GWIT T i I
· ~
-
1 :·~,,M1./11t ~ ~~
. G1"l1 lr<m· ~ -q' f,mf
!i ll' f¥ftl <Sl ~ N iml *
3ft. f.!9 .'f-l -;i ~ ;;,rm g_
I
urrnT t cm1 ~ interfac
Co_ntrollcd time I ~ ·i ffl t . .

I
i l l ~ ~ (Ou tput ii:~ t G ~ ~ flllRETif t ·~
fi* ~~ ~- ivn ~
n Tinr eSwi(ching) .[Link]@: ~ -W 7!c cl; &RT W%
l
'fPil -~ Wfl1 ~ (TimeDil'isio ~ -'? cl ~ AND !R T' l'f
I
~'i i1, Rc il1 ~-i
f ~
t~1 1R <P 1~ ~if
~ iifIB1 t I
sto re division switch)
~ ~ <(; ~ 11 * ~~
f.)"rm c1 [Link] ctrmsm
'IT; [Link] ll< f.;,!,
NM iu!l
fFm ,- q~ tW % ~·~
vim ~ I
·
N = SC
. . _ti +t., + Id + I,
N~-1~~
125

ct'iffl .t ~ B# outle t i ~ ->lff i * ~ i f

ching) ~ ti vlID t; =
tm= ~ ~ -~q
i';J- ~
• ~ (Comb/n~tion Swit uf/ ~ t- -~ ~* W IT HR fti ,
t f.1-q ~ ITT'7 W<l' ~
q,i W::,
• ~ -cfi't f.r9 <TT irrrrt · if crier ~ c;m!T 'cfi'
vlT Wl>ffi ~-
td= @~ r;;J
W! l,_M / ~ q~
q
'! c / ; ~
~ _-ti f.'r mii lii~ IIT
i. Two s t a g e ~ t,= -~
2. Three s t a g e
•~
t- N=S C- 125 wrrwm ·
~~ii~ v!IB ~I~ code
~ TT= <TT irrrrf if <li
e~
t;+tm + td +t,
Two st a g e . ~ ~ <Pfi ·~ -
~ t; =N ~ ·-,r ~ ~
.
i:f:~~qiTQo'ftflm.
e$pace)
raie8NkHzimft ti
(a)c WT 'Nfr (Tim
m ~ (Space Time)
(b)
~ - ~ ~-~q ;rc :r1 ff"i f 'ifc ric ruT
T~ t-
. ~ Wf1l' fctirrfuRr ~
(Input-Controlled Time 1- -Y .
l. ~-~ m(STS) .
11 ~ ~ ~ -ff<rq
..
.
t iilii 2 -( -
~ lTi1iR it; ~
:Div tch) ·efcft
2. cW J-m -~( TS T)
m
. ,~- ~-ork) (STS) ~~ (Space Time Space
' • , f¥fn 17 f~ ~
" ··
mctT tvrr [Link] ' i f ~ ~
·
<7iPR!T <CR • !
. . · · ;
iMT cfi«ft t I
.
. Switching Netw -----N-1
· : ~ :lfcliR :$ ~ "lcq
,fq;J de sig n~ ~ 3ITT'l'R
. . .. . N- 1- -Y -
.
:, t,.~ ~~ am m --~ ~ t, ~ ~ tt ~ i, N---V I !
8us
I -----t-------------••--~,
: Cydc cooi'0 /
,

. · MTBF.
R .(20f4, 2013, 2006/ " j
~ - (A) . MTBF+ MTT
~
;ft -,1 ·~ ~- ~ =~ .°M q;r. lfltll' i'J1flI ft ~ ID<T. ~ ww
~-~ cil1 W
JWf 1- ~ '(? -w, ;rc ulm ·MTBF - - ~ ~-f <R
~~q;r~
, --
~~
systefll and derive the M rrR =~ 'ifi r~ m . ~ -~ W ffi l~ ef llf fi~
t,
duat pracessor
(Dejine avail9biliJy q/ a (l-014( ~~ (V )= I- A division space switch
ofthe system.) r-Mv,;; 7W ftqq ;tt ~ Ra- Out put [Link]
cf>ffl turm
/onhulafor unav~ilability = l~~_M_T_BF__ 4-~ [Link] crp . ~r1 ffl *~ m
~ ~ q;'t ~
MTBf+MTTR & Rn l~ t '1I TT ID t~ ~ l1W l'1
m rt ~~ (Availabi
lity) ut controlled time division
spare <P fi. ~~ ~q il~ lff
~.'!ITffi:R ~ '4 mtffi * ~ (fJ1ilure)~ <liT lflW.
Jlc f<m ,
MTTR. ,'rplai11 tlle- w~rking of outp
_Itel, wit// tiie //tip ofsuitnbl; diag;am .) (2013/ .
1~ ef. nt~ wm ~3 !j1 MTBF+MTTR
~(M TB F)~ ~o 21 .
-1fB 't@ l£@ '1~ t1
·~~
 ~ (Ill !ellrJ ~ ~ f:t
1,Jecomn111nica1/on & Sw/1chl11r:Network.r ) -- - - - -1 - -- - ---------\!E~~d31111!!!..JL1~9!.,
m ~ f.!J7fn i i ~ ITT<IT t I ~ 3ITT'lft<lil *folded ~ ~ ~,tj'ijj ~ ttfTc ii~~~
t I l"!71i cl"~ ~ ~ w>m: IS.,~ O S , . ~ ~ ~ sillffl
q;J 1[</i J ~ "'1il (speech) •gnal ~ 3 ~ ~ ii ~ (!!)<"'h)signaf lll'I
~ , t , f t ffiflW)q,ffl~/ f.!"'lfm!2iiGWTT 'Tl/l tfmr!i [Link] ~~wlfcci;~ Analog '"'1 il ti >ro!T Ciffil1 PCM (Pui,c Code Modulauon) 1111
t I "'!RT~~ .:r:i'\ ~ cli l!El! ~~~ti IS.,
t1 m<RJmll digial .;q il ~ l R ~ ~ ~ clil ~ IS,. 1H ~ \ilTlJI ii1lffl tw ~ ISi ~ ...,..,,- ~-
1l ~"ct~ cl:!.fl ~ H R'R 1R ~ f.1'lcJ er; !Bl/~ ~
11A 5- ~ ~ ~ ft<lff (TS/) ';/; fl? -4 ~ I ~ vi@! ~I ,t; -11FR'JC. lj'✓ t,m t !
(Explain 11/Jout time-slot lntercfl11nge switcfl (TS/ switc!,).)
i,~~tt!Tc ~"lt\ITT"!'cti iw.'ll).~ct;~~f¾i 4
~llh i f ~ -~ 4 1,11 Rfll;m ';f digit~ ;-,gna~ bunch
G ] ~ ~ 6 i f i ~ ~ ft<lq 1ft ~ 4'11tfl ~

----------
/2006/ o'<I> qt<1H ~ B<1A ~ad vi) Im! 2 ii GWTT mrr i 1 ~-l) ~ ,i'l.'>flll;,n ,t;'fftlillllil<1 film'Gll'ffl tmt1tl'I
u11<11t<1:m 11'1'1f.!!llh,,i, 'fl Sl)CCChsigrol i i ; ~ l f 3 1 " 1 5 cf; lWl ~ ~ t@J ti
3IUlfT
il t\ f.1;11! WllT f f<lm1'I ~ signal lffl ~I vii ~ ti
~~~~~wttc~~;prmJTTffl ~ (c,i6 drop) 'l'1 1 """"'""""""""""
'lll'I 8--(I} ~............
fb ;ift mm;rr tt ~
'i3'[Link] TST#tltff .t ,._,,.
~I
(Drt1111 the block dl11gr11m oftime slot intercli11nge switch showing
- , - - t --s'> 5. F l ~ ,f ~ ti 'lftt!'l llil 5. .U ~ il am; ~ -q;i 1l"IWI
~h=t1 fit;m uITT1T t1
~115t~,
Read input data ; Read OM;
lb prllt~lple.) /20141 write into OM; -[Link] · 6. lU!I channel sp;ice ~ c,ill 6. ~ cl1o nnel s ~ call, ,#ii m;in ¥ (Wlt/1 the llelp of suit11ble diagram aplJlln the worktnr of 111'S1
read CM to output ii; m 'lfi ~ -~ 3TIIR 'll ft'ITf<lra ~ WIil ti ' : switch.) i20l3l
-mm i,
u m - ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~fwl,J-qq;
~ ffi
il ~ ~ 31WT--"1WT ~ ~ 3@xTB if~
f/fif[ ufiitf ~ JW}q; ~ ·ct
Jltiur',r'~ ct .irn ~ ~ t -------t
Operations in a [Link] _
,e :·.~:: •- §!~§i
~~W311'11ff1T:,~~~"'-~-ft#f'flllt'IIIP1
J1!1m4t~, ,
;cl
"lrJ"n
muf@l!i .TSJ"it ~ cfiT~ ~ /Bq lie/> ~ tci,~~ o!(fat do you mean 6y combinatio• nvltclllng1 Explain die ~
~ t , l ; ~ ~ -~ ! 1~ .~tcJ;tR M~ fnputstream
1

1l'li!OOWl il P, A,Offl.11f;l workin10/11'fSTswitcJ,.J llOOll'I -...:r'f°l

~~~/ ~j/jfitcl;~/ ~ fu' ~ lR fflffll \J'lil~il 4 ~imll<lffia '
~ ml'~ lift •J4B.'1(i4j ..t-~ ,
mr,rnTll~m!p!f.t,rh,,y
fit;m Tf'll t' ~ ~ slots(time _,.,,t_s;
Wf
t I W'flf ~ '3i1Rfc;! [Link] gm-~ uf@l !-
1

ti . (ii) cTPt
~
Output stream I fil;m uITTfl
slots) 'lfi311tm' 'll signais ,i;'I~
._ . 125 ' . (Explaintheworkingofqtimemu/1ipl!'(d1lJ!l«switdl.) 120131
r !i:s =11 , • (M+1)trs hvllffltl ..,;· .., . _J_..ij
OS,. 0S1 .. ·
WFrtffic~ir~~ ~ct3iCTir~"ff'·~
ITT 7- 'f;cf; ~ $T~ ctft ~ q;t i1f.m ~ ctft
8l umftt 1~ ~ '$ ~ ~ cJ ~ ~ ct ~ ,s, ~ q;t ~ , .
~ -cfiT,Gffla i [Link];~~ t.t;~31JoifcfPit~ trs
~~t)'"wm q;nf <IRlfi ! I ~~~ :t 3fcfiN ~- ~ '$ f--+
Mtrs (Explain /he working of a two stage ST switch will, tlte /telp of
~ c!lt'~ ~ ~ f ~1¾!'~ -'!R ~ fu ~ fBq Wcl JS =inµ,ut sfot OS=outputslot
suitable diagra11~) f20U]

f,;frij~J if TSJq;i31Ttu/ '~1T<TT ~-

-Rame-+i ./mi 2-Time slol interchange·switch ffl~ ~ ST fwl- 1{q> ~ -ST~~ qi) ~~
Output_~ot no. ~~~iwf~NiTT·! ~~ f t o2ll~~<liT ll~~~SPJ:J~~<Alm ulR!l !i ~
~~ ~lfllT!i , '
Conlents o/ data
ct;~'$WfRM t ~ ~ ~ ~
.~ oryloj:3tions .'if;,. ~. M
. , ~-~
. .
l1arc,:~C=2M~i,T,-ftt
,. .
1

13
76
51",
.::t~-~ -~ cf~:~ ~ -if 3vi/f
(Dif/e;~nflale b~een,.~paee division switching a11d-tim~ [Link]
- 191, t .. .vwitciiJng.) . (20131
26
·--42

I. ~ ~ ii exchange ti I. ~llfil;miiir,i;'ll'l1S'l3A1!i
~ equ_ipntenl ~ l['P g) <l>'IB ~ vii ~ i, a>ll ~ - ~ST~
il'il.l cfiT 111li~ 'lffl'l ll<$ii 111li slot,mm i
<!lfol '1/il ~
ll TSI 'ff?.IT 'ffif ~ct;~~™ "'It!~ .
M· ....__·. :.:27_--'
"•. ~ mft t, iiIT I$ linte-slol ifi&IJi'fl i I ~!/tlfflq;~~~/ ~~-qM~~
CM=~~ 2. ffl 'llfil;m 1' ~ - 2. ~ ~ (DigitalJ ~
t, ~ tR-qq; ~ q i ) ~ 1{q> ~ otTT cJlll m
D'TS=tirn(,•1:lodt ,. ' ~ (switching) ~ (switching) '1/il lflitrT · f$lll· ~iil@T!/lic/i'f-'!¥~fuffi~4 Qxffll1Jm!~
, °"l"•,nemory ~vl@l!I vl@l!I ~ wife 7~~ t <ffil 1,7 g m ~ 'GfTffl t I ~ -'ll<liR

Principle of title llot ir,terdlange ·~ ~ 5 om~~ 6 cm~ 0.16 gm~ 'GfTffl i.:.TST~
fta I~lime~lot i~811ge switch
 20 £L-JQ8 ; - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - -----,-- - - - - ----/ ~ (llf lear) '({/?'RI· itrnft,

~ c;1 ~ ~ ~ ~ \'!2n w~ m -~ ~ ~ r, ~ '1'l<I i -~ qfu 1:0 ~i ™~

<fil1Ul~WJ3TTGRi;J<;RbTffi~l~~-"11{~<1l~ ,r,~ W1<1 ~mfi'rcal 'g1
q,7

~~cii -~~mITT~«'TT'c'.<lit~'1t\ ITT"ilcfi'lillrm

~ 'g I C~ ~ qi) ~ + ~ cRl <li\ ,R«II

4
'3'ffi'-c(ii)~~m~:_~ -,lcli"R'<fi~c/iT~
ftr;j-q ~l'J<TI ti° C=2N+MN

1_1:M_l·~· l_z_,,11_.1 -,--+rn~ll I . =~=Jm"". ='i811=

·w-1~=9~=~=ils;,,,,''!Jf'P.'==,i,i='Rfc11==ils=tit:J"f'f~ . ~=,;,,;
__,;...l?
(TRAFFIC ANALYSIS)
(Whal do you mean by source multiplexing and destinatloti
~2 demultiplexing?) l200Sj
. . ~
. ·, ~ ~ - 'lfflcZI· ~ 'i/fl ~ ~ I
N- I -,----'-+ ~ --" •I (Define. sour~e ~nd destinadon multiplexing.) . 120011

0 ~~ -~ ([Link] Paramete~~) :~ (Markav Proces5)

~
N ----"'+N ~-am~am-~ .~ ~ - 6 ' !.~
random process if:'i f;rt:,:; >:-:;\'I =i ~ I ~ ~ f<lm Ti
[ME:(ITD . IBEITIIl ~ fr); wm ~ m ~ ~ ~<>fffi. l!GA ~ ·ilil ~s:-fq;q,~~ 1Jcl>Rct;imt1~'flqi'D <TT,
~i1~11~ft.o_,@; q~ -.~-tni i ~~7~ ft~ij
~ t ~ -~ ~ - t c i ,·M~'fficl~~ f.'[9'lf<T,R g- ~
F-mfclil ~ ~ 'g ~ [Link] tcf> ' T T ~ ~ MfclrR I . «T'Rl 'QUcl(Busy hour) c!iTc'l l~c'l''•dtcil t 1

~ ~ ·(Delays)s!cm)
~<fi~~Mil~~clil~~~ 2. q\q; cZffi! U'Ucl (Peak Busy hour)
~ ~ ,;i11f~Ri 11~;;; :,t, ~ '$ti'.,. (e:e1\"'-<j4'1Jiw1)
c;mml'J?.!ltl 3. '{flf1l consistent «Tffi t!1'c1 (Time consistent Busy Hour)
~ Gl,fl l!<liR cfi'l ~-q ~ m wm lITi1l i , 4. cITTc'! ~~(Call completion rate)
c!il~in! ~§ 1
~ffi't!W~~~'f!Wf.'rto-tci,~~ il 5. cZT'Rl 'EfUc1 ~~(Busy Hour Calling Rate) BHCR-~ f.i.;; tp ~ ~ f<i,,n ~ ~ ~-
~JtR~c1~-tci,ciiwm~"4*<ifml 6. ~ x'l'lf<I (Holding Time) Average Busy hour ca!!.;
~-~~- m~ j,)m .'g1 7. ~ ~
BHCR Total no of subscril::er
~N~~N~~tt~t,o-4 3f,q; ~ (GradeofService)
'11G CCR-~ f.i.;; 'P &Rt ~ T.i: ~ t-
!25µS ·~ ct;~ ~
- ~ jf;lj _im) !1 ~ ~
WFT ~ MN m ~ -clil ~ -~ -3WWfcl> mill ~I~~
i ~
M:::::::t7 ~ ~i 0'
~ 3lTlli ~(GOS)~"! 'fu;:i~;,T 3T:flIB 'g \ill~ 'ifi
<!,RUT~~i.:rr~sH1
[Link] success thecaBs
CCR ~ [Link] call anempt
~ . ~ [Link] call lost CCR~BHCRll~
~ =~=µscli11f1fi~~-q;murrmil1f1fic&1fwllc Wl't':ITT! q i ] ~ ~--~ ct~~-~f.'rm mi - GOS - [Link] 3lrn'ffc2ffil uui#.i~
M t I ~'[Link] ~ ~ j·'i/>T m ~ cfi ~ -~ CCR
BHCA
li N m ~ cliT fwdt<TT ~ ! I mmt,~wm~1fl-~ -~qi]~~Kf.'rm~
f,a ~ ~ 31~1Hlli3c3G cliT ~ ~ fc);m "'1ol t I m;i · 'ifi,.,~ ~ I T T ~ WT t f~ ~~
~ [Link],[Link] ~ ~ c t ; ll'c1l' I: M <li! ~ m'trr.t I ~ i li voice~-~ f.l:\o 'ifi slot K 'TT ~a:TI "1t1 ii
~ ~ i,1x1 ~ ~ q\'t 'm]lll ~ t1 3@: [Link] ~ i~· ~ 1[1fi '!TT~ f.'rto lfii
~~~i?rvfm!i3Rl~ll6l!~~~ (ii)ffrffl~~,
125
N=- !fcl;3IB1!--3R11T~~li~c!i1~Wl1'1,ml ~1-~~<flfTt? (Explain markov process.) f2014(
[Link] WT ti~~~ ~'ifi ~ ~-qftq2<~~
([Link] carried traffic?) (20141

~c1mH1 n ~-(i)(a) ~in!~~ GR1 ~ ~ l'J?.!I ~ ~

00.i ~-~~(Carried Traffic)
;sJc] ~
1l ~ ~ "1R <Im~~~ qpl ~ ~ q;) !RR ~ ~ ~ c!i1'! WT t I ~
~ WI ~ ~ ~ ~ ftti v!@'I i 'f!W ~ ~
~cfi1 ~ lffl,ffi (maximum capacity) c!iT ~ <fiT ~
lrl'llc/l q;m 'iilTiTT tI -~ ~ ~ l l ~ <FTc'i 'iRTT? IB'l'l~mmi 1qig
~ ~ = usage/36 x I00 ~Mt,l;~'ifi~ tcnWro iicl2ff3RTmcITTc'!~
;iiff <R ~ID~~ qi) conges tion mt I~~~
• . i - ( i ) ~ ;pt wrofirr, ~ -
fJ;ne f'1efolfH'oi11g -~
~ ~ ~ 'i$ ~ ~ m ~ oq, tffiffl' ~ ffifi t
vr<I n<fi fc); f.'r:IB t<f; ~ (force) tTTfil t I ~ffil '11 He gr vi'@ !:
•\ : (a)~ 3l1Tli miffl (Gradeofsmice)
1Rg ~ 'lltl ~ ! I ~ lr<l>R 'ifi *-1 cliT delay system cffi) ! I
~o (b) ~ 'fTffit<mrT (Delay probability)
. ~~1flTf~=lfGrnt/q;q;-mJ'f!O~
-~ (c) ~ J/ffitrn (.'>w!tchi11g ujJlce) (201'j .
 ;;
1i.-tltc-o=mm=u=n1;:::ca::;:Jio::-n&[Link]:: . ,:; ;, c:; ;hi; :;1111:-;_;N,,,.,:;;o;;,,k,;).....---
-:JI
--.,.------------~EW Ol~!!!J,:_1

'UL
(ll/Yen r) ~ ' 1 ' f f l £1.
¢ - - ; ) m ~ ~ ~ z~<!fq;i24"f.l?
~~ ,'j ~ TJm t
11~~ r.t"-1,r, ~~;;TT<ll~
~1i1 ,_
GOS _ No. of call use:
No. of call offered
8-D-process
).._ .,. o.~.,.o
:lol
~
;;im

~=~~~~m
A = ~i"ffi'ttl"t>;

7.~cftm-~~#.R"lf; l~~•RIII
-•

GOS= A -Ao = traffic last Renewal

A traffic offered process Z 31om;!<Pl3ijtITT!Mt~ .
flk=O Period foe- which server occupied
o , , 1 ,o 13
~aifq;~qjJ~~"ITT"IT· I
- . . olday Ao = Toeal period of ot,senatioo
(b) fit.;A Jfflhi;ar (Dday Probability) ~ ~ ~ "f.l? ,'j ~ 12.00- 14.00'ti"e 1'i ~
~ JIUll;;ft il ~ :RT llGR ~ u!T-l ma~- ~ti
8) ~-~ 't; ~ il i3clA' ~ ! 1iifil ~ :RT ll<l:R lfAS - /5ffl'ii~J'1if~J'1lfP ltSM~
- ~ ~ c l ; - ~ ~ cffelcl t-
~Jfil;<li ~
~uJR~~- ~~<fwlq;"~vmrrtm~ lit-I 3- (l) T;<li fctcR w,m;ft ."<5 ~ ~ , if [Link]~~ 1ll'ffl" 'ftrmfl Jflfflf ~ ~ ~ -1t
[Link](BH)- M ~<lilWlRIR 60fiRcm I~
~ ~ mijf@J ~ ~ ~ ~ c/iffi"< (queue) lf ffi (Write t!,[Link] of a delay system.)
fl qg Wl<l" ~~~~mi t. clffil tic! (BH) 7ff1AT~I bt
~ t I~ JliliR ~~"IT~~ llGR fcm .v(R (Ii) T;<li ~ JTUmeft 10,000 ~ ~ ~ ~ t I ~ (In a group of I 5 SUffTJ, ad is r,ca,pW for JI """"1a M
~t1~~~~c1mffl< ffi1~~~ obllrPation inJu,,al oftwo llorm.. CIiia• di~ lff/lk unW "1
ma ~"If;~ (delay)i;T"T ~ llffef<lrnT ~ llffef<lrnT (Delay ffe;cl> ·ffnrnT 0./ E efct ~ tJ ~ ffe;cl> 11 ~ W $~~"fi~~m!'1; clltl ~ 131
th~group.}
probability) iffilffit t I cruft Jmff t 3/tv ~ 3/tvm ffe;cl> ~ 50% W~ ~ t, i!} M -~~llx~~1'i<lffilti cJ 10.30~
(c) ~ atJfit;w (Switching Office) JTT111R~fR"q./TifllTcl~? IJJOAMOCP"ITTcllt ~ ~ ~ ~ lf ~ 6~ 7PMc111i ~~
6lcl ~ "If; mR ~ ~ ~ 3l2fcfT ~ ~ (A switc!,i11g system serves 10,000 subscribers wit!, a traffic mm;mt, ~-~lifa~ = "J<"lwiti
lR ~ ffi ~ ffl1T "IT cfi \ilR cm;fi ~ ~ . i11te11sity of. 0.1 E per. tltere is a sudd~11 '
spu_ ! the
"If; s ubscriber. Jf i~ 2- Peak Busy Hour (PBH)- PBH ~ q>Jq;'wm t-~ ~
afffirniffil@tt1 ~m lrcPR ~ mcfi !-lJfi!!.JR ~ ~, traffic, increasing tlte average traffic by 50%, what is the effect. on q;r ~~ire!! t I~~-~ intmm mm.t I =~=0.25£
2x60
tlte arrival rote?) · ' \i0141
~ q;FJ il ~ ~ \ilR cm;fi ~ ~ cf, ~ 3.-TimeConsistentBusyHou~(ICBH)-~.I ~<Iii 3iffilcl Wl ffll ~ 11lll ~ = ISx0.25
31Tffll'i9te~!i3!o: ft~~~~~IR3lffiFft '3ffl- ( i ) ~ ~ ~ '3"~ f.'19 t- .
~~uWlliilHlil>ffitJ~lJ fi!!.JR~~~t~~
* ufl~Wl<lm~e~3!Tlfl'F l mr!>'@~~ =3.75E
I.~~ "ITTiffiTCBH~!I
~~~~~~~~~~ 2 ~icl~ 4. Call Completion Rate (CCR)-~ ~ "Will~ ~ 11'1 [Link]:f tR ~ ~ ~
i, 3. ~(inventory)~ m~attempt~ <lil 3!:f!@"Mlt ,-~~cZ!cffi~t- (Wrik sllon 11ota on :)
JIRm (M~kov Process)-~ ~ m-ml cflT
ijffl-(i!) 1l'PlmJ tr,k-~ - 4. (i) lJ1<6Ti1 J1titxlJ (MUUY Pr«as)
CCR = No. of success the calls
~ ~ t -~ ~ ~ jUf ~ t I lll1PI ~ if iifil <liTR y~ ~~ No. of call attempt (u) uft_Jn.~. if'l1 ~ imwar
aia moT t ~ loss system m 't ~~~ii <lifR um-}'tii) ~ ~ i i ~-~ = 10,000 (GOS m Wodirf ,,.W,,,,.J
~ •'~ i ~ ~ i h ~ t ~ . ' CCR <I BHCA f.19 lrcPR ~ mff !-
~ ~ifmol=[Link]~ .,
-''·°' - C ff~tn +l)=x•• }/{;(t )=x ,x(t
1 0 0 0
-{ 3@":~ (Active)~~ ~ /c·cR 3trno~~~'lm1, .rffl-{i) 1!lffl lift (Mar\ov ~>-~ 2(n) <li1 \!ffl' ti I

·=[x.-i ···x(t1) = x1}J

(0 mi!Rl"~fi=I000 '3ffl-(u) R 31"5 ldihl (Grade ofScmcc)-ffl l(i)(a) ifjJ m
5. Busy Hour Calling Rate (BH~)-<IB ~ [Link]«f ~ "il ~I
fu) ~~~ll=JS00
=l'[{x(t•• ,) = x•• rJl(x(t.) = Xa}J llfcr~&Rl~~~-~ ~t,l!RT~~ ~ ~- ~ ~ ~ tWNn-$
~~~*~~~~
.'ul¢t1 <ti< .., <t0 <t0 ; 1 ~ xi~~l!A"cfll i ~
th ~ ~ 5000 i31l'lTT<lffi 6000 cliIB_~ <lml t m~ ~ ~OO«ffilmtr~N1 '~A~ffl111
·(i) milRT ~ 1l = 9000
(6000/5000) = 1.2 M\ I 3@: ~vll~l~~1''fl1Ri'l~11 1ffl-l1111.t8
l!A" M<n ! I 00 ~ ~ ~ 1 1 = 8500 .....---------,
I. Loss System-~ th i f ~ GR!~~ carryfcl;m BHCR = Average busy hour calls ~t$ftR~~~t ~~•[Link]
31o· 3ITTJ1R ~ fj ~ =~x l00 = 5.6%
~ t fcl; GOS'ffi ~ cliPUtR t lffg 3PRllfl lllfttlfRII ~
t
uflffl I~~ ~ G R ! ~ if 3f1t1R cflT ~ ~ . 9000 Total no. of subscribers
~~~3RmoT!fumJ"l ~~~mvi@l tJ
Rr.J4-~tfiRr~w.m ri~~,1~,
"GIBi ~ w:m i) 3trno <litq =BHCA
CCR X m ~ ffiPtl\ ~ t I {fllliPIR fflJ ~ "fflll t I
~ -~~~,fflf ~vi@l!J ~-~ w:ni (Holding Time)- ~ ~ <li1 ~ w:m
(Wliol do you understand by network traffic food? Explain_.)
~t ~ u~ ~ ~ ~ ~ cfifi <1m1 ~ m ii Jl"A , - - . " '... ~ "'win 2""" .,,,
. ~ ~·~~cfll-~GRT3IT !Rcfll~ . . (2013,07] irt:
~shitNleMBl>N.) Polf."-
iiflRir t viii Wffil <flf.@ ~ ~ I 3Rl" ~ ij ~ 1!i'ffi lfil
• .ift ~ milt i, ~ ~ affq;wrn ct; elf if mcft i,
-~ ~
~
fitfiA ;tro,r ~ ~ ~-~ f? ~ 11it ~ ~ ·-llTll: ~w:m ~ I~~ CCS(CallSecond t ~-JSDN (latesrated SerYlca Dfiltal [Link]
PerHour)'fl , f t ~ q;m t I nc:twortt
.,2~
I
~ff-~~~~
-
GOS=~AAo/

&'m
·
~~
' .

·[Link] vi@!
~I ,• h
(Whal are the different network traffic parameters? Define eac
' of~e_m.) (~0061
I ': ~ ~II·e _=-
-rl-an_!S_=_36_ccs
~ ~ pvic:es ~ ffl e - WR.
-~<ll)~'flt,li~ffll~fti tn11t11~~ ~tr
_ cs
36_00 60- cm--,!
_=-_
integrated digital
pa1""
fuRl1l lP!Pf cligilalswiecha

"'-- ..
~'-~-*~~ ~ ~ cf>t ~ 3ifQR q,'t~ ·i I_
 ~,~~-;_ ,
""i4TrI~~----,:-:---------- -,- -,_ __
-- · - - ~ ~
~- - - - -- - --
~ '.,rrfil&3IT!ffi:
wnrks\--------, ,zrv•ces ,;l ~' '.fYl "1i•11
i_ Tefecommuni;otion&Switcl1i11,:Net .,_ ~ Servic e Chara c ter isa tion - 1'.>U>.
,f:!J!..'!...':!':.:J.!!!f'.!!_~, _ ·1, • " . .
iD,'1xl g3ll ~3il"~ ·.-·: . . . . ->- "
·-office 1ransm1ss1on system ., yixq
1<1<1
• , . ~:~~': -: ';~-:. ;!c'.i~,,\ f._fJi~cnl
1
~ ~te iephony
, · ·. 4 1
[Link] mmages iJ:T s,l) f<p
<II fR)"'fur, \.
messeng~J .' •_·ieletex c;, &RT .oftice-to Ti "il"lcl 1Tm t-
~'>i [Link] (()F f ,>- ~ •' na·-1,~~ndd1
·01·1a1 qi !,f{; f<rrfu ~ . g.·.,'~ · ~ 'Im t I · Bearer Servic es
.?,) ,rci; ". ~ , : :• i'\ .,e.f'1 Kcs . samet
_ errn mal tr,, ~ T;;,,,._ •• lfi< . . sors
J.
~- ;,rm
ct; iiRJ electroh1c type wnters, word
proces \;cl
H
'~ " '' ~ ,
-~' .. . ii,,, ffi'I ,;~_. ba_ ,_·ic
&T,1 >T"c:<1 ,crvicestf voic: mi il ~ cn' r · d' · · I --'- .. . -,,,u ·l~ Sbecrvar:~e:,.,. tc/e se rvicc,$ 1 func:.iona_L
Teletex
" ~ gI _.,,,
.. •

conn_e.:t_~•,t__v. _-'f•, r;-,}~1rle~i-l'lfl_.,l -~ I ISDN " ~ ~1rctT<m 1c mail, "' rn ivioua s '!l me11 bo~ ;,,,
rn · • 1 · "'..,.,.._
' " , RI;
es. : rsonalcomputers* llUI <flf) =
tt ~ "
=- =_ =- ~
=....,.,.
2
"',.,, .,,
es<lil~i'IR ~ ;:,j] '<i<f>ffi ~3;7< ~
~-,,.., fun ctmna tt1es
I
'no~.,. •~- "•' ,,;s:t :: ii <'11'1•:'l ':' I ~Tx deltvP, r ,, . ;?JJ ;;,rr;,n 6 / V
i'll-c-.. .. pe D ·
ta·b A ,
~1 v1•s•v•. ·" " ':' """ ~, _.,,,......,~ . servic
ii; Dcvelo pmem c/'; ~-?.->,
.
<ili= 'TT-i'm ffi <l qil! = -'.-.. . . 3 ase ,ccess y service s ffl g I
Mo_rivat>on .fr. r ISB!'i ---_ l'> ON Electron,~mai ltelex W I '< <'1'1 ''Iii
Held.<!\'I ~ ~ <!\'I WR q;)
supplementar
,publ_ished M ~ g.3lR ~ '1ft
'll'l• 5. ~ ~ ,~--
~ rm i\"n·.·. . ~c!or,, ,TT'fxc'J@, ~
r, I 1 .
I ~ ~ electronic data base
~~ cl\'\
I f<a{a) ; -gr,rr ~ ~ "ij@' 6
,.., , ,, _ ,
~ '- ; · .

r- -
iSON SeNices
configu ration <liT GW<IT 7i<1J t; u
_ ery-ct; 1'JTEZ r{"f!M ·_
L Socio logical or societal neerls. _., ,'l ttr;i .'j- email system cl'<6 6 ~~~ suit able sear
chq
Econo mic necessities. gura tton ~~~ tl~( b)"t f~~ 61 it;
particul,!r topic <!\'I ~ ~ q;'\·
onfi ilR .< 'fclicTT ffiITT
2 'l'em a1[c l!T'{I
system "fl~ 7J<ll t I~ (c) ~
Te!eSe: v,ces
3. Techonological developments, personal com_puters q;) mail transfer _esivn ft!,~ -tj\ -.,r-..r-q_ Bear er~
q;'r support i'!Rfil t ~ ~- ~ -q SOOO_"flv'ITTGJ d_atabas
New Services·-IS DN q;t :.ervices il ~ ~ ~ 'Im ti Scienc ~,Scie n~~Te chnology,
~r ~ ~ services'fi ~ l.;q> workst attoncl l.;q>
~~~ .:_H ~iti e~, Social
existin g voice l[<i d:itas ervic escfi , Basic Bearer Services
-- - · ml g I . _ · ·
Engin eerin g~-~ W\-~
. . <llt'1<'1 ~ BasicT~ Basic •Supplementary
· ·. · Baticllea'er entary Teieser,;ces ServiceS
~I 5eMC'
• ·Supplem
s $7 short list f.l'i.r wiR t- Services
'hcg !f~ oew servie
J. YJdeotex. . fm.-lS DN Service Categories
2. Electronic mail. ·
1i 40 ~ 'i1i1M q;}_
3. Digita l facsimile ~ 8-l;if i 10 fiRc ~ rritefllT ~
~ t ffi ~ 3 "
4. Teletex. ~ ~ f I 'if;'@l ~ ~ ~ 4800
Databast access . ~ ~ ~ 1Tf1T"lT
llR1 ;;m;,_lfjJ ~ 1117 'f;<T 3ftwn
5.
6.
7.
Electronic fund transfe r.
Image and graph ics i:x;;hange. I~ ' ~,a
(Over 10 ,njnute ober..enation
interval, 40 subscribers. m1trate
...
8.
9.
Document ~toroge and transfer.
Automatic alarm S(:;Vices, e.g. smoke
JO. Audfo a~d video conferencing
.
. fire, police, and medical.
· · · •- · ®~ calls. Total duration of calls is 4800
ojfere d .. ,o -the· net..•or-k by tire
seconds. Calculate tire load
subscribers and tire averag8e
: 1200 1
fc:IT! {[en generic tenn t- subscriber traffic.)
Video tu~ Videotex ~ systems cf; (c) v-k>rk station mini computer
configuration 00 = Database OBH = Dalallase host
computer based services
'iIT ~ 'Jt:!ITTT ~ me,/ l..'<T '1i"ir ~ <lll.
ation
ion
f.r;r-EmaiT system contigurat_ r,a·- Electr onic access of inform
t 'f.r..l g_ ·· e of ISDN-ISDN "iffi' 'ijff i-~. Jmt - N=40
t/TT ~<Vr! <iRoT I videotex cf; ifA WcnR MTA = 11:lessage Transfer Agent Network and P~otocol Archlt~ctur
segregated architecture f.r9' ~
(a) -Viewdata UA = User Agent iTiffi ! I No. of subscnoer
(b) Te!ereJ:! matter <!il ~ ~ Mean arrival rate G Observation integral
Facsim ile-t:i;ftiP1R qj" &Tfl printed
(c) · Open ct [Link] teltate1!;1 ~-ffll graphics, drawin gs, pictures,
t
Elettn mk Mi!il - UE ~ ~ 'fl e_
mai! ci, ~ t v!RT i3fRli l'MrcJ.' ~m,, vfl Wfiffi
textual messages q,r 1 G=~ = 2 calls/ min •·
•t I ~ [Link] >11Ufl'f ·q'; EiRT han d~: xtr1 il°lf i~v fl~.t 20
comrmmicatlon (am:R-lRR)
I .mm t fm:cq ~ qiT i- en mm
'lfi electronic M ~ t ~-
1. .,.. Phot~graphic Facsimile
Mean holding time
Telex communicalion <lft •
Total duration of calf
GT-lH <fil 3J~HTIH I 2 Document Facsimile
al-to-tenninal M I t information r1il ~ No. of subscriber
Telex communication qft ~ tennin Photographic facsimiie ll gray level
<nff electro nic mail communication user-to
-user iTiffi I
~t
t
~ black ~whi tecti ~prin tc!R'
a'!1~ qi 3-m )6gray ;ntegrated
q,ffl]'"t ~ email l;ifi ' levels ~ I ~ document facsimile system cfiqc, biack ~
· access· 4800/ 60
2 Telex circuit switched mode tR ffi t tn = - 4-0-
store ar.d forw!ll'd service I t ;hite levels ift hand le~ I rm t Segratednel'Ml<I<
Electronic mail l;ifi computer based
messaging-system cnff t
Photographic facsimile system, docum
ent facsimile system
(a) Segregated Art:Mect..-e /•• = 2 min /call)
<l'il integrated architecture ~ 1ft
3.
telex fflll'RT<:PTT ~ ~ anmfw fm:cq
~ I t
<ifta ;.)an amlc l,~g, Segregated architecture 1
Individual [Link] Offeredtraffic (A) = G x 11
mailboxes ;
lnputd<lOJment
repl ace~ ui-r ~tl =2 x2=4E
Single common A
Average subscriber traffic = N
Netwo<tcmai networlc
manager
Integrated
Localmau
sylllm I lntegratednetwon< acx:ess =_±_=0.1E ~
Tem,i,oll
~ub~
Corrmunlcation
Subsystem ,;y..:.- Integrat ed
access
40 boo
Recefver' (b) Integrat ed Ardlitecture
Transaitter
l;i'ti upgrade version g I
/ \ / - - -· . TeleteJ1-Teletex, telex s~rvice q,r fw.;r-lSDN Arthitecturc
u- u~ication .servic e cm
uw
nic mail system _ · ~ telex <ift "tenninal-to~tenninal'; comm
~-A typical configuratiorl of electro
 [Link] 27 _.
Te/ecomm1111/catio11 & Switching Nerwork:.
PSlN(P.;! it ;g]cf ~ 7$ ~ v o i c e ~ ~ ~ ~ (v)~ ~ /v1F1'13lftrllll'l'l11re1 Ml<f'i~
te ~ 411 ~ (i<JMbps <RI te SOO Kbps ll 10
3. 1 km~ ~ ~ i?mf g I ~ ;g]cf ~ q;i 3!j'IT"! Nyqvist i:r1f!I I OOMbps ,!I gigabn
p<r!IW)fld~~li M'J ! I Mbps ?Ar ~ gnft tI
~ <'171Tm v!! "'1>al %vtTmntmi~if~Mt1 lvt) "'AN -ii bus llll'I ~..,) WAN <I -.r<(II QI
(vi) LAN-ii 'jll!lll bus,

lfd'M'{of -lc:.[Link]' qi{ ~ fctcmJ1

{BRIEF. ID~ OF I~RTM{T ~~oRKs)
IS -;;:Jx:.: .
~ R=~ ~ ~
JR = 2H loB 2V bps

H = $ronl'I ~ ,ft~rf
V=~"Jlml~mJ
I ri ng nm star topology ,,;i nngtop01ogyil51
~~vlllllll ~;;nmtt

(vi,)LAN<lu ir,irrJ cable (vitJMAN~ ~

T.V. lfl'll -ii ~ ll
'3'ltlFT lfl'll"" ~ ~
topology~llmri"'ltt
~
(vii)WANil51 ~
Telephone -ii ~ 1ilRII llllmlel ~ <I
;;mntt

fll;lirumrr !1 !1 ~urnnt,
• •• . -· ,{ .. ':c""'1ii'. ,.. , ' 1.~... . : ~~ , ... _ -· .. ~-.,.;,, · ~ ..~tt-t· lfA 2- LAN ~ 1/'fr{ <:) ~ f[fi ef.t-zn ~ I
(Wr~e any two a:~a_n~ages a11d disadva11la~es LAN.) of 120141

~ -::-LAN-ct~ &fl~ mf.1- f.19 ~ t-

~ (Advaniages)
□ ~·~(~A~Network) . . ,.: , : ,, Me~p?Jit-a~Ar~ N£[Link]~).
-~ -~ (i) : ~ ~-~ ~ ~ ~ a T T. [Link];l{~-q
~ fflJIR@': WI (LAN).~ t I LAN "it mm
G1 ~ amlil, t I~ WJRIB: 'MAN'~
-i$ ~ (LAN)wT t'i ~ ~ ~ fcl,m v!T <'flm!T I t
~ c ( ; l ! D l c 1 R m ~ , t ; ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - i1~LAN<ITT .t'ifflf.l;mul@Jt f~3Rfllo~~. (ii) ~~ ifct ~ 6R13R1~~ q\'t ~ (peripheral
3llffl'iliffl!!1-i$~1'1'it~tub~~~ ~ ~ 3lTtffi -ir ~ m 3Rl lJ1'c2l1'IT ct; 6RT ~>tffi -mlt devices)~- ftRx c/iT ~ fclulT vfT 'ITT!ioT I t
~ ;·<1!9~q<li~<Pl~~i, i I ~ aR( ~ cf ~ Gf'll <ITT ~ ~ t I . (iii) ~mRUT-~1TTff3!ll!ITTpcl~mcl'lt1
wr ~-w <liT ~ ~ l!fri~ mm
i I"!$~~ □ ~ ea ~ ~ (Public Switch Telephone -~ mf.1- (Disadvantages)
ct;~[Link]~.lfGRq;ffiltf Network) . , A-..!-... _..,_ = (i) ~1;cp~ ~ B~fclulrvf!~1t1
i
~ ~ ~ ( W i d e Area Network)
~ .!WT: PSTN ffl i I PSTN J'i ~ 1'1'11vl Cf) l<'1~ (iJ) .~ ~ < P l ~ m "$~~~an (security)
~ ~ 'WAN'fflt I ~ 6RT ~ . V?ice m ~
~ ~ ~ cnT ~ fcl,m v!TaT I PSTN "li ~ ~ cfi ~ t -~~mcftt, · Ra : Elements or gcnaic J
~ c5'r ~ ~ ocli ~ fcl;m ul@J t_ , ~ ~ ~ ~vQice ffl ~ ~ ~ 3.1 km~~~ mffi ~ I
LocalArcaNe~n:
~ lJfft WI~~ mcitt,
. ~ ~ ~ q;'r f.i9 ~ ~ ~ c/iHl'Ptf t- · ~ 3- LAN, MAN om WAN 11 JfflV ~ I ~ :MAN ~ : WAN
(Differe11tiate betwee11 LAN, MAN and WAN.) 120141
· 'WAN'"qllJlT: ~~<6llf~~uJ@'tt1M~-qx IR = 2H log 2 Vbpsl JlT-1' 4 - ~ ;f WAN<lfT ~ ~ I
~
~~itiG)m~~ti~~<l>Rcfi -~ "G!5i R =~ ~ ~ (Briefly describe WA.N.)
WAN<51 ffi ~~ t I '
~-\',~- f[fi{!lr.i;r.~#JRi?~/ f201.3,06f
H~~cJi~~- (Write tl,e difference befHleen LAN a11d MAN.) (2008( . mR-WAN (Wide Area Network)-~ f l ~ (WAN)~
' •
;'
~=,,~'.~;."':==~~=-=~-=====~==- data, voi!%, imagem ~ ~ <M ~ ~ ac5 ~ fcmn
r.aqq1~~~ . , .
' - {:;\'t. ·
(i).~ -(;ocal Arca ·
ii1'; -~
, . --~:t~M.m ~.lll~~"rphmur~:wAN
. ·-,--~~-~~~--,-'--...._,..__' ,-,,
,---..··,,..,,,,,-
~ ~~t-11)iffi1r~
(i) 1ll1. Metrowlitan Area· (ij 1lE Wideruea
~~
.~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ,
-~ ~ c l ; ~ ~ f.?.f JiITTutJ-
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 1l)'
·
~ ~ W~
(Wrlteshqrt not~ on PSTN.) 11013, 081
Network lim: [Link] ffil Ti Network~~ iliT
Single Office, building l1! ij;<R (Cover) 11iNi
Networi(
ffil", ufT 11i1i ~ . ~
I.
~ ffi *~I
~~1l!~<lij~~(ac:ces,)~ .
Campus<iftdevil'CSiliT ..mlivl@Ttl~ ~ilil~ 2
Jlfffl .. ~ti ~LANi!il~,ft-~vl@Ttl <IR<IRJ I
-itfn ii PSTN J1J11ff m J'l ~ ~ WifR -~ iffl lfl1f;r ..mliuIT<f<!;lflt f .

~J ' (ii) LAN iliT <TT PC's. (ii) MAN"t mi ~ (ii) WAN~. J. ~ ~ ~ (acx:essj m tg I
(Explain a dalJI conu,11111/catlon schtmt wing modtms and ~1/q,Printer*ill<li! ,ltlfit!;fi.t; LAN lcascdmf.l;;ft ~~l}~~~W~ifflfmlRlT!l:fW
PSTNJ 120141 ~ i!R '!!9. tm, . Network iliT vllm urr communication ~ ~ ~ m ~ ~ ~ ~ (host)W ~ ~ ~
~ ml i I WANlf ~ Jl ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

:::~~
~ -¥>FIT Ti~ <lilim i I "<!ft~~
\UR-~ ~ ~ ~ (PSTN)-PSTN -q' <IRcffR 'l~m;H, ~i, ~~~fl
(iii) LAN <!ft Range <!i9 (iii) MAN lilt Range~ (iii) WAN ~ R111ge ~
[Link]$~~3t!ipm~~~<lilm~
~ <llli ~ ~~~~ ~ 'R Ti Wlll >1!<lf
ul@J t 1~ ~ 2 c1R m4 c1R ~ ifl ~ ~nrc,rn.!, ~ti ~mifl t 1 nmllll!lUJ
~-qimf:~~~~pwnfltul'r~ jiv) LAN -t mi Pc"onal (iv) MAN "it. lITTI 1li{ (iv) WAN i151 ~
3Jli~il~.wnflt,~<fi'r~~~ l!>mputer m workstation LAN 's111'1 ~ ~ 11111: cnl<lpri9c,nawort
&RT~ frl;m ul@Jt ul'r c1if.R;J m ~ -$"N ~ ~ * ~ resources share 1111 Comp3f1Y ~ ra0lllt'CS • ~ ,1j ~ ~ •
~~v1Tmsmt1 lll'lsharc~~mimtr
~~ t1 ~[Link] PSTN&RT~-~ ~ 7llU t1 ff1
lb-WAN...,.
 m
fmf-tt ~~
~ A Up stnlam
3. R"T ~ - : - ~-c onse cuti ve~. point ~1>9i
nt f8q;.
~-~'. ~ qTT_-f¥ fiul -~ .t
Head
end
. ·6Rf ¥ ~ -iu?r.~ -~ -~ I

Bus B D'.>wn stream .-lrol' oil~ ...__ ~ ~ ta·trck ct;~ -q zcP ~ -~ ~ ~ -~ ~

ig~
>~~ ~ t·· ~ -~ ~- ~ ~ c f m _1.1c ti1ti 14c
MAN ,c fiJT lWT mxT ~cT 3TT cfTG iMif tmcf
~uTT t1<P< l ~ l ~ ~ a r m - r ~ ~
T V ~ ~-TV · mc)t 1
~ q,J ~ ir~ ~'1 flrn ti~ ~<1>m m
-
f om -~ ~ ffiir ~ mm
i ff2TT Wi11f ~ ci;
~M
~ ~ Lf
~ -< T T ~ ~ ~ -fcR1rtiffi'IT~I
· ~1AN ir head end '{cI> ~if14)'"'5'1 cb'1' m ~ qRqT· ~ vIT
~ ~ ~ do~n strea~'~ *
~ up stre am~ q,1
1MrcR rR ~ ~ ~ cf,'IBT I ~ 'fflfi ~
-r,: t
~ tR ~ ~ 5 o2TT down stream
upstrc::i
tR JIB'lTf m ,. E B
~~ i I ·'lffi ~ broadcast ~ -~ I . ,/ ffi- ~ ~ . .
.$ ~ $ ~ ~d~Ri 11<t> ~ -~W j<ff l •~ -~ I
4.~ dc6 4ht >-'~ ~ -ll~~ -qq ;-tr .~ ~-:¥.
~ W'1$11,t:J ent LAN • :mcl ~ I ~ -'ffis qjl ~ ~ m ~
0

cm;c) t tn ~ ~ lf.<ffifm.
(With the help of suitable diagrams, explain differ
--'ffis -~ ifi ~ m ~ ·Wffi .-g) ~
(2008) 7Jm ~ 1 ~ ~
:t -~
topologies.)
~itJ½lfe,, ~ ·cfi ~ twisted pair, ~e:r ~ m 31lcilct>ct
~ ~r m ~
'3ffi'-LAN d<ri<4JGfl-LANll <TT m -
m
~~ -g m~ I viii "~ q;r ~~~ -ff~ IDffi
~ ~~vll~~- tm ~~ ~~ m or i,
1. <rn cl 4'1cl'i "71 2. Tree c'i4'1ct1v?1
Telephone
3. ftrT c1Q)cl'lvfl 4. RR c)41cllvfl
s. ~ cf Im cW1ct1v?1
I, lffl e.'lcllc!Ml ~ ~ ~ 6@"T t" d°2IT ~ ~
~M ~
~ ~ ~ ~ lf!Ufq WWT tf [Link] vTTffi t I iffi -q fllffif ~
~ ~ ~c'<ctiffi 11 ~ fl ¥, me) ~ fvr-t ~ qi1ffi ~ / COfTl)uter

RR ~- q ~ ~. ~ -11 ~ ~ q;r ~
' ·
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