Verandah Design

Assessment 1: Part B

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Course: UO Building Surveying

Course Code: CIVE 3015
Study Period: SP3 2025

Online Course Facilitator: Dr Danda Li

Online Tutors: Mr Tom Warneke
Dr Li Luo
Dr Muni Rami Reddy Rasappagari
Contents

Contents................................................................................................................................... 1
List of Tables.............................................................................................................................2
List of Figures........................................................................................................................... 3
1.0 Introduction....................................................................................................................... 4
2.0 Structural member design..................................................................................................5
2.1 Verandah posts...............................................................................................................5
2.2 Verandah Beams............................................................................................................ 5
2.3 Rafters............................................................................................................................ 5
2.4 Purlins.............................................................................................................................5
2.5 Other members (if any)..................................................................................................5
3.0 Verandah Design Drawings............................................................................................7
3.1 One site plan.................................................................................................................. 7
3.2 Minimum One structural plan/plans showing all members...........................................7
3.3 Minimum (2) elevations (2 or more) showing all members............................................7
3.4 Sections detailing connections and footings..................................................................7
4.0 Specification Details...................................................................................................... 8
5.0 Conclusions................................................................................................................... 9
6.0 References...................................................................................................................10
Appendices.............................................................................................................................11

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List of Tables

Table 1 (Veranda post sizes and size capacity)………………………..……….…………………………………5

Table 2 (Veranda beam sizes and maximum spans).…………………….………………………………………6
Table 3 (Rafter sizes and maximum spans)………………………..……..……….…………………………………6
Table 4 (Purlin sizes and recommended spacing)………………………..…….…………………………………7

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List of Figures
Figure 1 Structural plan)………………………………………………………………………………………………………8
Figure 2 (Elevation A)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………8
Figure 3 (Elevation B)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………9
Figure 4 (Section and Specification)………………………………………………………………………………………9

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1.0 Introduction
This report focuses on creating an architecturally enhanced functional veranda for a single-
storey home while adding sheltered exterior areas to the building. This report features
detailed drawings for architecture and structures together with a veranda floor plan and
two elevations and one sectional view that shows connection details. The report includes all
necessary specifications and residential-friendly construction methods. The design process
requires the creation of a sound veranda framework which meets standard building
requirements and shows harmony with the existing house.
Related information about the residential property includes its location on Lot 938 with 512
square metres of total area and 16.0 m by 32.0 m rectangular site footprint. The house
occupants have chosen a modern single-story design. The building incorporates brick veneer
cladding with its 22.5-degree low-pitched concrete tiled roof as elements that form its
suburban appeal. The architecture utilizes selective face brickwork and aluminium frame
windows together with a 450 mm roof extension which corresponds with present-day
Australian residential style guidelines. The planned additional veranda becomes a part of
the side elevation structure while making a continuous connection between new and
existing buildings. The purpose of veranda design in this context lies in providing protection
from the sun and establishing an energy-saving system to create a seamless transition
between indoor and outdoor spaces that boosts both usability and liveability of the house.
Residential architecture today benefits from using such methods which integrate passive
cooling features while enabling spatial adjustments alongside indoor-outdoor spatial
connections (Garde, 2016). Australian housing commonly includes verandas because they
bring cultural importance as well as practical and climatic advantages to properties (Stewart,
2020). This assessment of the proposed veranda will evaluate it extensively from design and
building perspectives to create an architecture that enhances its context.

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2.0 Structural member design
The selection of member choice regarding posts, beams, rafters and purlins determines the
structural framework of the veranda. Design standards AS 1684.2 serve as the basis for
selecting timber members in structures. The following assumptions serve as the foundation
of the design work:

 Timber type: Seasoned F17 hardwood

 Wind classification: N2 (non-cyclonic suburban area)
 Roof load width (RLW): ≤ 3000 mm
 Roof type: Metal roof sheeting
 Roof pitch: 22.5°
 Spacing of rafters: 600 mm
 Dead load: 0.25 kPa
 Live load: 0.25 kPa (verandah roof)

2.1 Verandah posts

The vertical posts supporting the veranda sit 3000 mm apart from each other. The vertical
posts distribute two specific loads: veranda beam weight as well as roof weight above.
Under wind classification N2 the span tables of AS 1684.2 specify that 90 mm × 90 mm F17
hardwood supports the axial loads from the roof and beams as per an unbraced height
below 2400 mm.
Design Parameters:
 Unbraced length = 2400 mm
 The beam load transfer to each vertical post reaches between 2.5 to 3.0 kN.
 The chosen 90 mm × 90 mm F17 hardwood post will handle the required load as a
member selected for this application.

Table 1. Verandah post sizes and size capacity

2.2 Verandah Beams

According to design specifications the posts (3000 mm max) support beams which carry
rafters positioned at 600 mm intervals. The appropriate beam size came from AS 1684.2 for
F17 hardwood by referring to span tables for roof loads up to 3000 mm width.

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Design Parameters:
 Span = 3000 mm
 Spacing of rafters = 600 mm
 The dimensions of roof load width measure 3000 mm.
 Selected member = 190 mm × 45 mm F17 hardwood beam.

The strength and deflection requirements of a 3000 mm span with RLW ≤ 3000 mm can be
satisfied by a 190×45 mm F17 hardwood beam as per Table H2 in AS 1684.2.
Table 2. Veranda beam sizes and maximum spans

2.3 Rafters
The roof rafters extend a distance of 2500 mm from the wall of the building while
maintained on 600 mm centers between one another. The roofing sheets together with
purlins rest upon the rafters. Based on AS 1684.2 span tables the F17 hardwood rafter needs
to be sized 140 mm × 35 mm to meet the requirements.
Design Parameters:
 Span = 2500 mm
 Spacing = 600 mm
 Roof type = Metal sheeting
 Selected member = 140 mm × 35 mm F17 hardwood rafter
The particular rafter from AS 1684.2 Table R2 achieves spans of up to 2700 mm according to
the loading parameters which makes the selection suitable.
Table 3. Rafter sizes and maximum spans

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2.4 Purlins
The building structure includes Purlins which support metal roofing sheets by running
perpendicular to rafters with maximum 900 mm centres for distributing loads to rafters.
Design Parameters:
 Span between rafters = 600 mm
 Purlin spacing = 900 mm
 Roof sheeting = Corrugated metal
 Selected member = 90 mm × 35 mm F17 hardwood purlin
From the purlin tables in AS 1684.2 this member meets requirements for short spans
between rafters since it has sufficient stiffness to resist deflection from sheet weight loads.

Table 4. Purlin sizes and recommended spacing

2.5 Other members

 The attachment of gutters requires front rafter-end supporting fascia constructed
from treated pine measured at 190 mm × 30 mm.
 The structure depends on 90 mm × 35 mm noggings between rafters for blocking
which both stops wood rotation and ensures structural stability.
 The recommended fixations in AS 1684.2 direct all structural timber connections to
use either galvanised bolts, triple grips or joist hangers.

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3.0 Verandah Design Drawings

3.1 Minimum One structural plan/plans showing all members

Figure 1. Structural plan

3.2 Minimum (2) elevations (2 or more) showing all members

Figure 2. Elevation A

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Figure 3. Elevation B

3.3 Sections detailing connections and footings

Figure 4. Section and specification

The architectural drawings demonstrate how a residential building will receive a veranda
addition together with its construction specifics. A structural plan designs a 6000 mm x 5000
mm veranda shape where posts are positioned at corner and midpoint locations with 3000
mm spacing. The plan contains dashed lines to show the connection between posts through
roof bracing or beam layout that determines the veranda structure.

The document contains two elevations which show pictures from front and side
perspectives of the structure. Elevation D presents the building's side view where a 2.25°
sloped concrete tiled roof extends from the main structure by means of timber support
posts. The selected face brickwork wall stays visible on the back side of the veranda. An
overhead gable roof supported by two visible posts stretches across the front edge of the
veranda according to Elevation B. The position of this veranda matches the building façade
to demonstrate integration with doorways and windows found on the house wall. The
minor labelling mistake in this elevation may indicate what was planned to be a note about
roof or fascia components.

The sectional detail presents the architectural elements that comprise a cross-sectional
view. The rafters rest upon a horizontal beam that receives a flush contour-screw fixing from
the vertical post. The post has been inserted 220 mm deep into the footing for support and
efficient load distribution to the foundation. The presented connection method
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demonstrates conventional and stable timber usage. The drawings include a specification
box where all timber elements require exposed stain treatment for preserving their natural
texture and appearance. The project calls for metal sheets as the roofing material since they
demonstrate strong durability properties while allowing easy installation in veranda
structures. The comprehensive plans along with specifications establish complete directions
to construct a functional yet visually merged veranda.

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4.0 Specification Details
The chapter provides specifications for materials together with surface treatments and
therapeutic classifications and protective measures for weather elements in wooden
construction elements. MGP12 seasoned timber serves as the material for posts, beams,
rafters, and purlins since it delivers satisfactory structural capability for residential verandas
with proper treatment and protection methods.

4.1 Timber Finishes

External solvent-based coating with high-quality finish will cover all visible timber elements
such as posts, beams, rafters, and purlins to improve their protection against decay. The
chosen protective product which will be used is Intergrain UltraDeck or Cutek CD50 because
these oils soak deep into the timber to stop both moisture and UV radiation damage as well
as enable the wood to respire. The finish both stabilizes the timber dimensions and
preserves the hardwood appearance. The oil finish requires tearing along with wood
degreaser cleaning followed by two to three coating applications of the surface whereby
drying stages should span between 12 to 24 hours (Intergrain, 2023).

4.2 Hazard Class Selection and Preservative Treatment

Resulting from the criteria described in Table B.1 from AS 1684.2:2021 veranda structural
timbers need to be assigned to Hazard Class H3 when exposed to weather but not
positioned below ground. The H3 hazard class applies to timber that remains above ground
but faces average decay and insect threats especially in pergolas and verandas and deck
framing structures (Standards Australia, 2021).
The intended softwood MGP12 material must obtain its H3 hazard class certification
through application of either ACQ or LOSP preservative treatments. WoodSolutions (2022)
indicates that LOSP-treated wood is the better choice since it retains its shape better than
water-based treatments while offering both paintable and staining capabilities.

4.3 Protection from Weathering, Rot, and Decay

The use of proper measures will protect the material from environmental deterioration
before its expected lifespan ends. For durability:
 The design details for timber entail the creation of sloping surfaces and drainage
gaps while providing sufficient room for airflow to minimize the formation of water
traps.
 The maintenance staff will apply preservative end-sealers to all treated timber ends
after cutting or drilling for ensuring full protection remains intact.
 Post caps and beam flashings made of galvanized steel will control end grain water
flow by directing rainwater into specified directions.

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  The installation of 316 stainless steel screws together with hot-dip galvanized bolts
represents the fastener specifications that prevent reactions between treated
timbers.
 The maintenance strategy includes annual or demand-based re-oiling of timber areas
to deal with exposure conditions and careful examination for signs of breaking or
fungus stains or structural movement.
This method establishes safety requirements while maintaining visual attractiveness and
delivering total compliance with the AS 1684.2:2021 requirements for residential timber-
framed buildings.

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5.0 Conclusions
The veranda design provides a thorough strategy which unites structural framework
development with materials choice along with details and building techniques to produce
both practical performance and visual appeal for the specified residential area. The
designers employed standard tables alongside AS 1684.2:2021 principles to develop the
structure of posts, beams, rafters and purlins which meets Australian standards for external
timber structures and their expected service lifespan.
MGP12 seasoned timber stood as the primary design consideration because it offered
strength together with dimensional stability alongside compatibility with required above-
ground outdoor preservative treatments. The combination of H3 hazard class and LOSP or
ACQ treatment makes the veranda suitable for encountering moderate levels of moisture
deterioration and insect damage. The structure exhibits long-term performance through
protective design detailing as well as surface finishing with coatings that resist UV radiation
and water exposure and through the use of durable fixings.
The implementation process benefits from clear visual guidance in architectural and
technical drawings because they show structure plans and elevations with connection
sections included. Additional details for joint and laps and post-footing connections enhance
construction strength and safety measures. This report incorporates regular maintenance
schedules and specifies renewable and treated timber products in its lifecycle and
sustainability approach.
The designed veranda possesses structural stability while presenting visual harmony and
compatible features for Australian weather patterns. Practical technical standards combined
with detailed specifications lead to the creation of long-lasting high-quality exterior areas
capable of delivering comfort and practical value and enduring durability.

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6.0 References

Garde, A. (2016). Designing sustainable and livable cities. Routledge.

Intergrain. (2023). UltraDeck Timber Oil - Product Information. Retrieved from

[Link]

Standards Australia. (2021). AS 1684.2: Residential timber-framed construction – Non-

cyclonic areas. SAI Global.

Stewart, D. (2020). Australian architecture: A history of innovation and adaptation.

University of New South Wales Press.

WoodSolutions. (2022). Preservative Treatments for Timber. Retrieved from

[Link]

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Appendices

Appendix A: Load Calculations

Roof Load (in accordance with AS 1170.1)

Load Type Value (kPa)

Dead load (roof cladding + battens) 0.20
Live load (roof maintenance) 0.40
Total roof load 0.6

Appendix B: Post Load Calculations

Tributary area per post , A=RLW × post spacing
2
A=3.6 m× 2.4 m=8.64 m

2
Total vertical load on one post ,load =0.6 kPa× 8.64 m =5.18 kN

Appendix C: Beam BM Calculations

Uniformly distributed load , UDL=0.60 kPa× 3.6 m=2.16 kN /m
2 2
w L 2.16× 3
Maximum BM ( simply supported )= = =2.43 kNm
8 8

As per AS 1684 span tables, a 190 × 45 mm MGP12 beam spans up to 3.6 m with a 2.4m
RLW therefore OK.

Appendix D: Rafter Calculations

Rafter spacing=600 mm
Load per rafter =0.60 kPa ×0.6 m=0.36 kN /m
2 2
w L 0.36 ×3.6
BM = = =0.58 kNm
8 8

¿ the span table ,140 × 45 mm MGP12 spans 3 , 3 m

for similar loading conditions .

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