SHREE SWAMINARAYAN

PUBLIC SCHOOL

GANDHINAGAR

PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

ON
TESLA COIL

2025-26 (CLASS-XI)

SUBMITTED BY: VARMA KANISHK

ROLL NO:
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that VARMA KANISHK of class XI science has

prepared the investigatory project of Physics entitle TESLA COIL
from Various Sources during academic year 2025-26. He has
prepared the project under my guidance.

____________ ____________ ____________

Ext,Examiner PGT Physics Principal’s Sign
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I VARMA KANISHK would like to express my sincere

gratitude to my physics teacher Mrs Parina for her vital
support, guidance and encouragement without which this
project would not have come forth from my side. Special
thanks goes to my teacher who helped me a lot in completing
the project by giving interesting ideas, thoughts and made this
project accurate. I wish to thank my parents for their undivided
support and interest who inspired and encouraged me to go on
our way, without which I would be unable to complete my
project. And at last but by no mean the least I would like to
thank the almighty God who made all the things possible
 TOPIC

TESLA COIL
Introduction

The Tesla Coil is one of the most fascinating inventions of Nikola Tesla, who
was a Serbian-American inventor, electrical engineer, and physicist. Tesla
designed this device in the late 19th century to explore the possibilities of
wireless transmission of electricity. The Tesla Coil operates on the principle
of resonance and electromagnetic induction, producing very high voltages at
relatively low currents. It demonstrates how electrical energy can be
transferred without wires, a concept that was revolutionary for its time and
remains significant even today.

Nikola Tesla envisioned a world where electricity could be transmitted

wirelessly to homes and industries, eliminating the need for wires and
reducing energy loss. Though his vision could not be fully realized in his
lifetime, the Tesla Coil laid the foundation for many modern applications
such as radio transmission, wireless charging, and even medical
technologies like MRI scanners.

In this project, we aim to study the construction, working, and applications

of the Tesla Coil. We also attempt to construct a simple version of this device
to understand its practical working.
Objectives

The main objectives of this project are as follows:.

1. To understand the basic working principle of the Tesla Coil

2. To learn about resonance and electromagnetic induction.

3. To construct a small-scale model of a Tesla coil.

4. To observe the wireless transfer of energy in the form of lighting a bulb.

5. To explore real-life applications of Tesla Coil in modern technology.

Materials Required
The following materials were used in the construction of the Tesla Coil
model:

Material Quantity / Specification Purpose / Use

Wound on PVC pipe to form the

Copper Wire ~28–32 AWG, around 500–
secondary coil which generates
(Thin) 1000 turns
high voltage.

Used as the primary coil,

Copper Wire
~20–22 AWG, 5–10 turns connected to the oscillation
(Thick)
circuit.

PVC Pipe / ~15 cm length, 2–3 cm Base for winding the secondary
Plastic Tube diameter coil.

Transistor / Drives the oscillation circuit for

1 (e.g., 2N2222, IRF540)
MOSFET Tesla Coil operation.

As per circuit
Resistors & Used for tuning and stabilizing
requirement (e.g., 220Ω,
Capacitors the circuit.
1kΩ, 100nF, etc.)

LED / Small Demonstrates wireless power

1–2 (Fluorescent or LED)
Bulb transmission.

Battery / Power Provides input power to the

9V–12V DC (1 unit)
Supply circuit.

Wooden Base / For mounting and supporting all

1 (as per size of circuit)
Plastic Board components.
Theory

The Tesla Coil works on the principle of resonance and electromagnetic

induction. It consists of two coils: a primary coil and a secondary coil. The
primary coil is powered by an oscillating circuit that generates alternating
current. This alternating current creates a rapidly changing magnetic field
around the primary coil. The secondary coil, which is placed close to the
primary coil, picks up this magnetic flux and induces a very high voltage.

Resonance plays a key role in amplifying the voltage. When the natural
frequency of the primary coil circuit matches with that of the secondary coil,
resonance occurs. At resonance, the energy transfer between the coils is
maximum, and the voltage at the secondary coil rises to extremely high
values. This is why Tesla Coils are able to generate high voltages capable of
wireless energy transfer.

Difference between a Tesla Coil and a normal transformer:

- A normal transformer transfers energy directly from primary to secondary
coil.
- A Tesla Coil uses resonance to boost voltage much higher than normal
transformers.
Construction
The construction of a Tesla Coil involves winding two coils and assembling the
electronic circuit:

1. Take a PVC pipe of about 15–20 cm length. Wind thin copper wire (enamel-coated)
around it to make around 800–1000 turns. This becomes the secondary coil.

2. For the primary coil, use thicker copper wire and make 6–10 turns around the
base of the PVC pipe. This coil should be close to the secondary coil but not touching
it.

3. Mount both coils on a wooden or plastic base. Ensure stability and proper
spacing.

4. Connect the primary coil to a transistor-based oscillating circuit powered by a DC

supply.

5. Attach an LED or fluorescent bulb near the secondary coil to test the wireless
energy transfer.

Safety Precautions:
- Avoid touching the secondary coil while powered.
- Keep metal objects away from the coil during operation.
- Use low-voltage power supply for the demonstration model .

→CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Working
The Tesla Coil works in the following stages:

1. The DC power supply is converted into an oscillating AC signal

using a transistor-based circuit.

2. This alternating current flows through the primary coil, generating

a rapidly changing magnetic field.

3. The magnetic field induces an EMF in the secondary coil, as per

Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.

4. If the frequency of oscillation matches the natural frequency of the

secondary coil, resonance occurs, and the induced voltage increases
greatly.

5. The high voltage produced in the secondary coil can wirelessly light
up a bulb or power nearby objects.

This principle shows how wireless power transfer works, which is the
basis of modern wireless chargers.
➔ OBSERVATION GRAPH

➔ Tesla coil lighting a bulb

Applications
The Tesla Coil has a wide range of applications, some of which include:

1. Wireless transmission of electricity.

2. Radio communication (early transmitters were based on Tesla Coil
principle).
3. Wireless chargers for mobile phones and electric vehicles.
4. Medical imaging technologies such as MRI scanners.
5. High-voltage experiments and educational demonstrations.
6. Plasma globes and entertainment lightning displays.
7. Research in wireless power transfer for space-based solar power.
8. Contactless power for biomedical implants.
9. Development of futuristic transportation systems.
10. Advancements in high-frequency research laboratories.

EXAMPLE:
Advantages and Limitations
Advantages:
- Enables wireless power transfer.
- Demonstrates resonance and electromagnetic induction
practically.
- Can achieve very high voltages.
- Inspires further innovations in power transmission.

Limitations:
- Low efficiency in long-distance transmission.
- High voltage poses safety risks.
- Not practical for large-scale commercial power distribution.
- Requires precise tuning of coils to achieve resonance.
Conclusion
The Tesla Coil, invented by Nikola Tesla, remains one of the most
fascinating electrical devices in history. It was far ahead of its time
and demonstrated the possibility of wireless transmission of
electricity. Though it has limitations for commercial use, its principles
are applied in several modern technologies, such as wireless charging,
medical imaging, and communication systems.

Tesla’s vision of a wireless world continues to inspire scientists and

engineers. With rapid advancements in technology, the dream of
efficient and safe wireless power transmission may one day become a
reality.

Thus, this project not only deepens our understanding of resonance

and induction but also connects us to the visionary work of Nikola
Tesla, whose ideas are still shaping the future.
Bibliography
1. Wikipedia – Tesla Coil and Wireless Power Transmission.

2. NCERT Physics Textbook, Class XI & XII.

3. H.C. Verma – Concepts of Physics, Vol I & II.

4. IEEE Journal on Wireless Power Transfer (selected research

papers).

5. Educational Websites – Physics Classroom, Electronics Tutorials.

6. YouTube – DIY Tesla Coil Tutorials (GreatScott!, RimstarOrg).